我创建了一个使用 GCM 功能的应用程序。当我将消息从服务器发布到设备作为响应时，我得到了消息 ID。当我再次运行应用程序时从服务器发送消息后，我会在设备上收到响应。一旦安装了应用程序，当服务器发送消息时，它不会像 GMAIL 通知那样作为通知出现，它将显示通知。我正在发布我的完整服务器和客户端代码。请帮助我解决问题。
我遇到的问题：当我再次运行我的 android 应用程序时，我在显示消息时从服务器端发送的内容，但我希望它作为我从服务器发送的通知...
服务器端代码
/**
* Servlet implementation class GCMBroadcast
*/
@WebServlet("/GCMBroadcast")
public class GCMBroadcast extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private static final String SENDER_ID = "";
private static final String ANDROID_DEVICE = "";
private List<String> androidTargets = new ArrayList<String>();
public GCMBroadcast() {
super();
androidTargets.add(ANDROID_DEVICE);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String collapseKey = "";
String userMessage = "";
try {
userMessage = request.getParameter("Message");
collapseKey = request.getParameter("CollapseKey");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return;
}
Sender sender = new Sender(SENDER_ID);
Message message = new Message.Builder()
.collapseKey(collapseKey)
.timeToLive(30)
.delayWhileIdle(true)
.addData("message", userMessage)
.build();
try {
MulticastResult result = sender.send(message, androidTargets, 1);
System.out.println("Response: " + result.getResults().toString());
if (result.getResults() != null) {
int canonicalRegId = result.getCanonicalIds();
if (canonicalRegId != 0) {
System.out.println("response " +canonicalRegId );
}
} else {
int error = result.getFailure();
System.out.println("Broadcast failure: " + error);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
request.setAttribute("CollapseKey", collapseKey);
request.setAttribute("Message", userMessage);
request.getRequestDispatcher("index.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
}
演示活动代码
public class DemoActivity extends Activity {
public static final String EXTRA_MESSAGE = "message";
public static final String PROPERTY_REG_ID = "registration_id";
private static final String PROPERTY_APP_VERSION = "appVersion";
private static final int PLAY_SERVICES_RESOLUTION_REQUEST = 9000;
/**
* Substitute you own sender ID here. This is the project number you got
* from the API Console, as described in "Getting Started."
*/
String SENDER_ID = "";
/**
* Tag used on log messages.
*/
static final String TAG = "GCM Demo";
TextView mDisplay;
GoogleCloudMessaging gcm;
AtomicInteger msgId = new AtomicInteger();
Context context;
String regid;
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mDisplay = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.display);
context = getApplicationContext();
// Check device for Play Services APK. If check succeeds, proceed with GCM registration.
if (checkPlayServices()) {
gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(this);
regid = getRegistrationId(context);
Log.d("Registration id ", regid+"");
if (regid.isEmpty()) {
registerInBackground();
}
} else {
Log.i(TAG, "No valid Google Play Services APK found.");
}
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
// Check device for Play Services APK.
checkPlayServices();
}
/**
* Check the device to make sure it has the Google Play Services APK. If
* it doesn't, display a dialog that allows users to download the APK from
* the Google Play Store or enable it in the device's system settings.
*/
private boolean checkPlayServices() {
int resultCode = GooglePlayServicesUtil.isGooglePlayServicesAvailable(this);
if (resultCode != ConnectionResult.SUCCESS) {
if (GooglePlayServicesUtil.isUserRecoverableError(resultCode)) {
GooglePlayServicesUtil.getErrorDialog(resultCode, this,
PLAY_SERVICES_RESOLUTION_REQUEST).show();
} else {
Log.i(TAG, "This device is not supported.");
finish();
}
return false;
}
return true;
}
/**
* Stores the registration ID and the app versionCode in the application's
* {@code SharedPreferences}.
*
* @param context application's context.
* @param regId registration ID
*/
private void storeRegistrationId(Context context, String regId) {
final SharedPreferences prefs = getGcmPreferences(context);
int appVersion = getAppVersion(context);
Log.i(TAG, "Saving regId on app version " + appVersion);
SharedPreferences.Editor editor = prefs.edit();
editor.putString(PROPERTY_REG_ID, regId);
editor.putInt(PROPERTY_APP_VERSION, appVersion);
editor.commit();
}
/**
* Gets the current registration ID for application on GCM service, if there is one.
