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好的，所以我已经有几个月没有使用 C++了，而我的一个问题一直是使用多个标头。目前我的问题是我所有的类标题都链接到 .cpp 文件使用的主标题。我正在使用 ifndef 来确保没有重复，但我认为问题是由于我的构建输出正在编译一组文件时

1>  student.cpp
1>  person.cpp
1>  main.cpp
1>  functions.cpp
1>  faculty.cpp
1>  Generating Code...
1>functions.obj : error LNK2005: "class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > & __cdecl operator<<(class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > &,struct Address)" (??6@YAAAV?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@AAV01@UAddress@@@Z) already defined in faculty.obj
1>functions.obj : error LNK2005: "class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > & __cdecl operator<<(class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > &,struct Name)" (??6@YAAAV?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@AAV01@UName@@@Z) already defined in faculty.obj
1>main.obj : error LNK2005: "class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > & __cdecl operator<<(class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > &,struct Address)" (??6@YAAAV?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@AAV01@UAddress@@@Z) already defined in faculty.obj
1>main.obj : error LNK2005: "class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > & __cdecl operator<<(class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > &,struct Name)" (??6@YAAAV?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@AAV01@UName@@@Z) already defined in faculty.obj
1>person.obj : error LNK2005: "class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char>     > & __cdecl operator<<(class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > &,struct Address)" (??6@YAAAV?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@AAV01@UAddress@@@Z) already defined in faculty.obj
1>person.obj : error LNK2005: "class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > & __cdecl operator<<(class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > &,struct Name)" (??6@YAAAV?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@AAV01@UName@@@Z) already defined in faculty.obj
1>student.obj : error LNK2005: "class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > & __cdecl operator<<(class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > &,struct Address)" (??6@YAAAV?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@AAV01@UAddress@@@Z) already defined in faculty.obj
1>student.obj : error LNK2005: "class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > & __cdecl operator<<(class std::basic_ostream<char,struct std::char_traits<char> > &,struct Name)" (??6@YAAAV?$basic_ostream@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@@std@@AAV01@UName@@@Z) already defined in faculty.obj
1>C:\Users\Fluzzarn\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\pa1\Debug\pa1.exe : fatal error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found
1>
1>Build FAILED.
1>
1>Time Elapsed 00:00:02.24

所有的 cpp 文件只包括我的“header.h”，它本身包括所有其他头文件。

页眉.h：

#ifndef HEADER_H
#define HEADER_H


#include "person.h"
#include "faculty.h"
#include "student.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <list>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;

bool searchForUser();
void loadFromFile(std::string fileName, std::list<Person> targetList);
void loadBasicInfo(std::fstream& fileReader,Person tempPerson);

#endif

我一直在努力解决这个问题一个多小时，任何见解都将不胜感激

编辑：

重载<<

std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,const Address ad)
{
    os << ad.mStreetAddress << std::endl;
    os << ad.mCity << " , " << ad.mState << std::endl;
    os << ad.mZip;

    return os;

};

地址是一个结构

4

1 回答 1

2

您将函数定义放在 .cpp 文件中，就像评论说的那样。为防止“未找到运算符”错误，您必须将函数声明保留在头文件中：

 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os,const Address ad);

不要忘记行尾的分号。请注意，声明仅包含函数头，没有正文。

你应该通过ad作为参考，但这只是一个小细节，与你的问题无关。

于 2013-08-29T00:53:21.413 回答