While it is hard to rank languages by speed, it is well accepted that, in practice, today, you can get the fastest programs using C. I've always taken as a dogma that no high-level language could be as fast as it at least for some time. Except I've just learned about the Stalin compiler for Scheme. Scheme, as we know, is a high-level functional language with no type annotation. Yet, that compiler claims to generate programs 1.5 to 100 times faster than their direct equivalent in C.
The fact I wasn't aware of its existence makes me worry about my beliefs. First, how can that be true? Second, this can't be a lone exception. Are there other compilers of high or low level languages that are producing faster-than-C code, that I am not aware of too?