我有 35 个文件夹，每个文件夹包含 50 张图片，每张图片都有不同的名称，诸如此类copy(3), rename, youanem。我想将所有文件夹中的所有图像重命名为序列号，即文件夹0包含 50 张图像，它应该给它们编号，例如 0-49，其余文件夹及其图像的编号相同。文件夹名称是 0-9，然后是 AZ。
这是否可以为它编程，或者我必须手动进行
这是我最初的尝试，我没有完全尝试过：
from os import rename, listdir
folder = "D://images//"
fnames = listdir('.')
for fname in fnames:
if fname.startswith(folder):
rename(fname, fname.replace(name, '', 1))
我不知道如何给它起名字
谢谢
最简单，最干净，遍历所有文件并用索引重命名。
import os
os.getcwd()
collection = "C:/darth_vader"
for i, filename in enumerate(os.listdir(collection)):
os.rename("C:/darth_vader/" + filename, "C:/darth_vader/" + str(i) + ".jpg")
这显示了如何对目录中的所有文件进行排序。例如，如果目录有 50 个文件，它会将它们重命名为 0-49。您还可以使用一些迭代器遍历文件夹名称，如下所示：
import os
for dirname in os.listdir("."):
if os.path.isdir(dirname):
for i, filename in enumerate(os.listdir(dirname)):
os.rename(dirname + "/" + filename, dirname + "/" + str(i) + ".bmp")
你可以使用 os.walk：
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(folder):
for i,f in enumerate(files):
absname = os.path.join(root, f)
newname = os.path.join(root, str(i))
os.rename(absname, newname)
这应该完全符合您的要求。
这是我已经为此编写的脚本，欢迎您使用： http: //pastebin.com/gYbGEaZY。
如果您只是运行脚本，它将引导您逐步选择目录、定义前缀/后缀等，如果您对更改不满意，甚至可以选择撤销更改。
如果您对代码有任何疑问，请告诉我。
编辑
您可能需要编辑几个部分。一个是它在 get_file_extensions 中查找的文件类型的列表，另一个是使用 os.getenv 引用的任何给定路径/环境变量
以下是链接出现问题的代码：
#!/usr/bin/python
import os, webbrowser as wb, time, re, datetime as dt
from Tkinter import Tk
import tkFileDialog as fd
Tk().withdraw() # to stop shell opening for Tkinter
username = os.environ.get('username')
path = None
open_when_done = False
err_log = os.path.join(os.getenv('dt'),'rename_error_log.txt') # append
# Globals
g_sort_type = 'NATURAL' # options allowed for DATE or NATURAL i.e. how Windows would sort by default
def write_log_file(file_history, reverted=False):
fname = str(username+'_'+str(dt.datetime.today())[:19]+'.csv').replace(':','-')
logfile = os.path.join(os.environ.get('logs'), 'rename', fname.replace(' ','_'))
f = open(logfile, 'w')
if reverted:
f.write('These files were reverted!!!\n')
f.write('Filename, Old Name, New Name\n')
for row in file_history:
f.write(str(str(row[0])+', '+row[1]+', '+row[2]+'\n'))
f.close()
def revert(file_history):
for row in file_history:
new_name = row[2]
old_name = row[1]
print '...reverting file', new_name, 'to', old_name
os.rename(os.path.join(path,new_name), os.path.join(path,old_name))
def get_range(specific, file_list, excl_list):
count = len(file_list)
#find a zero based index range (which goes upto but not including the upper limit)
if specific == 'Y':
print '\n'
print 'Please specify the name of the file you want to start from, you do not need to'
print 'write the full name, just enough characters for the input to be unique e.g. if'
print 'two files are called "P30687" and "P30799", a single file could be identifed by'
print 'entering "P306".\n'
print 'You can leave either the start filename or end filename empty.'
c = 0
while c <> 1:
c, tmp = 0, None
print '\n','Range Start:'
print '-----------'
first = raw_input('Please enter the file to start from: ').lower()
if not first:
start = 0
break
for name in file_list:
if first in name.lower():
if not tmp:
tmp = name
c += 1
if c == 0:
print 'No matches were found for string:', first, ', please try again...'
