java - hibernate 如何解析架构以对 Teradata 数据库进行初始验证？

Question

环境：

Java/Spring 应用程序使用 JPA/Hibernate 进行持久性并连接到通过 JNDI 访问的应用程序容器 (Tomcat) 中配置的 Teradata 数据源。

我正在使用的版本：

java: 6
spring: 3.2.4.RELEASE
hibernate.core: 4.2.4.Final
hibernate.entitymanager: 4.2.4.Final
hibernate.validator: 5.0.1.Final
springdata: 1.3.4.RELEASE
javax.validation: 1.1.0.Final

问题：

同一服务器中有两个 Teradata 数据库，它们具有相同的命名表但具有不同的列：

DatDe001.SFITEM
Columns: [iipcst, iidesc, iivend, updated_at, iisku#, created_at, item_expdt, item_effdt]

DEV_DIG_UMT.SFITEM
Columns: [iipcst, iidesc, iivend, row_updt_tms, iisku#, row_insrt_tms, item_expdt, item_effdt]

如您所见，不同的列是 updated_at -> row_updt_tms和 created_at -> row_insrt_tms

我正在使用使用此 jdbc url 配置的 JNDI 数据源：

jdbc:teradata://<server_ip>/DATABASE=DEV_DIG_UMT,DBS_PORT=1025,COP=OFF,CHARSET=UTF8,TMODE=ANSI

假设 jdbc 连接将使用该 jdbc url 中的 DATABASE 值解析表的位置。然而，Hibernate 似乎采取了错误的做法：DatDe001.SFITEM在执行初始模式验证时，即在 Spring 尝试创建 EntityManagerFactory bean 的上下文初始化时刻：

2013-08-15 13:32:03,635 INFO localhost-startStop-1 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata - HHH000261: Table found: DatDe001.SFITEM
2013-08-15 13:32:03,635 INFO localhost-startStop-1 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata - HHH000037: Columns: [iipcst, iidesc, iivend, updated_at, iisku#, created_at, item_expdt, item_effdt]

因此，由于我的 JPA 实体（请参阅帖子下面的实体）没有这些列，因此休眠验证会引发异常（请参阅汇总的堆栈跟踪）：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor#0': Initialization of bean failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in file [C:\APP\springsource\vfabric-tc-server-developer-2.9.2.RELEASE\base-instance\wtpwebapps\profile-items\WEB-INF\classes\META-INF\spring\applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: persistenceUnit] Unable to build EntityManagerFactory
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:529)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458)
...
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in file [C:\APP\springsource\vfabric-tc-server-developer-2.9.2.RELEASE\base-instance\wtpwebapps\profile-items\WEB-INF\classes\META-INF\spring\applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: persistenceUnit] Unable to build EntityManagerFactory
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1482)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:521)
...
Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: [PersistenceUnit: persistenceUnit] Unable to build EntityManagerFactory
            at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:924)
            at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:899)
...
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Missing column: row_updt_tms in DatDe001.SFITEM
at org.hibernate.mapping.Table.validateColumns(Table.java:366)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.validateSchema(Configuration.java:1305)
at org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaValidator.validate(SchemaValidator.java:155)
at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.<init>(SessionFactoryImpl.java:508)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1790)
at org.hibernate.ejb.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.<init>(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:96)
at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:914)

在我看到之后，我想知道在通过 JPA/hibernate 对数据库执行查询语句时这种行为是否会持续存在，或者在这种情况下它是否会指向正确的表。

然后仅出于调查目的，我将 JPA 实体更改为与 DatDe001.SFITEM 表具有相同的列：

@Entity
public class Sfitem implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @EmbeddedId
    private SfitemPK id;

    @Column(name="\"iidesc\"")
    private String iidesc;

    @Column(name="\"iipcst\"")
    private BigDecimal iipcst;

    @Column(name="\"iivend\"")
    private BigDecimal iivend;

    @Temporal
    @Column(name="\"item_expdt\"")
    private Date itemExpdt;

    @Temporal
    @Column(name="\"created_at\"")
    private Date createdAt;

    @Temporal
    @Column(name="\"updated_at\"")
    private Date updatedAt;

