我有这个大表(大约百万条记录),我正在尝试检索每种类型的最后一条记录。
表、索引和查询都非常简单,而 MySQL 没有使用索引这一事实意味着我一定忽略了一些东西。
该表如下所示:
CREATE TABLE `MyTable001` (
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`TypeField` int(11) NOT NULL,
`Value` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`Timestamp` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`AnotherField1` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `idx_MyTable001_TypeField` (`TypeField`),
KEY `idx_MyTable001_Timestamp` (`Timestamp`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM
显示索引给出了这个:
+------------+------------+--------------------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
+------------+------------+--------------------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| MyTable001 | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 626141 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| MyTable001 | 1 | idx_MyTable001_TypeField | 1 | TypeField | A | 458 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
| MyTable001 | 1 | idx_MyTable001_Timestamp | 1 | Timestamp | A | 156535 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | |
+------------+------------+--------------------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
但是当我对以下查询执行 EXPLAIN 时:
SELECT *
FROM MyTable001
GROUP BY TypeField
ORDER BY id DESC
结果是这样的:
+----+-------------+------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+--------+---------------------------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |
+----+-------------+------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+--------+---------------------------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE | MyTable001 | ALL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 626141 | Using temporary; Using filesort |
+----+-------------+------------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+--------+---------------------------------+
为什么 MySQL 不使用idx_MyTable001_TypeField
?
提前致谢。