我遇到了类似的问题（不是 gmail），对我来说最大的问题是制作一个可重现的测试用例；我终于设法制作了一个（见下文）。
就Seen标志而言，我现在收集它是这样的：
- 如果消息是新的/看不见的，IMAP 提取
\Seen标志将返回空（即它不会出现，与电子邮件消息相关）。
- 如果您在邮箱（收件箱）上执行 IMAP 选择，您会得到一个“标志”
UNSEEN，其中包含该文件夹中新的电子邮件的 id（或 uid）列表（没有\Seen标志）
- 在我的测试用例中，如果您使用 获取消息的标题
BODY.PEEK，则\Seen未设置消息；如果您使用 获取它们BODY，则\Seen设置为
- 在我的测试用例中，也
(RFC822)没有设置获取\Seen（与您使用 Gmail 的情况不同）
在测试用例中，我尝试做pprint.pprint(inspect.getmembers(mail))（代替你的dumpobj(uid, mail)）——但只有在我确定\Seen已经设置好之后。我得到的输出发布在mail_object_inspect.txt中——据我所知，在所有可读字段中都没有提到“new/read/seen”等；此外mail.as_string()打印：
'来自：jesse@example.com\n收件人：user@example.com\n主题：这是一条测试消息！\n\n你好。我是一家失败的投资银行\n贝尔斯登董事的执行助理。我有\n获得了 6,000,000 美元。...\n'
更糟糕的是，代码中的任何地方都没有提到“字段” imaplib（如果它们在任何地方都不包含不区分大小写的“字段”，则会打印下面的文件名）：
$ grep -L -i field /usr/lib/python{2.7,3.2}/imaplib.py
/usr/lib/python2.7/imaplib.py
/usr/lib/python3.2/imaplib.py
...所以我猜你的转储中没有保存这些信息。
这里有一些关于重构测试用例的内容。最难的是找到一个小型 IMAP 服务器，它可以与一些任意用户和电子邮件一起快速运行，而无需在系统上安装大量的东西。最后我找到了一个：trivial-server.pl，Perl 的Net::IMAP::Server的示例文件；在 Ubuntu 11.04 上测试。
测试用例粘贴在这个 gist中，有两个文件（有很多评论），我将尝试发布删节：
- trivial-serverB.pl - Perl (v5.10.1)
Net::IMAP::Server服务器（在带有 telnet 客户端会话的文件末尾有一个终端输出粘贴）
- testimap.py - Python 2.7/3.2
imaplib
客户端（在文件末尾有一个终端输出粘贴，它本身与服务器一起运行）
琐碎的服务器B.pl
首先，确保你有Net::IMAP::Server- 注意，它有很多依赖项，所以下面的命令可能需要一些时间来安装：
sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Net::IMAP::Server'
然后，在您获得的目录中trivial-serverB.pl，使用 SSL 证书创建一个子目录：
mkdir certs
openssl req \
-x509 -nodes -days 365 \
-subj '/C=US/ST=Oregon/L=Portland/CN=localhost' \
-newkey rsa:1024 -keyout certs/server-key.pem -out certs/server-cert.pem
最后运行具有管理属性的服务器：
sudo perl trivial-serverB.pl
请注意，它trivial-serverB.pl有一个黑客可以让客户端在没有 SSL 的情况下进行连接。这里是trivial-serverB.pl：
#!/usr/bin/perl
use v5.10.1;
use feature qw(say);
use Net::IMAP::Server;
package Demo::IMAP::Hack;
$INC{'Demo/IMAP/Hack.pm'} = 1;
sub capabilityb {
my $self = shift;
print STDERR "Capabilitin'\n";
my $base = $self->server->capability;
my @words = split " ", $base;
@words = grep {$_ ne "STARTTLS"} @words
if $self->is_encrypted;
unless ($self->auth) {
my $auth = $self->auth || $self->server->auth_class->new;
my @auth = $auth->sasl_provides;
# hack:
#unless ($self->is_encrypted) {
# # Lack of encrpytion makes us turn off all plaintext auth
# push @words, "LOGINDISABLED";
# @auth = grep {$_ ne "PLAIN"} @auth;
#}
push @words, map {"AUTH=$_"} @auth;
}
return join(" ", @words);
}
package Demo::IMAP::Auth;
$INC{'Demo/IMAP/Auth.pm'} = 1;
use base 'Net::IMAP::Server::DefaultAuth';
sub auth_plain {
my ( $self, $user, $pass ) = @_;
# XXX DO AUTH CHECK
$self->user($user);
return 1;
}
package Demo::IMAP::Model;
$INC{'Demo/IMAP/Model.pm'} = 1;
use base 'Net::IMAP::Server::DefaultModel';
sub init {
my $self = shift;
$self->root( Demo::IMAP::Mailbox->new() );
$self->root->add_child( name => "INBOX" );
}
###########################################
package Demo::IMAP::Mailbox;
use base qw/Net::IMAP::Server::Mailbox/;
use Data::Dumper;
my $data = <<'EOF';
From: jesse@example.com
To: user@example.com
Subject: This is a test message!
