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我可以使用 lambda 作为自定义删除器吗?事实上,我使用了一个 C++ 库,其中很多类使用创建/发布 API 进行实例生命管理(参见下面的示例)

class FileInterface
{
public:
    virtual ~FileInterface() {}

    virtual bool isValid() = 0 ;
    virtual void release() = 0;
};

class RealFile : public FileInterface
{
public:
    static int createFileInterface(const std::string& filename, FileInterface*& pFileInst) 
    {
        try {
            pFileInst = new RealFile(filename);
        } catch (...){
          return -1;
        }   
        return 0;
    }
    virtual bool isValid() { return (m_pFile != NULL);}
    virtual void release() { delete this;}

protected:
    RealFile(const std::string& filename) : m_pFile(NULL) { m_pFile = fopen(filename.c_str(), "wb"); if(m_pFile == NULL) {throw std::runtime_error("error while opening file.");} }
    ~RealFile() {
        std::cout << "DTOR" << std::endl;
        fclose(m_pFile); 
    }
private:
    FILE* m_pFile;
};

所以要使用我需要自己处理的那种类release(在每次返回,抛出等......)。

FileInterface* pFile = nullptr;
int ret = RealFile::createFileInterface("test.bin", pFile);
std::cout << "isValid = " << pFile->isValid() << std::endl;
pFile->release();

所以我会使用智能指针来处理创建/发布逻辑。我的第一步是处理删除器,它工作正常

auto smartDeleter = [](FileInterface* ptr){ptr->release();};
FileInterface* pFile = nullptr;
int ret = RealFile::createFileInterface("test.bin", pFile);
std::unique_ptr<FileInterface, decltype(smartDeleter)> smartFile(pFile);
std::cout << "isValid = " << smartFile->isValid() << std::endl;

但在第二步中,我为创建逻辑编写了一个 lambda:

auto smartAllocator = [](const std::string& filename){
    FileInterface* pFile = nullptr;
    int ret = RealFile::createFileInterface(filename, pFile);
    if (ret != 0) return nullptr;
    else return pFile;
};

编译器报告错误:

CreateReleasePattern.cpp(65): error C3487: 'FileInterface *': all return expressions in a lambda must have the same type: previously it was 'nullptr'
1>CreateReleasePattern.cpp(65): error C2440: 'return' : cannot convert from 'FileInterface *' to 'nullptr'
1>          nullptr can only be converted to pointer or handle typesCreateReleasePattern.cpp(65): error C3487: 'FileInterface *': all return expressions in a lambda must have the same type: previously it was 'nullptr'
1>CreateReleasePattern.cpp(65): error C2440: 'return' : cannot convert from 'FileInterface *' to 'nullptr'
1>          nullptr can only be converted to pointer or handle types

我该如何解决?我可以在 FileInterface 上写一个可转换的运算符吗?

4

1 回答 1

4

lambda 必须指定其返回类型,除非它由单个return语句组成。将来,这些规则可能会放宽以允许多个return语句;但即便如此,它们都必须是相同的类型,以便函数的返回类型是明确的。您的函数根据到达的语句返回nullptr_t或返回。FileInterface*return

Lambda 语法仅允许尾随返回类型,因此您需要:

[](const std::string& filename) -> FileInterface* {
    // your code here
}
于 2013-09-04T14:18:25.093 回答