c# - 如何从 DOMAIN\user 格式的用户名创建 WindowsIdentity/WindowsPrincipal

Question

WindowsIdentity(string)构造函数要求用户名的格式username@domain.com。但就我而言，我从数据库中以旧DOMAIN\user格式获取用户名（然后必须检查他们的 Windows 角色成员资格）。

WindowsPrincipal从旧式（sAMAccountName）用户名创建的最佳方法是什么？

Answer 1

似乎没有办法在不涉及对 Active Directory 的查询的情况下转换用户名格式。由于是这种情况，因此无需创建WindowsPrincipal用于检查组成员资格，因为这可能需要另一个与 AD 的连接。

通过使用System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement命名空间，您可以获得用户的 UPN 并检查组成员身份。

string accountName = @"DOMAIN\user";
var groupNames = new[] { "DOMAIN\Domain Users", "DOMAIN\Group2" }; // the groups that we need to verify if the user is member of

// cannot create WindowsIdentity because it requires username in form user@domain.com but the passed value will be DOMAIN\user.
using (var pc = new PrincipalContext(System.DirectoryServices.AccountManagement.ContextType.Domain, Environment.UserDomainName))
{
    using (var p = UserPrincipal.FindByIdentity(pc, accountName))
    {
        // if the account does not exist or is not an user account
        if (p == null)
            return new string[0];

        // if you need just the UPN of the user, you can use this
        ////return p.UserPrincipalName;

        // find all groups the user is member of (the check is recursive).
        // Guid != null check is intended to remove all built-in objects that are not really AD gorups.
        // the Sid.Translate method gets the DOMAIN\Group name format.
        var userIsMemberOf = p.GetAuthorizationGroups().Where(o => o.Guid != null).Select(o => o.Sid.Translate(typeof(NTAccount)).ToString());

        // use a HashSet to find the group the user is member of.
        var groups = new HashSet<string>(userIsMemberOf, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
        groups.IntersectWith(groupNames);

        return groups;
    }
}

Answer 2

这工作正常，但涉及对活动目录/SAM 存储的查询（取决于上下文）......

private WindowsIdentity GetWindowsIdentity(
  string userName)
{
  using (var user =
    UserPrincipal.FindByIdentity(
      UserPrincipal.Current.Context,
      IdentityType.SamAccountName,
      userName
      ) ??
    UserPrincipal.FindByIdentity(
      UserPrincipal.Current.Context,
      IdentityType.UserPrincipalName,
      userName
      ))
  {
    return user == null
      ? null
      : new WindowsIdentity(user.UserPrincipalName);
  }
}

Answer 3

我在示例 pinvoke.net 上使用了 DsCrackNames 并将其修改为从 nt4 名称转换为 UPN。它有点马虎，你可能想清理一下。为此，它也必须击中 DS。他们有 DS_NAME_FLAG_SYNTACTICAL_ONLY 标志，可用于不点击目录，但我认为这不会在这里工作。

class Entry
{

    const uint NO_ERROR = 0;
    [DllImport("ntdsapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    static public extern uint DsCrackNames(
      IntPtr hDS,
      DS_NAME_FLAGS flags,
      DS_NAME_FORMAT formatOffered,
      DS_NAME_FORMAT formatDesired,
      uint cNames,
      string[] rpNames,
      out IntPtr ppResult  // PDS_NAME_RESULT
      );

    [DllImport("ntdsapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    static public extern void DsFreeNameResult(IntPtr pResult /* DS_NAME_RESULT* */);

    public enum DS_NAME_ERROR
    {
        DS_NAME_NO_ERROR = 0,

        // Generic processing error.
        DS_NAME_ERROR_RESOLVING = 1,

        // Couldn't find the name at all - or perhaps caller doesn't have
        // rights to see it.
        DS_NAME_ERROR_NOT_FOUND = 2,

        // Input name mapped to more than one output name.
        DS_NAME_ERROR_NOT_UNIQUE = 3,

        // Input name found, but not the associated output format.
        // Can happen if object doesn't have all the required attributes.
        DS_NAME_ERROR_NO_MAPPING = 4,

        // Unable to resolve entire name, but was able to determine which
        // domain object resides in.  Thus DS_NAME_RESULT_ITEM?.pDomain
        // is valid on return.
        DS_NAME_ERROR_DOMAIN_ONLY = 5,

        // Unable to perform a purely syntactical mapping at the client
        // without going out on the wire.
        DS_NAME_ERROR_NO_SYNTACTICAL_MAPPING = 6,

        // The name is from an external trusted forest.
        DS_NAME_ERROR_TRUST_REFERRAL = 7

    }

    [Flags]
    public enum DS_NAME_FLAGS
    {
        DS_NAME_NO_FLAGS = 0x0,

        // Perform a syntactical mapping at the client (if possible) without
        // going out on the wire.  Returns DS_NAME_ERROR_NO_SYNTACTICAL_MAPPING
        // if a purely syntactical mapping is not possible.
        DS_NAME_FLAG_SYNTACTICAL_ONLY = 0x1,

        // Force a trip to the DC for evaluation, even if this could be
        // locally cracked syntactically.
        DS_NAME_FLAG_EVAL_AT_DC = 0x2,

        // The call fails if the DC is not a GC
        DS_NAME_FLAG_GCVERIFY = 0x4,

        // Enable cross forest trust referral
        DS_NAME_FLAG_TRUST_REFERRAL = 0x8

    }

    public enum DS_NAME_FORMAT
    {
        // unknown name type
        DS_UNKNOWN_NAME = 0,