elif c > 1:
print 'More than one file found, do you want to start from the first: '+tmp
if raw_input('(Y/N?): ').upper() == 'Y':
start, c = file_list.index(tmp), 1
else:
'Okay, please give a more specific name.\n'
else:
start = file_list.index(tmp)
c = 0
while c <> 1:
c, tmp = 0, None
print '\n','Range End:'
print '---------'
last = raw_input('Please enter the last file to be included: ').lower()
if not last:
end = count
break
for name in file_list:
if last in name.lower():
if not tmp:
tmp = name
c += 1
if c == 0:
print 'No matches were found for string:', last, ', please try again...'
elif c > 1:
print 'More than one file found, do you want to start from the first: '+tmp+' (Y/N?):'
if raw_input('> ').upper() == 'Y':
last, c = file_list.index(tmp)+1, 1
else:
'Okay, please give a more specific name.\n'
else:
end = file_list.index(tmp)+1
else:
start, end = 0, count
return start, end, count
def make_excl_list():
finished = False
lst = []
print '\n'
print 'You will now be prompted for any text strings that you want to exclude from the'
print 'renaming process. Please notes that these are not case sensitive i.e. "mar"'
print 'would exclude any file names containing "MAR" or "Mar" etc. \n'
while not finished:
lst.append(raw_input('Enter exclusion text: ').lower())
if raw_input('Do you want to add any more? (Y/N): ').upper()[0] == 'N':
finished = True
return lst
def rename_files(file_list, file_type):
happy = False
excl_list = []
while not happy:
print 'No of Digits:'
print '------------'
print 'How many digits do you want to use for the numbering e.g. 3 for 001 - 999'
no_of_digits = int(raw_input('> '))
print '\n', 'Start No:'
print '--------'
if raw_input('Do you want to start from 1? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
file_no = 1
else:
file_no = int(raw_input('Please enter the number that you want to start from: '))
print '\n', 'Exclusions:'
print '----------'
print 'Do you want to specify any exclusions (i.e. files to be left unchanged) (Y/N)?'
excl = raw_input('> ').upper()
if excl == 'Y':
excl_list = make_excl_list()
print '\n', 'Range:'
print '-----'
print 'Do you want to specify a range of filenames to be renamed (Y/N)?'
rnge = raw_input('> ').upper()
start, end, count = get_range(rnge, file_list, excl_list)
print '\n', 'Prefix:'
print '------'
print 'Please enter the prefix that you want to use before the numbers (can be empty)'
prefix = raw_input('> ')
print '\n', 'Suffix:'
print '------'
print 'Please enter the suffix that you want to use after the numbers (can be empty)'
print 'For a special suffix of _ and the month the file was last modified enter _mon'
suffix = raw_input('> ')
l = len(str(file_no))
eg = prefix+'0'*(no_of_digits-l)+str(file_no)+suffix+' to '+prefix+'9'*no_of_digits+suffix
print '\n', 'Naming schema set to:', eg
print '\n', 'Proceed?'
print '-------'
if raw_input('Are you happy to proceed? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
happy = True
else:
if raw_input('Do you want to change directory? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
return False
else:
print 'Okay, we can go through the instructions again for the current directory\n'
file_history = [] # contains a row per file with (file_no, old_name, new_name)
print '\n', (end - start), file_type, 'files found wuthin range.'
