好吧,让我们直奔主题。目前,我正在与 Zed 的 Shaw Learn C 进行艰难的战斗,而我非常卡在他的练习 26 中。问题是,我无法理解一个 var arg 函数 - Shell_exec 中发生了什么。有人可以向我解释一下,这个 for 循环是如何工作的,以及它们与 var arg 系统有什么关系吗?
*File shell.c*
include "shell.h"
include "dbg.h"
include <stdarg.h>
int Shell_exec(Shell template, ...)
{
apr_pool_t *p = NULL;
int rc = -1;
apr_status_t rv = APR_SUCCESS;
va_list argp;
const char *key = NULL;
const char *arg = NULL;
int i = 0;
rv = apr_pool_create(&p, NULL);
check(rv == APR_SUCCESS, "Failed to create pool.");
va_start(argp, template);
for(key = va_arg(argp, const char *);
key != NULL;
key = va_arg(argp, const char *))
{
arg = va_arg(argp, const char *);
for(i = 0; template.args[i] != NULL; i++) {
if(strcmp(template.args[i], key) == 0) {
template.args[i] = arg;
break; // found it
}
}
}
rc = Shell_run(p, &template);
apr_pool_destroy(p);
va_end(argp);
return rc;
error:
if(p) {
apr_pool_destroy(p);
}
return rc;
}
int Shell_run(apr_pool_t *p, Shell *cmd)
{
apr_procattr_t *attr;
apr_status_t rv;
apr_proc_t newproc;
rv = apr_procattr_create(&attr, p);
check(rv == APR_SUCCESS, "Failed to create proc attr.");
rv = apr_procattr_io_set(attr, APR_NO_PIPE, APR_NO_PIPE,
APR_NO_PIPE);
check(rv == APR_SUCCESS, "Failed to set IO of command.");
rv = apr_procattr_dir_set(attr, cmd->dir);
check(rv == APR_SUCCESS, "Failed to set root to %s", cmd->dir);
rv = apr_procattr_cmdtype_set(attr, APR_PROGRAM_PATH);
check(rv == APR_SUCCESS, "Failed to set cmd type.");
rv = apr_proc_create(&newproc, cmd->exe, cmd->args, NULL, attr, p);
check(rv == APR_SUCCESS, "Failed to run command.");
rv = apr_proc_wait(&newproc, &cmd->exit_code, &cmd->exit_why, APR_WAIT);
check(rv == APR_CHILD_DONE, "Failed to wait.");
check(cmd->exit_code == 0, "%s exited badly.", cmd->exe);
check(cmd->exit_why == APR_PROC_EXIT, "%s was killed or crashed", cmd->exe);
return 0;
error:
return -1;
}
Shell CLEANUP_SH = {
.exe = "rm",
.dir = "/tmp",
.args = {"rm", "-rf", "/tmp/pkg-build", "/tmp/pkg-src.tar.gz",
"/tmp/pkg-src.tar.bz2", "/tmp/DEPENDS", NULL}
};
Shell GIT_SH = {
.dir = "/tmp",
.exe = "git",
.args = {"git", "clone", "URL", "pkg-build", NULL}
};
Shell TAR_SH = {
.dir = "/tmp/pkg-build",
.exe = "tar",
.args = {"tar", "-xzf", "FILE", "--strip-components", "1", NULL}
};
Shell CURL_SH = {
.dir = "/tmp",
.exe = "curl",
.args = {"curl", "-L", "-o", "TARGET", "URL", NULL}
};
Shell CONFIGURE_SH = {
.exe = "./configure",
.dir = "/tmp/pkg-build",
.args = {"configure", "OPTS", NULL},
};
Shell MAKE_SH = {
.exe = "make",
.dir = "/tmp/pkg-build",
.args = {"make", "OPTS", NULL}
};
Shell INSTALL_SH = {
.exe = "sudo",
.dir = "/tmp/pkg-build",
.args = {"sudo", "make", "TARGET", NULL}
};
}