Hello. I am executive assistant to the director of
Bear Stearns, a failed investment Bank. I have
access to USD6,000,000. ...
EOF
my $msg = Net::IMAP::Server::Message->new($data);
sub load_data {
my $self = shift;
$self->add_message($msg);
}
my %ports = ( port => 143, ssl_port => 993 );
$ports{$_} *= 10 for grep {$> > 0} keys %ports;
$myserv = Net::IMAP::Server->new(
auth_class => "Demo::IMAP::Auth",
model_class => "Demo::IMAP::Model",
user => 'nobody',
log_level => 3, # at least 3 to output 'CONNECT TCP Peer: ...' message; 4 to output IMAP commands too
%ports,
);
# apparently, this overload MUST be after the new?! here:
{
no strict 'refs';
*Net::IMAP::Server::Connection::capability = \&Demo::IMAP::Hack::capabilityb;
}
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27206371/printing-addresses-of-perl-object-methods
say " -", $myserv->can('validate'), " -", $myserv->can('capability'), " -", \&Net::IMAP::Server::Connection::capability, " -", \&Demo::IMAP::Hack::capabilityb;
$myserv->run();
testimap.py
上面的服务器在一个终端中运行，在另一个终端中，您可以执行以下操作：
python testimap.py
该代码将简单地从上面的服务器呈现的一个（也是唯一一个）消息中读取字段和内容，并最终恢复（删除）该\Seen字段。
import sys
if sys.version_info[0] < 3: # python 2.7
def uttc(x):
return x
else: # python 3+
def uttc(x):
return x.decode("utf-8")
import imaplib
import email
import pprint,inspect
imap_user = 'nobody'
imap_password = 'whatever'
imap_server = 'localhost'
conn = imaplib.IMAP4(imap_server)
conn.debug = 3
try:
(retcode, capabilities) = conn.login(imap_user, imap_password)
except:
print(sys.exc_info()[1])
sys.exit(1)
# not conn.select(readonly=1), else we cannot modify the \Seen flag later
conn.select() # Select inbox or default namespace
(retcode, messages) = conn.search(None, '(UNSEEN)')
if retcode == 'OK':
for num in uttc(messages[0]).split(' '):
if not(num):
print("No messages available: num is `{0}`!".format(num))
break
print('Processing message: {0}'.format(num))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(FLAGS)')
isSeen = ( "Seen" in uttc(data[0]) )
print('Got flags: {2}: {0} .. {1}'.format(typ,data, # NEW: OK .. ['1 (FLAGS ())']
"Seen" if isSeen else "NEW"))
print('Peeking headers, message: {0} '.format(num))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(BODY.PEEK[HEADER])')
pprint.pprint(data)
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(FLAGS)')
isSeen = ( "Seen" in uttc(data[0]) )
print('Got flags: {2}: {0} .. {1}'.format(typ,data, # NEW: OK .. ['1 (FLAGS ())']
"Seen" if isSeen else "NEW"))
print('Get RFC822 body, message: {0} '.format(num))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(RFC822)')
mail = email.message_from_string(uttc(data[0][1]))
#pprint.pprint(inspect.getmembers(mail))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(FLAGS)')
isSeen = ( "Seen" in uttc(data[0]) )
print('Got flags: {2}: {0} .. {1}'.format(typ,data, # NEW: OK .. ['1 (FLAGS ())']
"Seen" if isSeen else "NEW"))
print('Get headers, message: {0} '.format(num))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(BODY[HEADER])') # note, FLAGS (\\Seen) is now in data, even if not explicitly requested!
pprint.pprint(data)
print('Get RFC822 body, message: {0} '.format(num))
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(RFC822)')
mail = email.message_from_string(uttc(data[0][1]))
pprint.pprint(inspect.getmembers(mail)) # this is in mail_object_inspect.txt
pprint.pprint(mail.as_string())
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(FLAGS)')
isSeen = ( "Seen" in uttc(data[0]) )
print('Got flags: {2}: {0} .. {1}'.format(typ,data, # Seen: OK .. ['1 (FLAGS (\\Seen))']
"Seen" if isSeen else "NEW"))
conn.select() # select again, to see flags server side
# * OK [UNSEEN 0] # no more unseen messages (if there was only one msg in folder)
print('Restoring flag to unseen/new, message: {0} '.format(num))
ret, data = conn.store(num,'-FLAGS','\\Seen')
if ret == 'OK':
print("Set back to unseen; Got OK: {0}{1}{2}".format(data,'\n',30*'-'))
print(mail)
typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(FLAGS)')
isSeen = ( "Seen" in uttc(data[0]) )
print('Got flags: {2}: {0} .. {1}'.format(typ,data, # NEW: OK .. [b'1 (FLAGS ())']
"Seen" if isSeen else "NEW"))
conn.close()
参考