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我有一个带有“事件”模型的 Rails 应用程序，在“spec/features”目录中，我有一个“list_events_spec.rb”文件和一个“show_event_spec.rb”文件。以下 3 个断言在放入“list_events”规范时使我的 RSpec 测试崩溃，但是当我将断言放入“show_event”规范时测试通过了。页眉、页脚和旁白都是在 application.html.erb 文件中呈现的部分内容。

我唯一能想到的是，Rails 根据文件名对这两个文件进行不同的处理，但我希望断言不管它们放在哪个 spec_file 中都可以工作，因为它们是在 application.html.erb 文件中呈现的.

以下是断言（文件名是“_header.html.erb”、“_footer.html.erb”和“_sidebar.html.erb”）：

it "has a header" do
  expect(page).to have_selector("header")
end

it "has a footer" do
  expect(page).to have_selector("footer")
end

it "has a sidebar" do
  expect(page).to have_selector("aside")
end

这是 application.html.erb 文件：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>EventsTdd</title>
    <%= stylesheet_link_tag    "application", media: "all", "data-turbolinks-track" => true %>
    <%= javascript_include_tag "application", "data-turbolinks-track" => true %>
    <%= csrf_meta_tags %>
  </head>
  <body>
    <%= render 'header' %>
    <%= render 'sidebar' %>
    <%= yield %>

  </body>
  <%= render 'footer' %>

</html>

这是 RSpec 错误消息：

Failures:

  1) viewing the list of events has a sidebar
     Failure/Error: expect(page).to have_selector("aside")
     Capybara::ExpectationNotMet:
       expected to find css "aside" but there were no matches
     # ./spec/features/list_events_spec.rb:53:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

  2) viewing the list of events has a footer
     Failure/Error: expect(page).to have_selector("footer")
     Capybara::ExpectationNotMet:
       expected to find css "footer" but there were no matches
     # ./spec/features/list_events_spec.rb:49:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

  3) viewing the list of events has a header
     Failure/Error: expect(page).to have_selector("header")
     Capybara::ExpectationNotMet:
       expected to find css "header" but there were no matches
     # ./spec/features/list_events_spec.rb:45:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

Finished in 0.8435 seconds
33 examples, 3 failures

Failed examples:

rspec ./spec/features/list_events_spec.rb:52 # viewing the list of events has a sidebar
rspec ./spec/features/list_events_spec.rb:48 # viewing the list of events has a footer
rspec ./spec/features/list_events_spec.rb:44 # viewing the list of events has a header

Randomized with seed 16198
4

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