if raw_input('Do you want to rename these files? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
print '\n', 'Starting renaming process...', '\n'
# loop through specified range within file_list
for n in range(start,end):
excluded = False
if excl == 'Y':
for ex in excl_list:
if ex in file_list[n].lower():
excluded = True
print '***leaving file', file_list[n], 'because of exclusion:', ex
if not excluded:
if suffix == '_mon':
use_suffix = '_'+time.ctime(os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(path, file_list[n])))[4:7]
else:
use_suffix = suffix
l = len(str(file_no))
ext = file_list[n][file_list[n].rfind('.'):].lower()
new_name = prefix+'0'*(no_of_digits-l)+str(file_no)+use_suffix+ext
file_history.append((file_no, file_list[n], new_name))
print '...renaming file', file_list[n], 'to', new_name
os.rename(os.path.join(path,file_list[n]), os.path.join(path,new_name))
file_no += 1
if open_when_done:
print '\n', 'Opening directory...', '\n'
wb.open(path)
else:
return False
print 'The files have now been re-named. However, a record has been taken of the old'
print 'file names so that they can be reverted if required.','\n'
if raw_input('Are you happy with the changes? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
write_log_file(file_history, False)
return True
else:
if raw_input('Do you want to revert to the old file name? (Y/N): ').upper() == 'Y':
revert(file_history)
write_log_file(file_history, True)
print '\n', 'The files should now be restored to their original names'
return True
def sort_list(l):
if g_sort_type.upper() == 'DATE':
file_date_tuple_list, sorted_files = [], []
for i in l:
d = os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(path,i))
file_date_tuple = (i,d)
file_date_tuple_list.append(file_date_tuple)
file_date_tuple_list.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])
for i in file_date_tuple_list:
sorted_files.append(i[0])
return sorted_files
else:
convert = lambda text: int(text) if text.isdigit() else text.lower()
alphanum_key = lambda key: [ convert(c) for c in re.split('([0-9]+)', key) ]
return sorted(l, key = alphanum_key)
def get_file_extensions(file_type):
if file_type == 'image':
lst = [
'.bmp', #Bitmap Image File
'.dds', #DirectDraw Surface
'.dng', #Digital Negative Image File
'.gif', #Graphical Interchange Format File
'.jpg', #JPEG Image
'.png', #Portable Network Graphic
'.psd', #Adobe Photoshop Document
'.pspimage', #PaintShop Pro Image
'.tga', #Targa Graphic
'.thm', #Thumbnail Image File
'.tif', #Tagged Image File
'.yuv', #YUV Encoded Image File
'.mov', #Movie File
'.avi',
'.mp4'
]
return lst
def make_list():
selected = False
while not selected:
# Date or natural sort used to order contents as Windows does
content = sort_list(os.listdir(path))
print '\n', 'The current directory selected is:','\n', path,'\n'
file_type = 'image'
ext_list = get_file_extensions(file_type)
file_list = []
for name in content:
if name[name.rfind('.'):].lower() in ext_list:
file_list.append(name)
print ''
if len(file_list) == 0:
print 'No image files have been found', '\n'
else:
selected = rename_files(file_list, file_type)
return path
def get_dir():
global path
tmp_path, pict = None, None
computer = os.environ.get('computername')
if computer.lower() == 'prosser-pc':
if os.getenv('username').lower() == 'rachel.prosser':
pict = os.path.join('E:\Users', os.getenv('username'), 'Pictures', 'Family Photos')
else:
pict = os.path.join('E:\Users', os.getenv('username'), 'Pictures')
else:
pict = os.path.join(os.environ.get('userprofile'), 'Pictures')
# start user from relevant pictures directory...
os.chdir(pict)
while not path:
