1

我对编程很陌生，所以大约 4 或 5 天前我决定开始使用 Python。我遇到了一个挑战，要求我创建一个“猜数字”游戏。完成后，“硬挑战”是创建一个猜数字游戏，用户创建数字并由计算机 (AI) 猜测。

到目前为止，我已经想出了这个并且它有效，但它可能会更好，我会解释。

from random import randint

print ("In this program you will enter a number between 1 - 100."
       "\nAfter the computer will try to guess your number!")

number = 0

while number < 1 or number >100:
    number = int(input("\n\nEnter a number for the computer to guess: "))
    if number > 100:
        print ("Number must be lower than or equal to 100!")
    if number < 1:
        print ("Number must be greater than or equal to 1!")

guess = randint(1, 100)

print ("The computer takes a guess...", guess)

while guess != number:
    if guess > number:
        guess -= 1
        guess = randint(1, guess)
    else:
        guess += 1
        guess = randint(guess, 100)
    print ("The computer takes a guess...", guess)

print ("The computer guessed", guess, "and it was correct!")

这是我上次跑步时发生的事情：

输入一个数字让计算机猜：78

计算机猜测... 74

计算机猜测... 89

计算机猜测... 55

计算机猜测... 78

电脑猜78，猜对了！

请注意，它可以工作，但是当计算机猜测 74 时，它会猜测更高的数字为 89。数字太高，因此计算机猜测的数字较低，但选择的数字是 55。有没有办法让我计算机猜一个低于 89 但高于 74 的数字？这是否需要额外的变量或更复杂的 if、elif、else 语句？

谢谢瑞恩海宁

我使用了您回复中的代码并稍作更改，因此猜测始终是随机的。如果你看到这个，请告诉我这是否是最好的方法。

from random import randint

def computer_guess(num):
    low = 1
    high = 100
    # This will make the computer's first guess random
    guess = randint(1,100)
    while guess != num:
        print("The computer takes a guess...", guess)
        if guess > num:
            high = guess
        elif guess < num:
            low = guess + 1
        # having the next guess be after the elif statement
        # will allow for the random guess to take place
        # instead of the first guess being 50 each time
        # or whatever the outcome of your low+high division
        guess = (low+high)//2    

    print("The computer guessed", guess, "and it was correct!")


def main():
    num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
    if num < 1 or num > 100:
        print("Must be in range [1, 100]")
    else:
        computer_guess(num)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
4

10 回答 10

9

您正在寻找的是经典的二进制搜索算法

def computer_guess(num):
    low = 1
    high = 100
    guess = (low+high)//2
    while guess != num:
        guess = (low+high)//2
        print("The computer takes a guess...", guess)
        if guess > num:
            high = guess
        elif guess < num:
            low = guess + 1

    print("The computer guessed", guess, "and it was correct!")


def main():
    num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
    if num < 1 or num > 100:
        print("Must be in range [1, 100]")
    else:
        computer_guess(num)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

该算法通过选择一个下限和上限开始工作（在您的情况下，low=1 和 high=100）。然后它检查它们之间的中点。

如果中点小于数字，则中点成为新的下限。如果中点更高，它将成为新的上限。完成此操作后，将在上限和下限之间生成一个新的中点。

为了举例说明，假设您正在寻找 82。

这是一个示例运行

Enter a number: 82
The computer takes a guess... 50
The computer takes a guess... 75
The computer takes a guess... 88
The computer takes a guess... 82
The computer guessed 82 and it was correct!

那么每一步都发生了什么？

  1. low = 1, high = 100=> guess = 50 50 < 82 所以low = 51
  2. low = 51, high = 100=> guess = 7575 < 82 所以low = 76
  3. low = 76, high = 100=> guess = 8888 > 82 所以high = 88
  4. low = 76, high = 88=> guess = 82 82 == 82 我们完成了。

请注意，它的时间复杂度是O(lg(N))

于 2013-07-26T16:30:34.763 回答
1

我简要地制作了您需要的游戏，如下所示：

                  import random

                  guess=int(input("Choose a number you want the computer to guess from  1-100: "))

                  turns=0
                  a=None

                  compguess=random.randint(1,100)

                 while turns<10 and 100>guess>=1 and compguess!=guess: #computer has 10 turns to guess number, you can change it to what you want
                  print("The computer's guess is:  ", compguess)
                  if compguess>guess:
                   a=compguess
                   compguess=random.randint(1,compguess)

                 elif compguess<guess:
                  compguess=random.randint(compguess,a)
                  turns+=1


               if compguess==guess and turns<10:
                print("The computer guessed your number of:" , guess)
                turns+=1

              elif turns>=10 and compguess!=guess:
               print("The computer couldn't guess your number, well done.")


             input("")

这有点生疏，但你可以通过缩小选择范围来改进它，这样计算机就有更大的机会猜出正确的数字。但这其中的乐趣在哪里？请注意，在我的代码中，如果计算机猜测的数字大于用户输入的数字，它将用该数字替换 randint 函数中的 100。所以如果它猜到 70 并且它太高了，它就不会选择大于 70 的数字。我希望这会有所帮助，请问您是否需要更多信息。告诉我它是否有点小故障

于 2013-07-26T12:48:32.613 回答
1

我就是这样处理我的...

