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我正在按照 Michael Hartl 的教程开发 RoR 4 应用程序。

实施用户身份验证测试时，一切正常。我有比书中更多的必填字段，这里是模型：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  before_save { self.email = email.downcase }

  VALID_EMAIL_REGEX = /\A[\w+\-.]+@[a-z\d\-.]+\.[a-z]+\z/i
  validates :playground_id, presence: true
  validates :default_playground_id, presence: true
  validates :active_from, presence: true
  validates :active_to, presence: true
  validates :last_name, presence: true, length: { maximum: 100 }
  validates :login, presence: true, uniqueness: true, length: { maximum: 30 }
  validates :email, presence: true, uniqueness: true, length: { maximum: 100 }, format: { with: VALID_EMAIL_REGEX }
  validates :directory_id, length: { maximum: 100 }
  validates :first_name, length: { maximum: 100 }
  validates :password_digest, length: { maximum: 100 }
  validates :remember_token, length: { maximum: 100 }
  validates :created_by, length: { maximum: 30 }
  validates :updated_by, length: { maximum: 30 }

  has_secure_password

end

以下是仅与身份验证过程相关的测试：

###USER6 to test that password is correctly managed
  describe "when password is not present" do
    before do
      @user = User.new(playground_id: 0, default_playground_id: 0, last_name: "Other User", login: "OTHER_USR", 
    email: "other@example.com", active_from: "2013-01-01", active_to: "2113-01-01", is_admin: 1.zero?,
                 password: " ", password_confirmation: " ")
    end
    it { should_not be_valid }
  end

  describe "when password doesn't match confirmation" do
    before { @user.password_confirmation = "mismatch" }
    it { should_not be_valid }
  end

  describe "with a password that's too short" do
    before { @user.password = @user.password_confirmation = "a" * 5 }
    it { should be_invalid }
  end

  describe "return value of authenticate method" do
    before { @user.save }
    let(:found_user) { User.find_by(email: @user.email) }

    describe "with valid password" do
      it { should eq found_user.authenticate(@user.password) }
    end

    describe "with invalid password" do
      let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") }

      it { should_not eq user_for_invalid_password }
      specify { expect(user_for_invalid_password).to be_false }
    end
  end

### end

是的，它工作正常！以下是运行测试的结果：

Failures:

  1) User model validation: with a password that's too short should be invalid
     Failure/Error: it { should be_invalid }
       expected invalid? to return true, got false
     # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:171:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'

Finished in 0.28647 seconds
37 examples, 1 failure

Failed examples:

rspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:171 # User model validation: with a password that's too short should be invalid

Randomized with seed 18843

现在，如果我在 User 模型中添加密码长度验证：

...
  validates :created_by, length: { maximum: 30 }
  validates :updated_by, length: { maximum: 30 }

  has_secure_password
  validates :password, length: { minimum: 6 }

end

运行测试会返回有关未定义身份验证方法的错误，甚至会停止与身份验证无关的测试：

...
  5) User model validation: return value of authenticate method with invalid password 
     Failure/Error: let(:user_for_invalid_password) { found_user.authenticate("invalid") }
     NoMethodError:

       undefined method `authenticate' for nil:NilClass

     # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:183:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'
     # ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:186:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'

Finished in 0.29266 seconds

37 examples, 5 failures

Failed examples:

rspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:51 # User model validation: availability of mandatory fields should be valid
rspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:135 # User model validation: when email format is valid should be valid
rspec ./spec/models/user_spec.rb:179 # User model validation: return value of authenticate method with valid password 
...

这是什么原因，我该如何解决？

谢谢你的帮助，

弗雷德

PS：宝石文件

source 'https://rubygems.org'
ruby '2.0.0'

gem 'rails', '4.0.0'
gem 'bootstrap-sass', '2.3.2'
gem 'sass-rails',   '~> 4.0.0'
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.0.0'
gem 'uglifier', '2.1.2'
gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '~> 3.0.1'
gem 'jquery-rails', '~> 3.0.4'
gem 'turbolinks', '1.3.0'
gem 'jbuilder', '1.4.2'

group :doc do
  gem 'sdoc', '0.3.20', require: false
end

# gem for dev and test only
group :development, :test do
  gem 'sqlite3', :require => 'sqlite3'
  gem 'annotate', '2.5.0'
  gem 'rspec-rails', '2.14.0'
  gem 'selenium-webdriver', '2.33.0'
  gem 'capybara', '2.1.0'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails', '4.2.0'
end
4

1 回答 1

2

不查看所有代码很难说。

我认为问题出在这里

before { @user.save }
let(:found_user) { User.find_by(email: @user.email) }

当您添加密码长度验证时，变量@user变为无效。表示found_user为nil（记录未保存，无法找到）。然后你得到undefined method 'authenticate' for nil:NilClass.

我建议您在真正想要创建记录时使用save!并create!在测试中使用 - 如果有一些问题，您会立即看到它。

与身份验证无关但试图在数据库中保存无效记录的另一个测试可能是同样的原因。

于 2013-09-07T21:06:46.780 回答