regex - 用于翻译在一行中由制表符分隔的查找第三个单词的 Shell 脚本

Question

有人可以帮我写一个脚本来翻译每行中的第三个单词，单词用制表符分隔。

样本输入：

Hello how Are You
Iam Fine how about

样本输出：

Hello how Ziv You
Iam Fine sld about

每行中的第三个单词应按如下方式翻译：tr '[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvqxyz]' '[zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba]'

Answer 1

鉴于以下情况：

[somedude@dev7 ~]# cat so.txt 
Hello   how Are You
Iam Fine    how about
[somedude@dev7 ~]# 

我会跑：

[somedude@dev7 ~]# cat so.sh 
#!/bin/bash

_INPUT="Hello how Are You
Iam Fine how about"

# read each line from config file
while read -r l 
do

  _GET_THIRD_WORD=$(echo $l | awk '{print $3}')

  echo $_GET_THIRD_WORD | sed -i "s,$_GET_THIRD_WORD,SOMETHINGTOTRANSLATEWITH," 

done < so.txt
[somedude@dev7 ~]# 

这会将您翻译的每一行都回显到标准输出。

希望这可以帮助！

Answer 2

猛击：

#!/bin/bash
while read -ra A; do
    printf "%s\t%s" "${A[0]}" "${A[1]}"
    printf "\t%s" "$(echo "${A[2]}" | tr '[ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvqxyz]' '[ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBAzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba]')" "${A[@]:3}"
    echo
done

运行为：

bash script.sh < input_file

输出：

Hello   how     Aiv     You
Iam     Fine    slw     about

如果您更改\t为空格 ( )：

Hello how Ziv You
Iam Fine slw about

另一个版本：

#!/bin/bash
F=({A..Z} {a..z}) R=({Z..A} {z..a})
while read -ra A; do
    printf "%s\t%s" "${A[0]}" "${A[1]}"
    printf "\t%s" "$(IFS=''; echo "${A[2]}" | tr "[${F[*]}]" "[${R[*]}]")" "${A[@]:3}"
    echo
done

Answer 3

这非常笨拙，但可以完成工作（在 bash shell 中）。y它对整个输入文件使用 sed 的音译运算符。这通过进程替换传递给 awk 和存储在数组中的第三个字段。然后，awk 循环遍历原始文件，并用音译值替换第三个字段的每个实例。

awk -F'\t'  -v OFS='\t' 'NR == FNR{a[NR]=$3; next};{$3=a[FNR]; print}' \
<(sed -e 'y/abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvqxyz/zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba/' \
-e 'y/ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZ/ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA/' file) file

Answer 4

像这样的 AWK 脚本

#!/usr/bin/awk -f
BEGIN{
    IFS="\t"                                        #input field separator as tab
    CHARSET = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"      
}

{
    rep_str=""                                      #replacement string
    # loop in through each char of third word
    for(i=1;i<=length($3);i++){
        char = substr($3,i,1)
        loc = index(CHARSET,tolower(char))

        #check to see if the character is actually an alphabet
        if(loc>0){

            #get the reverse location of char in the CHARSET                               
            rep_char = substr(CHARSET,27-loc,1)    

            #change the replacement character to upper case if the original char is uppercase
            if(char~/[A-Z]/){
                rep_char = toupper(rep_char)   
            }
        }else{
            rep_char = char
        }
        rep_str=rep_str rep_char                       #final replacement sting formed by concatenation of replaced char rep_char 
    }
    $3 = rep_str                                           
    print $0    
}

Answer 5

perl -F'\t' -lane '$F[3] =~ tr/ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVQXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvqxyz/ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBAzyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba/ ; print "@F"' Filename