Try

$('select.color option:contains(white)').prop('selected','selected');

DEMO

Select all the elements whose selected option is "white".

Updated DEMO

$('select.color option:contains(white):selected').parent('select');

Match Exact value

DEMO

$('select.color option:contains(white):selected').each(function(){
    if($(this).text() == 'white'){
        $(this).parent('select').css('color','blue');
    }
});

尝试这个。

$("select.color option:selected:contains(white)").parent();

这将为您提供所有具有以白色开头的文本的选择元素

注意：它也会匹配whitesmoke

编辑：以下代码将为您提供确切的值。

var requiredelements = $("select.color option:selected").filter(
    function()
    {
    return ( $.trim($(this).text())=== 'white')
    }).parent('select');

alert(requiredelements.length);

JSFiddle 演示

$('select.color').each(function(index, element) {
 if($(this).find('option:selected').text()=='white') {
  // do something with select box which contains white text or use array to get all contents
 }
});