7

I have an OpenGL project which uses GLUT (not freeglut) wherein I would like to display 2D text on the viewport at a fixed location. The rest of my objects are in 3D world co-ordinates.

This answer to a related old question says that,

the bitmap fonts which ship with GLUT are simple 2D fonts and are not suitable for display inside your 3D environment. However, they're perfect for text that needs to be overlayed on the display window.

I've tried the approach outlined in the accepted answer, but it does not give me the desired output. Following is a code snippet of the display function:

void display()
{
  glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

  glLoadIdentity();  
  glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, -(dis+ddis));   //Translate the camera
  glRotated(elev+delev, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);  //Rotate the camera
  glRotated(azim+dazim, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);  //Rotate the camera

       .
       .
       .
  draw 3D scene
       .
       .
       .

  glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
  glPushMatrix();
  glLoadIdentity();
  gluOrtho2D(0.0, win_width, 0.0, win_height);
  glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
  glPushMatrix();
  glLoadIdentity();
  glRasterPos2i(10, 10);
  string s = "Some text";
  void * font = GLUT_BITMAP_9_BY_15;
  for (string::iterator i = s.begin(); i != s.end(); ++i)
  {
    char c = *i;
    glColor3d(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    glutBitmapCharacter(font, c);
  }
  glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
  glPopMatrix();
  glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
  glPopMatrix();

  glFlush();
  glSwapBuffers();
}

A similar question to what I want seems to have been asked, but has no accepted answers by the author.

Answers in general seem to suggest using other libraries (mostly OS specific) to achieve the overlay. However, there is no clear indication to whether this can be achieved with GLUT alone. Can it be done?

4

3 回答 3

8

我在使用 glut 创建太阳系模型时遇到了同样的问题。这是我解决它的方法：（使用上面的代码）

glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); //added this
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glPushMatrix();
glLoadIdentity();
gluOrtho2D(0.0, win_width, 0.0, win_height);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glPushMatrix();
glLoadIdentity();
glRasterPos2i(10, 10);
string s = "Some text";
void * font = GLUT_BITMAP_9_BY_15;
for (string::iterator i = s.begin(); i != s.end(); ++i)
{
  char c = *i;
  glColor3d(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
  glutBitmapCharacter(font, c);
}
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); //swapped this with...
glPopMatrix();
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); //...this
glPopMatrix();
//added this
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);


你会注意到我切换glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);并glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);接近尾声。我决定这样做是因为这个网站。我还必须用glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D)和包围代码部分glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D)。

希望有帮助-我为我工作。我的太阳系使用类来执行所有这些，我很乐意应要求分享更多细节。

于 2014-02-21T00:58:31.710 回答
5

正如我所说，您发布的代码运行良好。这是我用来测试它的代码：

#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <GLUT/glut.h>
#else
#include <GL/glut.h>
#endif

#include "GL/glu.h"
//glm not required
//#include <glm.hpp>
//#include <gtc/matrix_transform.hpp>
#include <string>

int win_width = 500, win_height = 500;

void renderScene(void) {

    static float dis=0, ddis=0, elev=0, delev=0, azim=0, dazim=0;

    azim += 0.5f;
    if (azim >= 360.0f){
        azim -= 360.0f;
    }

    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

    glLoadIdentity();
    glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -(dis + ddis));
    glRotated(elev + delev, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    glRotated(azim + dazim, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    glScalef(2.0f,2.0f,2.0f);

    glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
        glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
        glVertex3f(-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f);
        glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
        glVertex3f(0.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
        glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
        glVertex3f(0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f);
    glEnd();


    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glPushMatrix();
    glLoadIdentity();
    //I like to use glm because glu is deprecated
    //glm::mat4 orth= glm::ortho(0.0f, (float)win_width, 0.0f, (float)win_height);
    //glMultMatrixf(&(orth[0][0]));
    gluOrtho2D(0.0, win_width, 0.0, win_height);
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    glPushMatrix();
    glLoadIdentity();
    glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);//needs to be called before RasterPos
    glRasterPos2i(10, 10);
    std::string s = "Some text";
    void * font = GLUT_BITMAP_9_BY_15;

    for (std::string::iterator i = s.begin(); i != s.end(); ++i)
    {
        char c = *i;
        //this does nothing, color is fixed for Bitmaps when calling glRasterPos
        //glColor3f(1.0, 0.0, 1.0); 
        glutBitmapCharacter(font, c);
    }
    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
    glPopMatrix();
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glPopMatrix();
    glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);

    glutSwapBuffers();
    glutPostRedisplay();
}

int main(int argc, char **argv) {

    // init GLUT and create Window
    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA);
    glutInitWindowPosition(100, 100);
    glutInitWindowSize(win_width, win_height);
    glutCreateWindow("GLUT Test");

    // register callbacks
    glutDisplayFunc(renderScene);

    // enter GLUT event processing cycle
    glutMainLoop();

    return 1;
}

关于已弃用的固定功能管道和其他的通常免责声明适用。

于 2013-09-17T13:38:01.490 回答
0

有一种棘手的方法可以解决您的问题。

请在调用函数之前编写代码或如下所示：

glutBitmaCharacter(font, ' ');//

可以....！它应该工作......

于 2014-11-27T08:08:07.263 回答