我有一个 GeoJSON Point 形式的坐标数据集合,我需要从中查询一个区域内的 10 个最新条目。现在有 1.000.000 个条目,但大约会增加 10 倍。
我的问题是,当所需区域内有很多条目时,我的查询性能会大大下降(案例 3)。我目前拥有的测试数据是随机的,但实际数据不会是随机的,因此不可能仅根据区域的尺寸选择另一个索引(如案例 4)。
无论区域如何,我应该怎么做才能让它以可预测的方式执行?
一、收藏统计:
> db.randomcoordinates.stats()
{
"ns" : "test.randomcoordinates",
"count" : 1000000,
"size" : 224000000,
"avgObjSize" : 224,
"storageSize" : 315006976,
"numExtents" : 15,
"nindexes" : 3,
"lastExtentSize" : 84426752,
"paddingFactor" : 1,
"systemFlags" : 0,
"userFlags" : 0,
"totalIndexSize" : 120416128,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 32458720,
"position_2dsphere_timestamp_-1" : 55629504,
"timestamp_-1" : 32327904
},
"ok" : 1
}
2、指标:
> db.randomcoordinates.getIndexes()
[
{
"v" : 1,
"key" : {
"_id" : 1
},
"ns" : "test.randomcoordinates",
"name" : "_id_"
},
{
"v" : 1,
"key" : {
"position" : "2dsphere",
"timestamp" : -1
},
"ns" : "test.randomcoordinates",
"name" : "position_2dsphere_timestamp_-1"
},
{
"v" : 1,
"key" : {
"timestamp" : -1
},
"ns" : "test.randomcoordinates",
"name" : "timestamp_-1"
}
]
3. 使用 2dsphere 复合索引查找:
> db.randomcoordinates.find({position: {$geoWithin: {$geometry: {type: "Polygon", coordinates: [[[1, 1], [1, 90], [180, 90], [180, 1], [1, 1]]]}}}}).sort({timestamp: -1}).limit(10).hint("position_2dsphere_timestamp_-1").explain()
{
"cursor" : "S2Cursor",
"isMultiKey" : true,
"n" : 10,
"nscannedObjects" : 116775,
"nscanned" : 283424,
"nscannedObjectsAllPlans" : 116775,
"nscannedAllPlans" : 283424,
"scanAndOrder" : true,
"indexOnly" : false,
"nYields" : 4,
"nChunkSkips" : 0,
"millis" : 3876,
"indexBounds" : {
},
"nscanned" : 283424,
"matchTested" : NumberLong(166649),
"geoTested" : NumberLong(166649),
"cellsInCover" : NumberLong(14),
"server" : "chan:27017"
}
4. 使用时间戳索引查找:
> db.randomcoordinates.find({position: {$geoWithin: {$geometry: {type: "Polygon", coordinates: [[[1, 1], [1, 90], [180, 90], [180, 1], [1, 1]]]}}}}).sort({timestamp: -1}).limit(10).hint("timestamp_-1").explain()
{
"cursor" : "BtreeCursor timestamp_-1",
"isMultiKey" : false,
"n" : 10,
"nscannedObjects" : 63,
"nscanned" : 63,
"nscannedObjectsAllPlans" : 63,
"nscannedAllPlans" : 63,
"scanAndOrder" : false,
"indexOnly" : false,
"nYields" : 0,
"nChunkSkips" : 0,
"millis" : 0,
"indexBounds" : {
"timestamp" : [
[
{
"$maxElement" : 1
},
{
"$minElement" : 1
}
]
]
},
"server" : "chan:27017"
}
有些人建议使用{timestamp: -1, position: "2dsphere"}
索引,所以我也尝试过,但它似乎表现得不够好。
5. 使用Timestamp + 2dsphere 复合索引查找
> db.randomcoordinates.find({position: {$geoWithin: {$geometry: {type: "Polygon", coordinates: [[[1, 1], [1, 90], [180, 90], [180, 1], [1, 1]]]}}}}).sort({timestamp: -1}).limit(10).hint("timestamp_-1_position_2dsphere").explain()
{
"cursor" : "S2Cursor",
"isMultiKey" : true,
"n" : 10,
"nscannedObjects" : 116953,
"nscanned" : 286513,
"nscannedObjectsAllPlans" : 116953,
"nscannedAllPlans" : 286513,
"scanAndOrder" : true,
"indexOnly" : false,
"nYields" : 4,
"nChunkSkips" : 0,
"millis" : 4597,
"indexBounds" : {
},
"nscanned" : 286513,
"matchTested" : NumberLong(169560),
"geoTested" : NumberLong(169560),
"cellsInCover" : NumberLong(14),
"server" : "chan:27017"
}