我收到一条编译 Fortran 95 程序的错误消息：
$ gfortran test_SELECT_REAL_KIND.f90
test_SELECT_REAL_KIND.f90:148.23:
tINTEGER_12=12345678911
1
Error: Integer too big for its kind at (1). This check can be disabled with the option -fno-range-check
该程序看起来像 test_SELECT_REAL_KIND.f90：
program test
IMPLICIT NONE
real :: r
r = 4.34
call test_sel_real_kind()
call test_sel_int_kind()
call test_sel_real_kind_on_int()
contains
subroutine test_sel_real_kind()
IMPLICIT NONE
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG1 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=1)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG2 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=2)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG3 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=3)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG4 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=4)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG5 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=5)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG6 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=6)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG7 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=7)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG8 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=8)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG9 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=9)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG10 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=10)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG11 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=11)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG12 = SELECTED_REAL_KIND(p=12)
INTEGER(KIND=LONG1) :: tlong1
INTEGER(KIND=LONG2) :: tlong2
INTEGER(KIND=LONG3) :: tlong3
INTEGER(KIND=LONG4) :: tlong4
INTEGER(KIND=LONG5) :: tlong5
INTEGER(KIND=LONG6) :: tlong6
INTEGER(KIND=LONG7) :: tlong7
INTEGER*8 :: tlong8
INTEGER(KIND=LONG9) :: tlong9
INTEGER(KIND=LONG10) :: tlong10
INTEGER(KIND=LONG11) :: tlong11
INTEGER(KIND=LONG12) :: tlong12
write(*,*)' '
write(*,*)'Testing INTEGER SELECTED_REAL_KIND values '
write(*,*)' longs1 = ', tlong1,' at KIND =', LONG1
write(*,*)' longs2 = ', tlong2,' at KIND =', LONG2
write(*,*)' longs3 = ', tlong3,' at KIND =', LONG3
write(*,*)' longs4 = ', tlong4,' at KIND =', LONG4
write(*,*)' longs5 = ', tlong5,' at KIND =', LONG5
write(*,*)' longs6 = ', tlong6,' at KIND =', LONG6
write(*,*)' longs7 = ', tlong7,' at KIND =', LONG7
write(*,*)' longs8 = ', tlong8,' at KIND =', LONG8
write(*,*)' longs9 = ', tlong9,' at KIND =', LONG9
write(*,*)' longs10 = ', tlong10,' at KIND =', LONG10
write(*,*)' longs11 = ', tlong11,' at KIND =', LONG11
write(*,*)' longs12 = ', tlong12,' at KIND =', LONG12
write(*,*)' '
end subroutine test_sel_real_kind
subroutine test_sel_real_kind_on_int()
IMPLICIT NONE
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG1 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=1)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG2 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=2)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG3 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=3)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG4 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=4)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG5 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=5)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG6 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=6)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG7 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=7)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG8 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=8)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG9 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=9)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG10 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=10)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG11 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=11)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG12 = SELECTED_real_KIND(p=12)
REAL(KIND=LONG1) :: treal_1
REAL(KIND=LONG2) :: treal_2
REAL(KIND=LONG3) :: treal_3
REAL(KIND=LONG4) :: treal_4
REAL(KIND=LONG5) :: treal_5
REAL(KIND=LONG6) :: treal_6
REAL(KIND=LONG7) :: treal_7
REAL(KIND=LONG8) :: treal_8
REAL(KIND=LONG9) :: treal_9
REAL(KIND=LONG10) :: treal_10
REAL(KIND=LONG11) :: treal_11
REAL(KIND=LONG12) :: treal_12
!treal_12=12345678911
write(*,*)' '
write(*,*)'Testing REAL SELECTED_REAL_KIND values '
write(*,*)' treal_1 = ', treal_1
