c++ - 将输出文本格式化为 .doc/.docx

Question

我搜索了如何将文本格式化为 .doc/.docx 文件数周，但我没有找到任何好的解决方案。

所以我的问题是：

如何格式化文本以输出 .doc/.docx 文件？（粗体、中心等）

Answer 1

尽管您的问题格式不正确，但我会尽力提供帮助。

Microsoft 有一个关于在 C++ 中使用 Microsoft Office 格式的支持页面。这看起来是一个相当艰难的过程。

您关心的文件是：

字 2002 | msword.olb

这是一个试图解决您的问题的codeguru 链接，它可能有点过时了。它允许您

CreateBlankDocument ()
AppendText(CString szText)
GetLine(int nLine)

OpenWordFile(CString szFileName)

SaveWordFileAs(CString szFileName)

好的：这篇Microsoft Word 自动化帖子教您自动化 Word 文档的全部功能。我为后面的文字墙道歉。

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <ole2.h>

// 
// AutoWrap() - Automation helper function...
// 
HRESULT AutoWrap(int autoType, VARIANT *pvResult, IDispatch *pDisp, 
      LPOLESTR ptName, int cArgs...) 
{
      // Begin variable-argument list...
      va_list marker;
      va_start(marker, cArgs);

      if(!pDisp) {
            MessageBox(NULL, "NULL IDispatch passed to AutoWrap()", 
                       "Error", 0x10010);
            _exit(0);
      }

      // Variables used...
      DISPPARAMS dp = { NULL, NULL, 0, 0 };
      DISPID dispidNamed = DISPID_PROPERTYPUT;
      DISPID dispID;
      HRESULT hr;
      char buf[200];
      char szName[200];
   
      // Convert down to ANSI
      WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, ptName, -1, szName, 256, NULL, NULL);
   
      // Get DISPID for name passed...
      hr = pDisp->GetIDsOfNames(IID_NULL, &ptName, 1, LOCALE_USER_DEFAULT, 
                                &dispID);
      if(FAILED(hr)) {
            sprintf(buf, 
                    "IDispatch::GetIDsOfNames(\"%s\") failed w/err0x%08lx",
                    szName, hr);
            MessageBox(NULL, buf, "AutoWrap()", 0x10010);
            _exit(0);
            return hr;
      }
   
      // Allocate memory for arguments...
      VARIANT *pArgs = new VARIANT[cArgs+1];

      // Extract arguments...
      for(int i=0; i<cArgs; i++) {
            pArgs[i] = va_arg(marker, VARIANT);
      }
   
      // Build DISPPARAMS
      dp.cArgs = cArgs;
      dp.rgvarg = pArgs;
   
      // Handle special-case for property-puts!
      if(autoType & DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUT) {
            dp.cNamedArgs = 1;
            dp.rgdispidNamedArgs = &dispidNamed;
      }
   
      // Make the call!
      hr = pDisp->Invoke(dispID, IID_NULL, LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT, autoType, 
                         &dp, pvResult, NULL, NULL);
      if(FAILED(hr)) {
            sprintf(buf,
                    "IDispatch::Invoke(\"%s\"=%08lx) failed w/err 0x%08lx", 
                    szName, dispID, hr);
            MessageBox(NULL, buf, "AutoWrap()", 0x10010);
            _exit(0);
            return hr;
      }
      // End variable-argument section...
      va_end(marker);
   
      delete [] pArgs;
   
      return hr;

}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
      // Initialize COM for this thread...
      CoInitialize(NULL);

      // Get CLSID for Word.Application...
      CLSID clsid;
      HRESULT hr = CLSIDFromProgID(L"Word.Application", &clsid);
      if(FAILED(hr)) {
            ::MessageBox(NULL, "CLSIDFromProgID() failed", "Error", 
                         0x10010);
            return -1;
      }

      // Start Word and get IDispatch...
      IDispatch *pWordApp;
      hr = CoCreateInstance(clsid, NULL, CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, 
                            IID_IDispatch, (void **)&pWordApp);
      if(FAILED(hr)) {
            ::MessageBox(NULL, "Word not registered properly", 
                         "Error", 0x10010);
            return -2;
      }

      // Make Word visible
      {
            VARIANT x;
            x.vt = VT_I4;
            x.lVal = 1;
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUT, NULL, pWordApp, L"Visible", 1, 
                     x);
      }

