IN将条件值作为字符串连接传递不是一个好习惯。首先，当然是安全性和正确性，但下一点是性能。
每次调用语句时，数据库引擎都会对其进行解析，构建查询计划，然后执行 SQL 语句中指定的操作。
如果您每次都从头开始构建查询文本，那么每次都会执行所有三个阶段。
但是，如果您始终使用绑定变量，则查询看起来相同，因此数据库使用缓存的查询计划来加快查询执行速度。即使您只能调用oci_parse()一次并使用$stmt不同的提供参数集重用变量。
因此，为了获得最佳性能，您必须使用绑定变量并使用数组填充它oci_bind_array_by_name。
另外一点是，使用检索结果oci_fetch_all可能比逐行读取结果集执行得更快，但这取决于处理结果的逻辑。
更新
似乎只有当您要执行 PL/SQL 块并且不能将其与 SQL 语句一起使用时，传递数组参数才有效。但另一种可能性是使用集合来传递参数值列表。即使使用数组也可以满足问题的条件，但这种方式不太优雅。
除了查询数据库的不同方法之外，还有诸如系统设置之类的东西。在 PHP 的情况下，文件中有一些参数php.ini控制与 Oracle 的交互。其中之一 ( oci8.statement_cache_size) 与查询缓存和性能有关。
例子
所有示例都在 Oracle 中使用相同的数据设置。
要传递数据，我选择预定义SYS.ODCIVarchar2List类型，但也可以定义具有相同特征的自定义类型（在数据设置示例中演示）。下面是演示数据方案设置和在 DML 中使用集合的原则的代码。
SQLFiddle
create table myTable(value varchar2(100), key varchar2(100))
/
insert into myTable(value, key)
select * from (
select 'apple', 'apple_one' from dual union all
select 'apple', 'apple_two' from dual union all
select 'banana', 'banana_one' from dual union all
select 'orange', 'orange_one' from dual union all
select 'orange', 'orange_two' from dual union all
select 'potato', 'potato_one' from dual
)
/
create or replace type TCustomList as table of varchar2(4000)
/
create or replace package TestPackage as
type TKeyList is table of varchar2(1000) index by binary_integer;
function test_select(pKeyList in out TKeyList) return sys_refcursor;
end;
/
create or replace package body TestPackage is
function test_select(pKeyList in out TKeyList) return sys_refcursor
is
vParam sys.ODCIVarchar2List := sys.ODCIVarchar2List();
vCur sys_refcursor;
vIdx binary_integer;
begin
vIdx := pKeyList.first;
while(vIdx is not null) loop
vParam.Extend;
vParam(vParam.last) := pKeyList(vIdx);
vIdx := pKeyList.next(vIdx);
end loop;
open vCur for
select * from myTable where value in (select column_value from table(vParam))
;
return vCur;
end;
end;
/
展示集合的查询：
--select by value list
select * from myTable
where value in (
select column_value
from table(Sys.ODCIVarchar2List('banana','potato'))
)
/
--same with custom type
select * from myTable
where value in (
select column_value
from table(TCustomList('banana','potato'))
)
/
--same with demonstration of casting
select * from myTable
where value in (
select column_value
from table(cast(TCustomList('banana','potato') as Sys.ODCIVarchar2List))
)
/
示例 1 - 使用集合从 PHP 调用
<?php
$keyList = array('apple', 'potato');
$conn = oci_pconnect("user_name", "user_password", "SERVER_TNS_NAME");
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, "SELECT * FROM myTable where value in (select column_value from table(:key_list))");
$coll = oci_new_collection($conn, 'ODCIVARCHAR2LIST','SYS');
for ($i=0; $i < count($keyList); $i++) {
$coll->append($keyList[$i]);
}
oci_bind_by_name($stmt, 'key_list', $coll, -1, OCI_B_NTY);
oci_execute($stmt);
while($row = oci_fetch_array($stmt, OCI_ASSOC)) {
echo "{$row['KEY']}, {$row['VALUE']}\n"; // Print the values
}
echo "---\n";
$coll->free();
//-- Run statement another time with different parameters
//-- without reparsing.
$coll = oci_new_collection($conn, 'ODCIVARCHAR2LIST','SYS');
$coll->append('banana');
oci_bind_by_name($stmt, 'key_list', $coll, -1, OCI_B_NTY);
oci_execute($stmt);
while($row = oci_fetch_array($stmt, OCI_ASSOC)) {
echo "{$row['KEY']}, {$row['VALUE']}\n"; // Print the values
}
echo "---\n";
$coll->free();
oci_free_statement($stmt);
oci_close($conn);
?>
示例 2 - 使用数组和包从 PHP 调用
<?php
$keyList = array('apple', 'potato');
$conn = oci_pconnect("user_name", "user_password", "SERVER_TNS_NAME");
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, "begin :cur := TestPackage.test_select(:key_list); end;");
$curs = oci_new_cursor($conn);
oci_bind_array_by_name($stmt, "key_list", $keyList, 2, 100, SQLT_CHR);
oci_bind_by_name($stmt, "cur", $curs, -1, OCI_B_CURSOR);
oci_execute($stmt);
oci_execute($curs);
while($row = oci_fetch_array($curs, OCI_ASSOC)) {
echo "{$row['KEY']}, {$row['VALUE']}\n"; // Print the values
}
echo "---\n";
//-- Run statement another time with different parameters
//-- without reparsing.
$keyList = array('banana');
oci_bind_array_by_name($stmt, "key_list", $keyList, 2, 100, SQLT_CHR);
oci_execute($stmt);
oci_execute($curs);
while($row = oci_fetch_array($curs, OCI_ASSOC)) {
echo "{$row['KEY']}, {$row['VALUE']}\n"; // Print the values
}
echo "---\n";
oci_free_statement($stmt);
oci_close($conn);
?>
示例 3 - 使用数组和匿名块从 PHP 调用
<?php
$keyList = array('apple', 'potato');
$conn = oci_pconnect("user_name", "user_password", "SERVER_TNS_NAME");
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, "
declare
type TKeyList is table of varchar2(4000) index by binary_integer;
pKeyList TKeyList := :key_list;
vParam sys.ODCIVarchar2List := sys.ODCIVarchar2List();
vIdx binary_integer;
begin
-- Copy PL/SQL array to a type which allowed in SQL context
vIdx := pKeyList.first;
while(vIdx is not null) loop
vParam.Extend;
vParam(vParam.last) := pKeyList(vIdx);
vIdx := pKeyList.next(vIdx);
end loop;
open :cur for select * from myTable where value in (select column_value from table(vParam));
end;
");
$curs = oci_new_cursor($conn);
oci_bind_array_by_name($stmt, "key_list", $keyList, 2, 100, SQLT_CHR);
oci_bind_by_name($stmt, "cur", $curs, -1, OCI_B_CURSOR);
oci_execute($stmt);
oci_execute($curs);
while($row = oci_fetch_array($curs, OCI_ASSOC)) {
echo "{$row['KEY']}, {$row['VALUE']}\n"; // Print the values
}
echo "---\n";
//-- Run statement another time with different parameters
//-- without reparsing.
$keyList = array('banana');
oci_bind_array_by_name($stmt, "key_list", $keyList, 2, 100, SQLT_CHR);
oci_execute($stmt);
oci_execute($curs);
while($row = oci_fetch_array($curs, OCI_ASSOC)) {
echo "{$row['KEY']}, {$row['VALUE']}\n"; // Print the values
}
echo "---\n";
oci_free_statement($stmt);
oci_close($conn);
?>