sql - 如何选择每组的前 N ​​行？

Question

我有两个这样的 SQLite 表：

 AuthorId | AuthorName
----------------------
 1        | Alice
 2        | Bob
 3        | Carol
 ...      | ....


 BookId | AuthorId | Title
----------------------------------
 1      | 1        | aaa1
 2      | 1        | aaa2
 3      | 1        | aaa3
 4      | 2        | ddd1
 5      | 2        | ddd2
 ...    | ...      | ...
 19     | 3        | fff1
 20     | 3        | fff2
 21     | 3        | fff3
 22     | 3        | fff4

我想做一个 SELECT 查询，它将返回每个 AuthorId 的前 N ​​行（例如两行），按标题排序（“选择每个作者的前两本书”）。

样本输出：

 BookId |  AuthorId | AuthorName | Title
------------------------------------------
 1      |  1        |   Alice    | aaa1
 2      |  1        |   Alice    | aaa1
 4      |  2        |   Bob      | ddd1
 5      |  2        |   Bob      | ddd2
 19     |  3        |   Carol    | fff1
 20     |  3        |   Carol    | fff2

如何构建此查询？

（是的，我找到了一个类似的主题，我知道如何只返回一行（第一行或顶部）。问题出在这两个上）。

Answer 1

您可以使用相关子查询进行计数：

SELECT b.BookId, a.AuthorId, a.AuthorName, b.Title
FROM Author a join
     Book b
     on a.AuthorId = b.AuthorId
where (select count(*)
       from book b2
       where b2.bookId <= b.BookId and b2.AuthorId = b.AuthorId
      ) <= 2;

对于小型数据库，这应该没问题。如果您在其上创建复合索引，Book(AuthorId, BookId)那么这将有助于查询。

Answer 2

有替代变体：

SELECT * FROM (
    SELECT * FROM BOOK, AUTHOR
    WHERE BOOK.AUTHORID = AUTHOR.AUTHORID
) T1
WHERE T1.BOOKID IN (
    SELECT T2.BOOKID FROM BOOK T2
    WHERE T2.AUTHORID = T1.AUTHORID
    ORDER BY T2.BOOKTITLE
    LIMIT 2
)
ORDER BY T1.BOOKTITLE

Answer 3

干得好。可能为时已晚，但我刚看到帖子。您可以更改 <=2 以匹配所需的 n。

SELECT 
 a.authorid,
 a.authorname,
 b.bookid,
 b.booktitle
FROM author a
JOIN book b ON b.authorid = b.authorid
QUALIFY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY a.authorid
ORDER BY   b.booktitle ASC) <=2