* <p>
* If result is empty, the app needs to register.
*
* @return registration ID, or empty string if there is no existing
* registration ID.
*/
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
private String getRegistrationId(Context context) {
final SharedPreferences prefs = getGcmPreferences(context);
String registrationId = prefs.getString(PROPERTY_REG_ID, "");
if (registrationId.isEmpty()) {
Log.i(TAG, "Registration not found.");
return "";
}
// Check if app was updated; if so, it must clear the registration ID
// since the existing regID is not guaranteed to work with the new
// app version.
int registeredVersion = prefs.getInt(PROPERTY_APP_VERSION, Integer.MIN_VALUE);
int currentVersion = getAppVersion(context);
if (registeredVersion != currentVersion) {
Log.i(TAG, "App version changed.");
return "";
}
return registrationId;
}
/**
* Registers the application with GCM servers asynchronously.
* <p>
* Stores the registration ID and the app versionCode in the application's
* shared preferences.
*/
private void registerInBackground() {
new AsyncTask<Void, Void, String>() {
@Override
protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
String msg = "";
try {
if (gcm == null) {
gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(context);
}
regid = gcm.register(SENDER_ID);
Log.d("registration Id", regid+"");
msg = "Device registered, registration ID=" + regid;
// You should send the registration ID to your server over HTTP, so it
// can use GCM/HTTP or CCS to send messages to your app.
sendRegistrationIdToBackend();
// For this demo: we don't need to send it because the device will send
// upstream messages to a server that echo back the message using the
// 'from' address in the message.
// Persist the regID - no need to register again.
storeRegistrationId(context, regid);
} catch (IOException ex) {
msg = "Error :" + ex.getMessage();
// If there is an error, don't just keep trying to register.
// Require the user to click a button again, or perform
// exponential back-off.
}
return msg;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String msg) {
mDisplay.append(msg + "\n");
}
}.execute(null, null, null);
}
// Send an upstream message.
public void onClick(final View view) {
if (view == findViewById(R.id.send)) {
new AsyncTask<Void, Void, String>() {
@Override
protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
String msg = "";
try {
Bundle data = new Bundle();
data.putString("my_message", "Hello World");
data.putString("my_action", "com.google.android.gcm.demo.app.ECHO_NOW");
String id = Integer.toString(msgId.incrementAndGet());
gcm.send(SENDER_ID + "@gcm.googleapis.com", id, data);
msg = "Sent message";
} catch (IOException ex) {
msg = "Error :" + ex.getMessage();
}
return msg;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String msg) {
mDisplay.append(msg + "\n");
}
}.execute(null, null, null);
} else if (view == findViewById(R.id.clear)) {
mDisplay.setText("");
}
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
}
/**
* @return Application's version code from the {@code PackageManager}.
*/
private static int getAppVersion(Context context) {
try {
PackageInfo packageInfo = context.getPackageManager()
.getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(), 0);
return packageInfo.versionCode;
} catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
// should never happen
throw new RuntimeException("Could not get package name: " + e);
}
}
/**
* @return Application's {@code SharedPreferences}.
*/
private SharedPreferences getGcmPreferences(Context context) {
// This sample app persists the registration ID in shared preferences, but
// how you store the regID in your app is up to you.
return getSharedPreferences(DemoActivity.class.getSimpleName(),
Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
}
/**
* Sends the registration ID to your server over HTTP, so it can use GCM/HTTP or CCS to send
* messages to your app. Not needed for this demo since the device sends upstream messages
* to a server that echoes back the message using the 'from' address in the message.
*/
private void sendRegistrationIdToBackend() {
// Your implementation here.
}
}
GCMBroadCastReciver
public class GcmBroadcastReceiver extends WakefulBroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// Explicitly specify that GcmIntentService will handle the intent.
