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我正在尝试使用 boost.spirit 的 qi 库解析某些内容,但遇到了问题。根据精神文档a >> b应该产生带有类型的东西tuple<A, B>。但这是一个boost::tuple(又名融合向量),而不是std::tuple(我想要的)。

有什么简单的方法可以在boost::tuple=>之间进行这种转换std::tuple吗?

相同的文档页面说*a应该产生类型为 的东西vector<A>。这似乎正在产生 a std::vector<A>(或某种boost::vector<A>可以隐式转换为 a std::vector<A>)。我只是想知道这种相同的行为是否可用于元组。

4

1 回答 1

14

简短的回答:

使用#include <boost/fusion/adapted/std_tuple.hpp>.

更完整的答案:

正如你在这里看到的:

在属性表中,我们将只使用vector<A>tuple<A, B...>作为占位符。符号vector<A>表示任何包含 A 类型元素的 STL 容器,符号代表任何包含tuple<A, B...>A、B、...等元素的 Boost.Fusion 序列。最后,未使用代表未使用类型。

因此,当解析器/生成器具有您的属性时,tuple<A,B...>您可以使用任何融合序列(例如 fusion::vector 或 fusion::list)或任何可以适应融合序列的东西(例如 boost::array、boost::元组,std::pair,std::tuple,你自己的结构体使用 BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT)。

如果vector<A>你的元素是对的,你可以使用 std::vector、std::list 甚至 std::map。如果您还专门化了几个自定义点(至少是 boost::spirit::traits 中的 is_container、container_value 和 push_back_container),您也可以使用自己的结构。

std::pair
为了能够std::pair与精神一起使用,您只需要添加一个标头:

#include <boost/fusion/include/std_pair.hpp>
...
qi::rule<Iterator,std::pair<int,double>()> rule = 
    qi::int_ >> qi::lit(',') >> qi::double_;

std::tuple
从 boost 1.48.0 开始,您可以对 std::tuple 执行相同的操作:

#include <boost/fusion/adapted/std_tuple.hpp> 
...
qi::rule<Iterator,std::tuple<int,std::string,double>()> rule =
    qi::int_ >> qi::lit(',') >> +~qi::char_(',') >> qi::lit(',') >> qi::double_;

您自己的结构
您可以在 BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT 的帮助下非常轻松地调整您的自定义结构:

#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
...
struct normal_struct
{
    int integer;
    double real;
};

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(
    normal_struct,
    (int, integer)
    (double, real)
)
...
qi::rule<Iterator,normal_struct()> rule =
    qi::int_ >> qi::lit(',') >> qi::double_;

但是,有一个已知限制,当您尝试使用具有单个元素的结构时,该结构也是容器编译失败,除非您添加qi::eps >> ...到规则中。

struct struct_with_single_element_container
{
    std::vector<int> cont;
};

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(
    struct_with_single_element_container,
    (std::vector<int>, cont)
)
...
qi::rule<Iterator,struct_with_single_element_container()> rule =
    qi::eps >> qi::int_%qi::lit(',');

std::map
您可以简单地使用 std::map 作为 std::pairs 的容器。请记住,如果您的输入中有重复的键,则只会将第一个键插入到地图中(如果您使用 multimap,当然会插入所有内容):

#include <boost/fusion/include/std_pair.hpp>
...
qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, std::pair<double,int>()> pair_rule = 
    qi::double_ >> qi::lit('=') >> qi::int_;
qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, std::map<double,int>()> rule = 
    pair_rule%qi::lit(',');
//You can also use
//qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, std::map<double,int>()> rule =
    //(qi::double_ >> qi::lit('=') >> qi::int_)%qi::lit(',');

您自己的结构体作为容器
使用 Spirit 的自定义点,您还可以使您的结构体在处理属性时表现得好像它是一个容器。您需要专攻的最低要求is_containercontainer_valuepush_back_container。这里有几个例子:


第一个相当简单(而且很愚蠢)。它使您的结构具有与std::vector<int>. 每次解析一个 int 时,它都会添加到累加器中的总数中。你可以在这里这里找到不那么愚蠢的方法(在“旧答案”中)。

struct accumulator
{
    accumulator(): total(){}
    int total;
};

namespace boost{ namespace spirit{ namespace traits
{
    template<>
    struct is_container<accumulator> : boost::mpl::true_
    {};

    template<>
    struct container_value<accumulator>
    {
        typedef int type;
    };

    template<>
    struct push_back_container<accumulator,int>
    {
        static bool call(accumulator& c, int val)
        {
            c.total+=val;
            return true;
        }
    };
}}}
...
qi::rule<Iterator,accumulator()> rule =
    qi::int_%qi::lit(',');

第二个稍微复杂一点(不多)。它使您的结构具有与std::vector<boost::variant<int,std::string> >. 当一个 int 被解析时,它被添加到ints分发器中的容器中,类似地,字符串被存储在strings容器中。使用此示例(1、23

struct distributor
{
    distributor():ints(),strings(){}
    std::vector<int> ints;
    std::vector<std::string> strings;
};

namespace boost{ namespace spirit{ namespace traits
{
    template<>
    struct is_container<distributor> : boost::mpl::true_
    {};

    template<>
    struct container_value<distributor>
    {
        typedef boost::variant<int,std::string> type;
    };

    template<>
    struct push_back_container<distributor,int>
    {
        static bool call(distributor& c, int val)
        {
            c.ints.push_back(val);
            return true;
        }
    };

    template<>
    struct push_back_container<distributor,std::string>
    {
        static bool call(distributor& c, std::string const& val)
        {
            c.strings.push_back(val);
            return true;
        }
    };
}}}
...
qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, std::string()> string_rule = 
    +~qi::char_(',');
qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, distributor()> rule = 
    (qi::int_ | string_rule)%qi::lit(',');

单个 cpp 文件中的所有测试

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <tuple>
#include <list>
#include <vector>
#include <map>

#include <boost/fusion/include/std_pair.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/include/adapt_struct.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/adapted/std_tuple.hpp> 

#include <boost/spirit/include/qi.hpp>

#include <boost/variant.hpp>

namespace qi=boost::spirit::qi;

struct normal_struct
{
    int integer;
    double real;
};

struct struct_with_single_element_container
{
    std::vector<int> cont;
};

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(
    normal_struct,
    (int, integer)
    (double, real)
)

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(
    struct_with_single_element_container,
    (std::vector<int>, cont)
)

struct accumulator
{
    accumulator(): total(){}
    int total;
};

namespace boost{ namespace spirit{ namespace traits
{
    template<>
    struct is_container<accumulator> : boost::mpl::true_
    {};

    template<>
    struct container_value<accumulator>
    {
        typedef int type;
    };

    template<>
    struct push_back_container<accumulator,int>
    {
        static bool call(accumulator& c, int val)
        {
            c.total+=val;
            return true;
        }
    };
}}}

struct distributor
{
    distributor():ints(),strings(){}
    std::vector<int> ints;
    std::vector<std::string> strings;
};

namespace boost{ namespace spirit{ namespace traits
{
    template<>
    struct is_container<distributor> : boost::mpl::true_
    {};

    template<>
    struct container_value<distributor>
    {
        typedef boost::variant<int,std::string> type;
    };

    template<>
    struct push_back_container<distributor,int>
    {
        static bool call(distributor& c, int val)
        {
            c.ints.push_back(val);
            return true;
        }
    };

    template<>
    struct push_back_container<distributor,std::string>
    {
        static bool call(distributor& c, std::string const& val)
        {
            c.strings.push_back(val);
            return true;
        }
    };
}}}


int main()
{
    {
        std::pair<int,double> parsed;
        qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, std::pair<int,double>()> rule = 
                    qi::int_ >> qi::lit(',') >> qi::double_;
        std::string test="1,2.5";
        std::string::const_iterator iter=test.begin(), end=test.end();
        bool result = qi::parse(iter,end,rule,parsed);
        if(result && iter==end)
        {
            std::cout << "Success." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "First: " << parsed.first << ", Second: " << parsed.second << std::endl;
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "Failure." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "Unparsed: " << std::string(iter,end) << std::endl;
        }
    }