     __author__ = 'Ghengis Yan'

     print("\t This is the age of the computer")
     print("\n The computer should impress us... the Man")

     import random

     #User chooses the number
     the_number = int(input("Human Choose a number between 0 and 100 "))
     tries = 1
     computer = random.randint(0,100)
     # User choose again loop
     while the_number > 100:
         the_number = int(input("I thought Humans are smarter than that... \nRetype the number... "))
     if the_number <= 100:
         print("Good")

     # Guessing Loop
     while computer != the_number:
         if computer > the_number:
             print(computer, "lower... Mr. Computer")
         else:
             print(computer, "higher... Mr. Computer")
         computer = int(random.randint(0,100))
         tries += 1

     print("Computer Congratulations... You beat the human! The Number was ", the_number)
     print("It only took a computer such as yourself", tries, "tries to guess it right...          pathetic")
     input("\nPress the enter key to exit.")
于 2014-04-04T06:37:25.410 回答
1

我为同样的挑战所做的是：

1）定义一个变量，记录猜测计算机输入的最大值。前任：

max_guess_number = 0

2) 定义另一个具有最低猜测值的变量。前任。

min_guess_number = 0

3) 在“if computer_guess > secret_number”子句中添加以下代码（我添加了-1，以便计算机不会尝试猜测之前已经尝试过的数字）：

max_guess_number = guess - 1
computer_guess = random.randint(min_guess_number, max_guess_number)

4) 在“if computer_guess < secret_number”中添加如下代码：

min_guess_number = guess + 1
computer_guess = random.randint(min_guess_number, max_guess_number)

值得注意的是，我将 while 循环设置为循环，直到另一个变量“guess_status”变为值 1（我设置为默认值 0）。这样，当 while 循环完成时，我实际上看到了结果。

于 2018-04-12T11:08:00.230 回答
1 
print 'Please think of a number between 0 and 100!'
low = 0
high = 100
while(True):
    rand = (high+low)/2
    print 'Is your secret number '+str(rand)+'?'
    ans = raw_input("Enter 'h' to indicate the guess is too high. Enter 'l' to indicate the guess is too low. Enter 'c' to indicate I guessed correctly.")
    if ans=='h':
        high = rand
    elif ans=='l':
        low = rand
    elif ans=='c':
        print "Game over. Your secret number was:",rand
        break
    else:
        print "Sorry, I did not understand your input"
于 2018-07-06T07:15:51.443 回答
0

您只需要两个新变量来跟踪下限和上限：

low = 1
high = 100
while guess != number:
    if guess > number:
        high = guess - 1
    else:
        low = guess + 1
    guess = randint(low, high)
    print ("The computer takes a guess...", guess)
于 2013-07-26T09:44:14.403 回答
0

尝试这个：

import random


player = int(input("tap any number: "))
comp = random.randint(1, 100)
print(comp)

comp_down = 1
comp_up = 100

raw_input("Press Enter to continue...")


while comp != player:
   if comp > player:
    comp_up = comp - 1
    comp = random.randint(comp_down, comp_up)
    print(comp)
   if comp < player:
    comp_down = comp + 1
    comp = random.randint(comp_down, comp_up)
    print(comp)
   if comp == player:
       break
于 2015-04-13T10:45:15.987 回答
0

如果您使用本章中的内容（猜想这是来自 Dawson 的书），您可以这样做。

import random
#program allows computer to guess my number
#initial values
user_input1=int(input("Enter number between 1 and 100: "))
tries=1
compguess=random.randint(1, 100)

#guessing loop
while compguess != user_input1:
    if compguess > user_input1:
        print("Lower Guess")
        compguess=random.randint(1, 100)
        print(compguess)
    elif compguess < user_input1:
        print("Higher Guess")
        compguess=random.randint(1, 100)
        print(compguess)

        tries += 1 #to have program add up amount of tries it takes place it in the while block

print("Good job Computer! You guessed it! The number was,", user_input1, \
      " and it only took you", tries, " tries!")
于 2016-03-04T01:18:37.207 回答
0 
import random 
x = 1
y = 99
hads = random.randint(x,y)
print (hads)
javab = input('user id: ')
while javab != 'd':
    if javab == 'b':
        x = hads
        hads = random.randint(x,y) 
        print(hads)
        javab = input('user id: ')   
    else:
        javab == 'k'
        y = hads
        hads = random.randint(x,y) 
        print(hads)
        javab = input('user id: ')
于 2020-06-06T21:37:27.267 回答
0 
import random

corr_num = random.randint(1,100)

player_tries = 0
com_tries = 0

while player_tries <5 and com_tries < 5:
    player = int(input("player guess is "))
    if player > corr_num:
    print("too high")
    player_tries +=1

if player < corr_num:
    print("too low")
    player_tries +=1

if player == corr_num:
    print("Player wins")
    break

computer = random.randint(1,100)
print("computer guess is ", computer)

if computer > corr_num:
    print("too high")
    com_tries = 0

if computer < corr_num:
    print("too low")
    com_tries = 0

if computer == corr_num:
    print ("computer wins")
    break

else:
print("Game over, no winner")**strong text**
于 2020-02-07T18:35:45.653 回答