我遇到了将 Button 对象放入列表的问题。
我不确定我想要实现的目标是否真的可以实现，但就是这样..
工作样本：
from tkinter import *
class Main(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
# General purpose variables ----------
self.isButtonSelected = False
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
# Layers ----------
self.background = Frame(self)
# Buttons ----------
self.button_A = Button(self.background, text = "A", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_A)
self.button_B = Button(self.background, text = "B", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_B)
self.button_C = Button(self.background, text = "C", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_C)
self.button_D = Button(self.background, text = "D", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton_D)
# Packs ----------
#layers
self.background.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
#buttons
btnPackPrefix = {'side' : 'left', 'fill' : 'both', 'expand' : 'True'}
self.button_A.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_B.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_C.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_D.pack(btnPackPrefix)
def selectButton_A(self):
'''The idea here is similar to radiobuttons.
Click to select. Click same to deselect.
Click other to deselect old and select new.
Only one button can be selected at a time.
-repeated for all similar methods.'''
if self.isButtonSelected == False: # click-select
self.button_A.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_A_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_A_Selected: # click-deselect
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else: # deselect other and select this
self.resetButtons()
self.button_A.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_A_Selected = True
def selectButton_B(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_B.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_B_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_B_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_B.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_B_Selected = True
def selectButton_C(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_C.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_C_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_C_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_C.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_C_Selected = True
def selectButton_D(self):
if self.isButtonSelected == False:
self.button_D.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_D_Selected = True
else:
if self.isButton_D_Selected:
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else:
self.resetButtons()
self.button_D.config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.isButton_D_Selected = True
def resetButtons(self):
'''this pretty much resets all buttons and controll booleans
to their default state'''
#A
self.button_A.config(bg = 'white') # paint button white
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean reset
#B
self.button_B.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
#C
self.button_C.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
#D
self.button_D.config(bg = 'white')
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
def run_Application():
app = Main()
app.master.geometry('200x50')
app.mainloop()
run_Application()
正如您所注意到的，我的代码有很多复制粘贴的片段，每个片段的细节都发生了变化。
所以我需要以某种方式缩短它。我需要 1 个函数来控制所有这些动作
，因为它们是相似的。
我想出了这个。
不工作样本：
from tkinter import *
class Main(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
# General purpose variables ----------
self.isButtonSelected = False
self.isButton_A_Selected = False # controll boolean
self.isButton_B_Selected = False
self.isButton_C_Selected = False
self.isButton_D_Selected = False
# Layers ----------
self.background = Frame(self)
# Buttons ----------
self.button_A = Button(self.background, text = "A", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(0)) # apparently this doesn't work...
self.button_B = Button(self.background, text = "B", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(1))
self.button_C = Button(self.background, text = "C", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(2))
self.button_D = Button(self.background, text = "D", bg = 'white', command = self.selectButton(3))
# Packs ----------
#layers
self.background.pack(fill = 'both', expand = True)
#buttons
btnPackPrefix = {'side' : 'left', 'fill' : 'both', 'expand' : 'True'}
self.button_A.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_B.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_C.pack(btnPackPrefix)
self.button_D.pack(btnPackPrefix)
def selectButton(self, i = None):
'''The idea here is similar to radiobuttons.
Click to select. Click same to deselect.
Click other to deselect old and select new.
Only one button can be selected at a time.
-do that only on objects
at [i]. 'i' is given from the button command'''
global buttons, btn_bools
buttons = [self.button_A, self.button_B,
self.button_C, self.button_D] # list buttons. # Raises error. It seems that Button objects cannot be listed
btn_bools = [self.isButton_A_Selected, self.isButton_B_Selected,
self.isButton_C_Selected, self.isButton_D_Selected] # list contoll booleans
if self.isButtonSelected == False: # click-select
self.buttons[i].config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.btn_bools[i] = True
else:
if self.isButton_A_Selected: # click-deselect
self.resetButtons()
self.isButtonSelected = False
else: # deselect other and select this
self.resetButtons()
self.buttons[i].config(bg = 'green')
self.isButtonSelected = True
self.btn_bools[i] = True
def resetButtons(self):
'''iterate through all buttons/controll booleans
and reset to their default state'''
for b in range(len(buttons)):
buttons[b].config(bg = 'white')
for bb in range(len(btn_bools)):
btn_bools[bb] = False
def run_Application():
app = Main()
app.master.geometry('200x50')
app.mainloop()
run_Application()
我尝试使用包含 Int 属性的“简单”类测试类似的方法，并且
效果很好！
从错误报告中，我知道列出按钮不是一个好主意，如果不是不可能的话。
我确实在 Google 上搜索了很多示例或类似问题，但没有
得到任何好的结果。
我还搜索了 Python 中的指针实现并
感到困惑。我试图查看是否可以保存指向
按钮的变量，但我认为结果是相同的。列表将其对象读取为按钮并
引发错误。
所以，我的问题是：
1. 这能以某种方式完成吗？（大大缩短了第一个代码示例。）
2. 关于列出一般的按钮或小部件：如果可以，怎么做？如果不是，为什么？
3. 在第二个代码示例中，我需要我的按钮命令包含
我的函数所需的“i”参数。这个怎么打？似乎只添加 (i) 是行不通的。
提前致谢！