        // eg: CN=User Name,OU=Users,DC=Example,DC=Microsoft,DC=Com
        DS_FQDN_1779_NAME = 1,

        // eg: Example\UserN
        // Domain-only version includes trailing '\\'.
        DS_NT4_ACCOUNT_NAME = 2,

        // Probably "User Name" but could be something else.  I.e. The
        // display name is not necessarily the defining RDN.
        DS_DISPLAY_NAME = 3,

        // obsolete - see #define later
        // DS_DOMAIN_SIMPLE_NAME = 4,

        // obsolete - see #define later
        // DS_ENTERPRISE_SIMPLE_NAME = 5,

        // String-ized GUID as returned by IIDFromString().
        // eg: {4fa050f0-f561-11cf-bdd9-00aa003a77b6}
        DS_UNIQUE_ID_NAME = 6,

        // eg: example.microsoft.com/software/user name
        // Domain-only version includes trailing '/'.
        DS_CANONICAL_NAME = 7,

        // eg: usern@example.microsoft.com
        DS_USER_PRINCIPAL_NAME = 8,

        // Same as DS_CANONICAL_NAME except that rightmost '/' is
        // replaced with '\n' - even in domain-only case.
        // eg: example.microsoft.com/software\nuser name
        DS_CANONICAL_NAME_EX = 9,

        // eg: www/www.microsoft.com@example.com - generalized service principal
        // names.
        DS_SERVICE_PRINCIPAL_NAME = 10,

        // This is the string representation of a SID.  Invalid for formatDesired.
        // See sddl.h for SID binary <--> text conversion routines.
        // eg: S-1-5-21-397955417-626881126-188441444-501
        DS_SID_OR_SID_HISTORY_NAME = 11,

        // Pseudo-name format so GetUserNameEx can return the DNS domain name to
        // a caller.  This level is not supported by the DS APIs.
        DS_DNS_DOMAIN_NAME = 12
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    public struct DS_NAME_RESULT_ITEM
    {
        public DS_NAME_ERROR status;
        public string pDomain;
        public string pName;
    }

    [DllImport("ntdsapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    static public extern uint DsBind(
      string DomainControllerName,      // in, optional
      string DnsDomainName,         // in, optional
      out IntPtr phDS);

    [DllImport("ntdsapi.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    static public extern uint DsUnBind(ref IntPtr phDS);

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    public struct DS_NAME_RESULT
    {
        public uint cItems;
        public IntPtr rItems; // PDS_NAME_RESULT_ITEM
    }

    [STAThread]
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // Bind to default global catalog
        IntPtr hDS;
        uint err = DsBind(null, null, out hDS);
        if (err != NO_ERROR)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Error on DsBind : {0}", err);
            return;
        }
        // Crack the currently logged on name
        try
        {
            string[] names = new string[] { System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name };
            DS_NAME_RESULT_ITEM[] results =
              HandleDsCrackNames(hDS, DS_NAME_FLAGS.DS_NAME_NO_FLAGS, DS_NAME_FORMAT.DS_NT4_ACCOUNT_NAME, DS_NAME_FORMAT.DS_USER_PRINCIPAL_NAME, names);
            foreach (DS_NAME_RESULT_ITEM result in results)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Result : {0}\r\nDomain : {1}\r\nName : {2}", result.status, result.pDomain, result.pName);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            DsUnBind(ref hDS);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// A wrapper function for the DsCrackNames OS call
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="hDS">DsBind handle</param>
    /// <param name="flags">Flags controlling the process</param>
    /// <param name="formatOffered">Format of the names</param>
    /// <param name="formatDesired">Desired format for the names</param>
    /// <param name="names">The names to crack</param>
    /// <returns>The crack result</returns>
    public static DS_NAME_RESULT_ITEM[] HandleDsCrackNames(IntPtr hDS, DS_NAME_FLAGS flags, DS_NAME_FORMAT formatOffered, DS_NAME_FORMAT formatDesired, string[] names)
    {
        IntPtr pResult;
        DS_NAME_RESULT_ITEM[] ResultArray;
        uint err = DsCrackNames(
      hDS,
      flags,
      formatOffered,
      formatDesired,
      (uint)((names == null) ? 0 : names.Length),
      names,
      out pResult);
        if (err != NO_ERROR)
            throw new System.ComponentModel.Win32Exception((int)err);
        try
        {
            // Next convert the returned structure to managed environment
            DS_NAME_RESULT Result = new DS_NAME_RESULT();
            Result.cItems = (uint)Marshal.ReadInt32(pResult);
            Result.rItems = Marshal.ReadIntPtr(pResult, Marshal.OffsetOf(typeof(DS_NAME_RESULT), "rItems").ToInt32());
            IntPtr curptr = Result.rItems;
            ResultArray = new DS_NAME_RESULT_ITEM[Result.cItems];
            for (int index = 0; index < (int)Result.cItems; index++)
            {
                ResultArray[index] = (DS_NAME_RESULT_ITEM)Marshal.PtrToStructure(curptr, typeof(DS_NAME_RESULT_ITEM));
                curptr = (IntPtr)((int)curptr + Marshal.SizeOf(ResultArray[index]));
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            DsFreeNameResult(pResult);
        }
        return ResultArray;
    }

}