我正在实现法线映射,通过 ASSIMP 库计算切线向量。
法线映射似乎在模型矩阵接近单位矩阵的对象上工作得很好。只要我开始平移和缩放,我的灯光似乎就关闭了。正如您在图片中看到的,法线贴图在容器立方体上完美运行,但在大地板上照明失败(镜面反射光的方向应该朝向玩家,而不是朝向容器)。
只要我开始更改模型矩阵(通过翻译/缩放)。我发布了所有相关的代码,希望你们能以某种方式看到我丢失的东西,因为我已经盯着我的代码好几天了。
顶点着色器
#version 330
layout(location = 0) in vec3 position;
layout(location = 1) in vec3 normal;
layout(location = 2) in vec3 tangent;
layout(location = 3) in vec3 color;
layout(location = 4) in vec2 texCoord;
// fragment pass through
out vec3 Position;
out vec3 Normal;
out vec3 Tangent;
out vec3 Color;
out vec2 TexCoord;
out vec3 TangentSurface2Light;
out vec3 TangentSurface2View;
uniform vec3 lightPos;
// vertex transformation
uniform mat4 model;
uniform mat4 view;
uniform mat4 projection;
void main()
{
mat3 normalMatrix = transpose(mat3(inverse(view * model)));
Position = vec3((view * model) * vec4(position, 1.0));
Normal = normalMatrix * normal;
Tangent = tangent;
Color = color;
TexCoord = texCoord;
gl_Position = projection * view * model * vec4(position, 1.0);
vec3 light = vec3(view * vec4(lightPos, 1.0));
vec3 n = normalize(normalMatrix * normal);
vec3 t = normalize(normalMatrix * tangent);
vec3 b = cross(n, t);
mat3 mat = mat3(t.x, b.x ,n.x, t.y, b.y ,n.y, t.z, b.z ,n.z);
vec3 vector = normalize(light - Position);
TangentSurface2Light = mat * vector;
vector = normalize(-Position);
TangentSurface2View = mat * vector;
}
片段着色器
#version 330
in vec3 Position;
in vec3 Normal;
in vec3 Tangent;
in vec3 Color;
in vec2 TexCoord;
in vec3 TangentSurface2Light;
in vec3 TangentSurface2View;
out vec4 outColor;
uniform vec3 lightPos;
uniform mat4 view;
uniform sampler2D texture0;
uniform sampler2D texture_normal; // normal
uniform float repeatFactor = 1;
void main()
{
vec4 texColor = texture(texture0, TexCoord * repeatFactor);
vec3 light = vec3(view * vec4(lightPos, 1.0));
float dist = length(light - Position);
float att = 1.0 / (1.0 + 0.01 * dist + 0.001 * dist * dist);
// Ambient
vec4 ambient = vec4(0.2);
// Diffuse
vec3 surface2light = normalize(TangentSurface2Light);
vec3 norm = normalize(texture(texture_normal, TexCoord * repeatFactor).xyz * 2.0 - 1.0);
float contribution = max(dot(norm, surface2light), 0.0);
vec4 diffuse = contribution * vec4(0.8);
// Specular
vec3 surf2view = normalize(TangentSurface2View);
vec3 reflection = reflect(-surface2light, norm); // reflection vector
float specContribution = pow(max(dot(surf2view, reflection), 0.0), 32);
vec4 specular = vec4(0.6) * specContribution;
outColor = (ambient + (diffuse * att)+ (specular * pow(att, 3))) * texColor;
}
OpenGL绘图代码
void Render()
{
...
glm::mat4 view, projection; // Model will be done via MatrixStack
view = glm::lookAt(position, position + direction, up); // cam pos, look at (eye pos), up vec
projection = glm::perspective(45.0f, (float)width/(float)height, 0.1f, 1000.0f);
glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(basicShader.shaderProgram, "view"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(view));
glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(basicShader.shaderProgram, "projection"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(projection));
// Lighting
lightPos.x = 0.0 + sin(time / 125) * 10;
glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(basicShader.shaderProgram, "lightPos"), lightPos.x, lightPos.y, lightPos.z);
// Objects (use bump mapping on this cube)
bumpShader.Use();
glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(bumpShader.shaderProgram, "view"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(view));
glUniformMatrix4fv(glGetUniformLocation(bumpShader.shaderProgram, "projection"), 1, GL_FALSE, glm::value_ptr(projection));
glUniform3f(glGetUniformLocation(bumpShader.shaderProgram, "lightPos"), lightPos.x, lightPos.y, lightPos.z);
MatrixStack::LoadIdentity();
MatrixStack::Scale(2);
MatrixStack::ToShader(glGetUniformLocation(bumpShader.shaderProgram, "model"));
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, resources.GetTexture("container"));
glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(bumpShader.shaderProgram, "img"), 0);
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1); // Normal map
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, resources.GetTexture("container_normal"));
glUniform1i(glGetUniformLocation(bumpShader.shaderProgram, "normalMap"), 1);
glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(bumpShader.shaderProgram, "repeatFactor"), 1);
cubeNormal.Draw();
MatrixStack::LoadIdentity();
MatrixStack::Translate(glm::vec3(0.0f, -22.0f, 0.0f));
MatrixStack::Scale(glm::vec3(200.0f, 20.0f, 200.0f));
MatrixStack::ToShader(glGetUniformLocation(bumpShader.shaderProgram, "model"));
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, resources.GetTexture("floor"));
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1); // Normal map
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, resources.GetTexture("floor_normal"));
glUniform1f(glGetUniformLocation(bumpShader.shaderProgram, "repeatFactor"), 100);
cubeNormal.Draw();
MatrixStack::LoadIdentity();
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
...
}
编辑 我现在使用启用了“aiProcess_CalcTangentSpace”标志的 ASSIMP 库加载我的对象,并相应地更改了我的着色器以适应新的更改。由于 ASSIMP 现在会自动计算正确的切向量,因此我应该有有效的切向量并且我的问题应该得到解决(正如 Nicol Bolas 所指出的),但我仍然遇到同样的问题,镜面照明表现得很奇怪,并且漫反射照明没有真正出现. 我想还有其他东西不能正常工作。我将您的答案取消标记为正确答案 Nicol Bolas(目前)并相应地更新了我的代码,因为我仍然缺少一些东西。
应该和翻译有关吧。一旦我向模型矩阵添加一个平移(y 方向上的 -22.0f),它就会对奇怪的光照做出反应。只要地板(实际上是一个立方体)没有平移,照明看起来就很好。