    {
        std::tuple<int,std::string,double> parsed;
        qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, std::tuple<int,std::string,double>()> rule = 
                    qi::int_ >> qi::lit(',') >> +~qi::char_(',') >> qi::lit(',') >> qi::double_;
        std::string test="1,abc,2.5";
        std::string::const_iterator iter=test.begin(), end=test.end();
        bool result = qi::parse(iter,end,rule,parsed);
        if(result && iter==end)
        {
            std::cout << "Success." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "get<0>: " << std::get<0>(parsed) << ", get<1>: " << std::get<1>(parsed) << ", get<2>: " << std::get<2>(parsed) << std::endl;
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "Failure." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "Unparsed: " << std::string(iter,end) << std::endl;
        }
    }

    {
        normal_struct parsed;
        qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, normal_struct()> rule = 
                    qi::int_ >> qi::lit(',') >> qi::double_;
        std::string test="1,2.5";
        std::string::const_iterator iter=test.begin(), end=test.end();
        bool result = qi::parse(iter,end,rule,parsed);
        if(result && iter==end)
        {
            std::cout << "Success." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "integer: " << parsed.integer << ", real: " << parsed.real << std::endl;
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "Failure." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "Unparsed: " << std::string(iter,end) << std::endl;
        }
    }

    {
        struct_with_single_element_container parsed;
        //there is a problem when you have a struct with a single element container, the workaround is simply adding qi::eps to the rule
        qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, struct_with_single_element_container()> rule = 
                    qi::eps >> qi::int_%qi::lit(','); 
        std::string test="1,2";
        std::string::const_iterator iter=test.begin(), end=test.end();
        bool result = qi::parse(iter,end,rule,parsed);
        if(result && iter==end)
        {
            std::cout << "Success." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "[0]: " << parsed.cont[0] << ", [1]: " << parsed.cont[1] << std::endl;
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "Failure." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "Unparsed: " << std::string(iter,end) << std::endl;
        }
    }

    {
        std::list<int> parsed;
        qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, std::list<int>()> rule = 
                    qi::int_%qi::lit(',');
        std::string test="1,2";
        std::string::const_iterator iter=test.begin(), end=test.end();
        bool result = qi::parse(iter,end,rule,parsed);
        if(result && iter==end)
        {
            std::cout << "Success." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "front: " << parsed.front() << ", back: " << parsed.back() << std::endl;
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "Failure." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "Unparsed: " << std::string(iter,end) << std::endl;
        }
    }

    {
        std::map<double,int> parsed;
        qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, std::pair<double,int>()> pair_rule = 
                    qi::double_ >> qi::lit('=') >> qi::int_;
        qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, std::map<double,int>()> rule = 
                    pair_rule%qi::lit(',');
        std::string test="2.5=1,3.5=2";
        std::string::const_iterator iter=test.begin(), end=test.end();
        bool result = qi::parse(iter,end,rule,parsed);
        if(result && iter==end)
        {
            std::cout << "Success." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "map[2.5]: " << parsed[2.5] << ", map[3.5]: " << parsed[3.5] << std::endl;
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "Failure." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "Unparsed: " << std::string(iter,end) << std::endl;
        }
    }

    {
        accumulator parsed;
        qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, accumulator()> rule = 
                    qi::int_%qi::lit(',');
        std::string test="1,2,3";
        std::string::const_iterator iter=test.begin(), end=test.end();
        bool result = qi::parse(iter,end,rule,parsed);
        if(result && iter==end)
        {
            std::cout << "Success." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "total: " << parsed.total << std::endl;
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "Failure." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "Unparsed: " << std::string(iter,end) << std::endl;
        }
    }

    {
        distributor parsed;
        qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, std::string()> string_rule = 
                    +~qi::char_(',');
        qi::rule<std::string::const_iterator, distributor()> rule = 
                    (qi::int_ | string_rule)%qi::lit(',');
        std::string test="abc,1,2,def,ghi,3,jkl";
        std::string::const_iterator iter=test.begin(), end=test.end();
        bool result = qi::parse(iter,end,rule,parsed);
        if(result && iter==end)
        {
            std::cout << "Success." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "ints" << std::endl;
            for(auto val: parsed.ints)
                std::cout << val << std::endl;
            std::cout << "strings" << std::endl;
            for(const auto& val: parsed.strings)
                std::cout << val << std::endl;
        }
        else
        {
            std::cout << "Failure." << std::endl;
            std::cout << "Unparsed: " << std::string(iter,end) << std::endl;
        }
    }

}
于 2013-08-10T05:03:00.623 回答