ComponentName comp = new ComponentName(context.getPackageName(),
GcmIntentService.class.getName());
// Start the service, keeping the device awake while it is launching.
startWakefulService(context, (intent.setComponent(comp)));
setResultCode(Activity.RESULT_OK);
}
}
GCMIntentService
public class GcmIntentService extends IntentService {
public static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 1;
private NotificationManager mNotificationManager;
NotificationCompat.Builder builder;
public GcmIntentService() {
super("GcmIntentService");
}
public static final String TAG = "GCM Demo";
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
GoogleCloudMessaging gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(this);
// The getMessageType() intent parameter must be the intent you received
// in your BroadcastReceiver.
String messageType = gcm.getMessageType(intent);
if (!extras.isEmpty()) { // has effect of unparcelling Bundle
/*
* Filter messages based on message type. Since it is likely that GCM will be
* extended in the future with new message types, just ignore any message types you're
* not interested in, or that you don't recognize.
*/
if (GoogleCloudMessaging.MESSAGE_TYPE_SEND_ERROR.equals(messageType)) {
sendNotification("Send error: " + extras.toString());
} else if (GoogleCloudMessaging.MESSAGE_TYPE_DELETED.equals(messageType)) {
sendNotification("Deleted messages on server: " + extras.toString());
// If it's a regular GCM message, do some work.
} else if (GoogleCloudMessaging.MESSAGE_TYPE_MESSAGE.equals(messageType)) {
// This loop represents the service doing some work.
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
Log.i(TAG, "Working... " + (i + 1)
+ "/5 @ " + SystemClock.elapsedRealtime());
try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
Log.i(TAG, "Completed work @ " + SystemClock.elapsedRealtime());
// Post notification of received message.
sendNotification("Received: " + extras.toString());
Log.i(TAG, "Received: " + extras.toString());
}
}
// Release the wake lock provided by the WakefulBroadcastReceiver.
GcmBroadcastReceiver.completeWakefulIntent(intent);
}
// Put the message into a notification and post it.
// This is just one simple example of what you might choose to do with
// a GCM message.
private void sendNotification(String msg) {
mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager)
this.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
new Intent(this, DemoActivity.class), 0);
Log.d("Notification Message==", msg);
NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder =
new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_stat_gcm)
.setContentTitle("Iween Notification")
.setStyle(new NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle()
.bigText(msg))
.setContentText(msg);
Uri notificationSound = RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION);
mBuilder.setSound(notificationSound);
mBuilder.setContentIntent(contentIntent);
mNotificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, mBuilder.build());
}
}
清单.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
- Copyright 2013 Google Inc.
-
- Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
- use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
- of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
- WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
- License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
- under the License.
-->
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.newgcmproject" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0">
<!-- GCM requires Android SDK version 2.2 (API level 8) or above. -->
<!-- The targetSdkVersion is optional, but it's always a good practice
to target higher versions. -->
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" android:targetSdkVersion="16"/>
<!-- GCM connects to Google Services. -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<!-- GCM requires a Google account. -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" />
<!-- Keeps the processor from sleeping when a message is received. -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<!--
Creates a custom permission so only this app can receive its messages.
NOTE: the permission *must* be called PACKAGE.permission.C2D_MESSAGE,
where PACKAGE is the application's package name.
-->
<permission android:name="com.example.newgcmproject.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"
android:protectionLevel="signature" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.example.newgcmproject.permission.C2D_MESSAGE" />
<!-- This app has permission to register and receive data message. -->
<uses-permission
android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE" />
<!-- Main activity. -->
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<activity
android:name=".DemoActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
android:launchMode="singleTop">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<!--
WakefulBroadcastReceiver that will receive intents from GCM
services and hand them to the custom IntentService.
The com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND permission is necessary
so only GCM services can send data messages for the app.
-->
<receiver
android:name=".GcmBroadcastReceiver"
android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND" >
<intent-filter>
<!-- Receives the actual messages. -->
<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />
<category android:name="com.google.android.gcm.demo.app" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<service android:name=".GcmIntentService" />
</application>
</manifest>
即使我在从服务器端发送消息时收到消息 ID，我的设备上也没有收到任何通知。
编辑 现在我对我的代码做了一些更改。我收到服务不可用的异常