我在 Windows Server Enterprise 2008 上使用 IIS 7 生成了一个自签名证书以用于 IIS(基本上是一键式按钮)。
但是,即使我将此证书导出并添加到 Windows 客户端的 curl-ca-bundle.crt 中,它和 openssl.exe 都不会正确验证证书:
openssl s_client -CAfile curl-ca-bundle.crt -showcerts -connect myserver.ad.pri:443
CONNECTED(00000003)
depth=0 /CN=myserver.ad.pri
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
verify return:1
depth=0 /CN=myserver.ad.pri
verify error:num=21:unable to verify the first certificate
verify return:1
---
Certificate chain
0 s:/CN=myserver.ad.pri
i:/CN=myserver.ad.pri
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDADCCAeigAwIBAgIQTi9gdBLdo6pJ1h4Zljr/wzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADAp
....
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
---
Server certificate
subject=/CN=myserver.ad.pri
issuer=/CN=myserver.ad.pri
---
No client certificate CA names sent
---
SSL handshake has read 924 bytes and written 444 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is AES128-SHA
Server public key is 2048 bit
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
SSL-Session:
Protocol : TLSv1
Cipher : AES128-SHA
Session-ID:
Session-ID-ctx:
Master-Key:
Key-Arg : None
Start Time: 1377728216
Timeout : 300 (sec)
Verify return code: 21 (unable to verify the first certificate)
---
read:errno=104
我使用 IE 将证书导出为 Base-64 Encoded,它是可作为 PEM 读取的 openssl:openssl x509 -inform PEM -in myserver.crt -text
Certificate:
Data:
Version: 3 (0x2)
Serial Number:
4e:2f:60:74:12:dd:a3:aa:49:d6:1e:19:96:3a:ff:c3
Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
Issuer: CN=myserver.ad.pri
Validity
Not Before: Aug 26 15:38:46 2013 GMT
Not After : Aug 26 00:00:00 2014 GMT
Subject: CN=myserver.ad.pri
Subject Public Key Info:
Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
RSA Public Key: (2048 bit)
Modulus (2048 bit):
....
Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Key Usage:
Key Encipherment, Data Encipherment
X509v3 Extended Key Usage:
TLS Web Server Authentication
Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption
...
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
....
具有相同 curl-ca-bundle.crt 的 openssl/curl 将验证来自 google.com:443 等的证书。