    ...
}

我启动了应用程序并成功加载。现在日志看起来不错，而不是显示异常：

...
2013-08-15 14:42:52,056 INFO localhost-startStop-1 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata - HHH000261: Table found: DatDe001.SFITEM
2013-08-15 14:42:52,056 INFO localhost-startStop-1 org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata - HHH000037: Columns: [iipcst, iidesc, iivend, updated_at, iisku#, created_at, item_expdt, item_effdt]
2013-08-15 14:42:52,061 DEBUG localhost-startStop-1 org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl - Checking 0 named HQL queries
2013-08-15 14:42:52,061 DEBUG localhost-startStop-1 org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl - Checking 0 named SQL queries
2013-08-15 14:42:52,063 TRACE localhost-startStop-1 org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl - Initializing service [role=org.hibernate.service.config.spi.ConfigurationService]
2013-08-15 14:42:52,113 TRACE localhost-startStop-1 org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl - Initializing service [role=org.hibernate.stat.spi.StatisticsImplementor]
...

我尝试对表执行查询，并惊讶地发现这次 Hibernate 指向正确的数据库/模式：DEV_DIG_UMT，查询失败，因为现在实体具有另一个数据库的列：DatDe001，请参阅日志：

2013-08-15 14:50:05,731 TRACE tomcat-http--4 org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.QueryPlanCache - Located HQL query plan in cache (SELECT o FROM Sfitem o WHERE o.id.iisku = :iisku AND o.id.itemEffdt <= :date AND coalesce(o.itemExpdt, cast('9999-12-31' as date)) >= :date)
2013-08-15 14:50:05,766 TRACE tomcat-http--4 org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.QueryPlanCache - Located HQL query plan in cache (SELECT o FROM Sfitem o WHERE o.id.iisku = :iisku AND o.id.itemEffdt <= :date AND coalesce(o.itemExpdt, cast('9999-12-31' as date)) >= :date)
2013-08-15 14:50:05,768 TRACE tomcat-http--4 org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan - Find: SELECT o FROM Sfitem o WHERE o.id.iisku = :iisku AND o.id.itemEffdt <= :date AND coalesce(o.itemExpdt, cast('9999-12-31' as date)) >= :date
2013-08-15 14:50:05,772 TRACE tomcat-http--4 org.hibernate.engine.spi.QueryParameters - Named parameters: {iisku=387671, date=2013-08-08}
2013-08-15 14:50:05,810 DEBUG tomcat-http--4 org.hibernate.SQL - select sfitem0_."iisku#" as iisku1_0_, sfitem0_."item_effdt" as item_eff2_0_, sfitem0_."created_at" as created_3_0_, sfitem0_."iidesc" as iidesc4_0_, sfitem0_."iipcst" as iipcst5_0_, sfitem0_."iivend" as iivend6_0_, sfitem0_."item_expdt" as item_exp7_0_ from sfitem sfitem0_ where sfitem0_."iisku#"=? and sfitem0_."item_effdt"<=? and coalesce(sfitem0_."item_expdt", cast('9999-12-31' as DATE))>=?
2013-08-15 14:50:05,832 DEBUG tomcat-http--4 org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper - could not prepare statement [select sfitem0_."iisku#" as iisku1_0_, sfitem0_."item_effdt" as item_eff2_0_, sfitem0_."created_at" as created_3_0_, sfitem0_."iidesc" as iidesc4_0_, sfitem0_."iipcst" as iipcst5_0_, sfitem0_."iivend" as iivend6_0_, sfitem0_."item_expdt" as item_exp7_0_ from sfitem sfitem0_ where sfitem0_."iisku#"=? and sfitem0_."item_effdt"<=? and coalesce(sfitem0_."item_expdt", cast('9999-12-31' as DATE))>=?]
com.teradata.jdbc.jdbc_4.util.JDBCException: [Teradata Database] [TeraJDBC 14.00.00.21] [Error 3810] [SQLState 42S22] Column/Parameter 'DEV_DIG_UMT.sfitem0_.created_at' does not exist.
    at com.teradata.jdbc.jdbc_4.util.ErrorFactory.makeDatabaseSQLException(ErrorFactory.java:307)
    at com.teradata.jdbc.jdbc_4.statemachine.ReceiveInitSubState.action(ReceiveInitSubState.java:102)
    at com.teradata.jdbc.jdbc_4.statemachine.StatementReceiveState.subStateMachine(StatementReceiveState.java:320)
    at com.teradata.jdbc.jdbc_4.statemachine.StatementReceiveState.action(StatementReceiveState.java:201)
    at com.teradata.jdbc.jdbc_4.statemachine.StatementController.runBody(StatementController.java:121)
    at com.teradata.jdbc.jdbc_4.statemachine.StatementController.run(StatementController.java:112)
...
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$5.doPrepare(StatementPreparerImpl.java:161)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$StatementPreparationTemplate.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:182)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl.prepareQueryStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:159)
    at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.prepareQueryStatement(Loader.java:1859)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.executeQueryStatement(Loader.java:1836)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.executeQueryStatement(Loader.java:1816)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQuery(Loader.java:900)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:342)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2526)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2512)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.listIgnoreQueryCache(Loader.java:2342)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.list(Loader.java:2337)
        at org.hibernate.loader.hql.QueryLoader.list(QueryLoader.java:495)