# if tmp_path assigned at end of previous loop use this, otherwise prompt for dir...
if tmp_path:
path = tmp_path
tmp_path = None
else:
print 'Please select a directory to rename images...', '\n'
path = fd.askdirectory()
# false is returned if something goes wrong causing the loop to continue
path = make_list()
if raw_input('Do you want to Continue? (Y\N): ').upper() == 'Y':
if raw_input('Do you want to use the same directory again? (Y\N): ').upper() == 'Y':
tmp_path = path #store to use in next loop
path = None #this will cause the loop to continue
def main():
print 'Program written by Chris Prosser for his beloved wife Rachel.', '\n'
print 'This program allows the user to select a directory and rename all of the files'
print 'of a given type within that directory.', '\n'
try:
get_dir()
except NameError:
exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback = sys.exc_info()
lines = traceback.format_exception(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback)
print 'An error occurred, the details shown below will be written to an error log file:'
print err_log
print ''.join('!! ' + line for line in lines)
with open(err_log, "a") as myfile:
myfile.write(''.join('!! ' + line for line in lines))
else:
print '\n', '*** PROCESS COMPLETE ***'
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
另一种选择是尝试 glob 库。
我有一个例子，我不得不重命名一堆图像：
import os
import glob
current_files = glob.glob('./*.png')
for i, filename in enumerate(current_files):
os.rename(filename, './' + '0'*(2-len(str(i))) + str(i) + '.png')
上面一行中的 2 是前导 0 的数字的总长度（我有 2，因为我知道图像少于 100 个）。
import os
import os.path
img_types = ['jpg', 'tif']
for dirpath, dirnames, fnames in os.walk(base_path):
imgs = [f for f in fnames if os.path.splitext(f)[1] in img_types]
for j, im in enumerate(imgs):
name, ext = os.path.splitext(im)
os.rename(os.path.join(dirpath, im), os.path.join(dirpath,'{}.{}'.format(j, ext)))
截至 2021 年 3 月，假设您的图像文件名是“ABC_1234_5678_pre_fire.png”文件夹中还包含“ABC_1234_5678_post_fire.png”的内容，并且您只需重命名“pre”而不干扰图像名称的顺序。这是一个也可以尝试的片段：
import glob
import os
from os.path import basename, splitext
imageFile = glob.glob("/path_to_folder/*.png") # Folder containing images with name format "ABC_1234_5678_pre_fire.png" & "ABC_1234_5678_post_fire.png"
l = len(imageFile)
for i in range(l):
imageName = imageFile[i]
a, b, c, d, e = basename(imageName).split('_')
if d == 'pre':
d = '' # Replace with string you require
os.rename(imageName, "/path_to_folder/" + a + "_" + b + "_" + c + "_" + d + e) # Rename the images file in the same folder at once
在 Python 3.7.x 中（我不知道以前的版本）这个解决方案适用于目录中的任何类型的文件，到目前为止我还没有出现任何错误。
import os
directory = 'C:/...'
os.chdir(directory)
for i, f in enumerate(os.listdir(directory)):
f_name, f_ext = os.path.splitext(f)
new_name = 'asyouwant {}'.format(asyouwant, f_ext)
os.rename(f, new_name)
请注意，您必须在定义“new_name”时提供文件的扩展名（在末尾）。
import os
collection = "/home/hasan/Downloads/images"
image_name = os.listdir(collection)
print("Image names are :", image_name)
for name in image_name:
path_join = os.path.join(collection,name)
for i, filename in enumerate(os.listdir(path_join)):
os.rename("/home/hasan/Downloads/images/" + name +"/"+ filename, "/home/hasan/Downloads/images/" + name + "/" + name + "_" +str(i) + ".jpg")
此代码将使用四位数字重命名该路径中的所有文件，例如 - 0001.jpg,0002.jpg,....,0999.jpg,1000.jpg。
import os
os.getcwd()
path = "Images/test/"
file_type = "jpg"
for i, filename in enumerate(os.listdir(path)):
i = str(i)
if len(i)==1:
i = "000"+i
elif len(i)==2:
i = "00"+i
elif len(i)==3:
i = "0"+i
else:
i = str(i)
os.rename(path + filename, path + str(i) + "." + file_type)
这是我必须从整个目录更改图像名称时所做的
import os
# Function to rename multiple files
def main():
i = 0
path="C:/Path/to/image/directory/"
for filename in os.listdir(path):
my_dest ="Object " + str(i) + ".jpg"
my_source =path + filename
my_dest =path + my_dest
# rename() function will
# rename all the files
os.rename(my_source, my_dest)
i += 1
# Driver Code
if __name__ == '__main__':
# Calling main() function
main()
这对我有用
import os
os.getcwd()
collection = "/home/jerald/Downloads/whatsapp-images/xyz"
for i, filename in enumerate(os.listdir(collection)):
os.rename("/home/jerald/Downloads/whatsapp-images/xyz/" + filename, "/home/jerald/Downloads/whatsapp-images/xyz/" + str(i) + ".jpg")