write(*,*)' treal_2 = ', treal_2
write(*,*)' treal_3 = ', treal_3
write(*,*)' treal_4 = ', treal_4
write(*,*)' treal_5 = ', treal_5
write(*,*)' treal_6 = ', treal_6
write(*,*)' treal_7 = ', treal_7
write(*,*)' treal_8 = ', treal_8
write(*,*)' treal_9 = ', treal_9
write(*,*)' treal_10 = ', treal_10
write(*,*)' treal_11 = ', treal_11
write(*,*)' treal_12 = ', treal_12
write(*,*)' '
end subroutine test_sel_real_kind_on_int
subroutine test_sel_int_kind()
IMPLICIT NONE
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG1 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(1)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG2 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(2)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG3 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(3)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG4 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(4)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG5 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(5)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG6 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(6)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG7 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(7)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG8 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(8)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG9 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(9)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG10 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(10)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG11 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(11)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LONG12 = SELECTED_INT_KIND(12)
INTEGER(KIND=LONG1) :: tINTEGER_1
INTEGER(KIND=LONG2) :: tINTEGER_2
INTEGER(KIND=LONG3) :: tINTEGER_3
INTEGER(KIND=LONG4) :: tINTEGER_4
INTEGER(KIND=LONG5) :: tINTEGER_5
INTEGER(KIND=LONG6) :: tINTEGER_6
INTEGER(KIND=LONG7) :: tINTEGER_7
INTEGER(KIND=LONG8) :: tINTEGER_8
INTEGER(KIND=LONG9) :: tINTEGER_9
INTEGER(KIND=LONG10) :: tINTEGER_10
INTEGER(KIND=LONG11) :: tINTEGER_11
INTEGER(KIND=LONG12) :: tINTEGER_12
tINTEGER_12=12345678911
write(*,*)' '
write(*,*)'Testing INTEGER SELECTED_INT_KIND values '
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_1 = ', tINTEGER_1,' at KIND =', LONG1
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_2 = ', tINTEGER_2,' at KIND =', LONG2
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_3 = ', tINTEGER_3,' at KIND =', LONG3
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_4 = ', tINTEGER_4,' at KIND =', LONG4
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_5 = ', tINTEGER_5,' at KIND =', LONG5
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_6 = ', tINTEGER_6,' at KIND =', LONG6
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_7 = ', tINTEGER_7,' at KIND =', LONG7
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_8 = ', tINTEGER_8,' at KIND =', LONG8
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_9 = ', tINTEGER_9,' at KIND =', LONG9
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_10 = ', tINTEGER_10,' at KIND =', LONG10
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_11 = ', tINTEGER_11,' at KIND =', LONG11
write(*,*)' tINTEGER_12 = ', tINTEGER_12,' at KIND =', LONG12
write(*,*)' '
end subroutine test_sel_int_kind
end program test
如果我删除错误行，程序的输出看起来很完美：
./a.out
Testing INTEGER SELECTED_REAL_KIND values
longs1 = 32648 at KIND = 4
longs2 = 0 at KIND = 4
longs3 = 4202624 at KIND = 4
longs4 = 0 at KIND = 4
longs5 = 54 at KIND = 4
longs6 = 0 at KIND = 4
longs7 = 54 at KIND = 8
longs8 = 140223278864517 at KIND = 8
longs9 = 140735383116288 at KIND = 8
longs10 = 7595935609892856681 at KIND = 8
longs11 = 140735383119738 at KIND = 8
longs12 = 7 at KIND = 8
Testing INTEGER SELECTED_INT_KIND values
tINTEGER_1 = 0 at KIND = 1
tINTEGER_2 = 0 at KIND = 1
tINTEGER_3 = 0 at KIND = 2
tINTEGER_4 = 64 at KIND = 2
tINTEGER_5 = 0 at KIND = 4
tINTEGER_6 = 54 at KIND = 4
tINTEGER_7 = 0 at KIND = 4
tINTEGER_8 = 32 at KIND = 4
tINTEGER_9 = 0 at KIND = 4
tINTEGER_10 = 7595935609892856681 at KIND = 8
tINTEGER_11 = 140735383119738 at KIND = 8
tINTEGER_12 = 7 at KIND = 8
Testing REAL SELECTED_REAL_KIND values
treal_1 = 4.57495923E-41
treal_2 = 0.0000000
treal_3 = 5.88913056E-39
treal_4 = 0.0000000
treal_5 = 7.56701171E-44
treal_6 = 0.0000000
treal_7 = 2.66795448754273134E-322
treal_8 = 6.92795048341748080E-310
treal_9 = 6.95325179520640954E-310
treal_10 = 6.26338127621884380E+199
treal_11 = 6.95325179537686219E-310
treal_12 = 3.45845952088872581E-323
那么为什么我会得到这个错误呢？你能在你的机器上试一试，然后给我一些关于错误的背景信息吗？那会很好！