这意味着休眠验证和查询执行程序的行为不同

具有正确字段的实体：

@Entity
public class Sfitem implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @EmbeddedId
    private SfitemPK id;

    @Column(name="\"iidesc\"")
    private String iidesc;

    @Column(name="\"iipcst\"")
    private BigDecimal iipcst;

    @Column(name="\"iivend\"")
    private BigDecimal iivend;

    @Column(name="\"item_expdt\"")
    private Date itemExpdt;

    @Column(name="\"row_insrt_tms\"")
    private Timestamp rowInsrtTms;

    @Column(name="\"row_updt_tms\"")
    private Timestamp rowUpdtTms;

    ...
}

持久性.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="persistenceUnit" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
        <properties>
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.TeradataDialect"/>
            <!-- value="create" to build a new database on each run; value="update" to modify an existing database; value="create-drop" means the same as "create" but also drops tables when Hibernate closes; value="validate" makes no changes to the database -->
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="validate"/>
            <property name="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy" value="org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy"/>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.charSet" value="UTF-8"/>
            <!-- Uncomment the following two properties for JBoss only -->
            <!-- property name="hibernate.validator.apply_to_ddl" value="false" /-->
            <!-- property name="hibernate.validator.autoregister_listeners" value="false" /-->
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

数据源和实体管理器 bean：

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
  <property name="jndiName" value="${datasource.jndiName}"/>
  <property name="lookupOnStartup" value="true"/>
  <property name="resourceRef" value="true" />
</bean>

<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager" id="transactionManager">
    <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>

<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean" id="entityManagerFactory">
    <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="persistenceUnit"/>
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>

这是错误还是配置问题？有没有人遇到过同样的问题？

我不想在持久性单元或实体中配置默认模式，因为我们遵循的方法是通过使用容器上下文中定义的 JNDI 数据源将数据源配置保留在应用程序外部和一个地方。这样我们在部署到不同的环境（Dev、QA、Prod 等）时就不必担心

score 1 · Accepted Answer

您可能需要在提交给 Teradata 的 SELECT 查询中完全限定您的表名。

select sfitem0_."iisku#" as iisku1_0_, sfitem0_."item_effdt" as item_eff2_0_,
       sfitem0_."created_at" as created_3_0_, sfitem0_."iidesc" as iidesc4_0_,
       sfitem0_."iipcst" as iipcst5_0_, sfitem0_."iivend" as iivend6_0_,
       sfitem0_."item_expdt" as item_exp7_0_ 
 from DatDe001.SFITEM sfitem0_ /* Notice database name is included here */
where sfitem0_."iisku#"=? 
  and sfitem0_."item_effdt"<=? 
  and coalesce(sfitem0_."item_expdt", cast('9999-12-31' as DATE))>=?

编辑

您还可以在每个SELECT语句之前构造一个字符串，该字符串指定您希望用作默认数据库的架构/数据库，用于查找 SQL 中不完全限定的对象：

DATABASE=?

然后可能使用参数来提供该值，就像您是WHERE子句的值一样

编辑 2

您只能为给定的连接字符串指定一个 DATABASE 参数。如果您的要求是允许支持应用程序前端的数据库使用不同的名称，则需要为应用程序需要在后端进行通信的 每个数据库参数化连接字符串。

java - hibernate 如何解析架构以对 Teradata 数据库进行初始验证？

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