      // Get Documents collection
      IDispatch *pDocs;
      {
            VARIANT result;
            VariantInit(&result);
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &result, pWordApp, L"Documents", 
                     0);

            pDocs = result.pdispVal;
      }

      // Call Documents.Open() to open C:\Doc1.doc
      IDispatch *pDoc;
      {
            VARIANT result;
            VariantInit(&result);
            VARIANT x;
            x.vt = VT_BSTR;
            x.bstrVal = ::SysAllocString(L"C:\\Doc1.doc");

            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_METHOD, &result, pDocs, L"Open", 1, x);
            pDoc = result.pdispVal;
            SysFreeString(x.bstrVal);
      }

      // Get BuiltinDocumentProperties collection
      IDispatch *pProps;
      {
            VARIANT result;
            VariantInit(&result);
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &result, pDoc, 
                     L"BuiltinDocumentProperties", 0);
            pProps = result.pdispVal;
      }

      // Get "Subject" from BuiltInDocumentProperties.Item("Subject")
      IDispatch *pPropSubject;
      {
            VARIANT result;
            VariantInit(&result);
            VARIANT x;
            x.vt = VT_BSTR;
            x.bstrVal = ::SysAllocString(L"Subject");
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &result, pProps, L"Item", 1, x);
            pPropSubject = result.pdispVal;
            SysFreeString(x.bstrVal);
      }

      // Get the Value of the Subject property and display it
      {
            VARIANT result;
            VariantInit(&result);
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &result, pPropSubject, L"Value",
                     0);
            char buf[512];
            wcstombs(buf, result.bstrVal, 512);
            ::MessageBox(NULL, buf, "Subject", 0x10000);
         
      }

      // Set the Value of the Subject DocumentProperty
      {
            VARIANT x;
            x.vt = VT_BSTR;
            x.bstrVal = ::SysAllocString(L"This is my subject");
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_PROPERTYPUT, NULL, pPropSubject, L"Value", 1, 
                     x);
            ::MessageBox(NULL, 
                         "Subject property changed, examine document.",
                         "Subject", 0x10000);
            SysFreeString(x.bstrVal);
      }

      // Get CustomDocumentProperties collection
      IDispatch *pCustomProps;
      {
            VARIANT result;
            VariantInit(&result);
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &result, pDoc, 
                     L"CustomDocumentProperties", 0);
            pCustomProps = result.pdispVal;
      }

      // Add a new property named "CurrentYear"
      {     
            VARIANT parm1, parm2, parm3, parm4;
            parm1.vt = VT_BSTR;
            parm1.bstrVal = SysAllocString(L"CurrentYear");
            parm2.vt = VT_BOOL;
            parm2.boolVal = false;
            parm3.vt = VT_I4;
            parm3.lVal = 1; //msoPropertyTypeNumber = 1
            parm4.vt = VT_I4;
            parm4.lVal = 1999;

            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_METHOD, NULL, pCustomProps, L"Add", 4, parm4,
                     parm3, parm2, parm1);
            ::MessageBox(NULL, "Custom property added, examine document.",
                         "Custom Property", 0x10000);
            SysFreeString(parm1.bstrVal);
      }

      // Get the custom property "CurrentYear" and delete it
      IDispatch *pCustomProp;
      {
            VARIANT result;
            VariantInit(&result);
            VARIANT x;
            x.vt = VT_BSTR;
            x.bstrVal = ::SysAllocString(L"CurrentYear");
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_PROPERTYGET, &result, pCustomProps, L"Item",
                     1, x);
            pCustomProp = result.pdispVal;
            SysFreeString(x.bstrVal);
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_METHOD, NULL, pCustomProp, L"Delete", 0);
            ::MessageBox(NULL,
                         "Custom property removed, examine document.",
                         "Custom Property", 0x10000);
      }
      
      // Close the document without saving changes and quit Word
      {
            VARIANT x;
            x.vt = VT_BOOL;
            x.boolVal = false;
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_METHOD, NULL, pDoc, L"Close", 1, x);
            AutoWrap(DISPATCH_METHOD, NULL, pWordApp, L"Quit", 0);
      }

      // Cleanup
      pCustomProp->Release();
      pCustomProps->Release();
      pPropSubject->Release();
      pProps->Release();
      pDoc->Release();
      pDocs->Release();
      pWordApp->Release();


      // Uninitialize COM for this thread...
      CoUninitialize();

      return 0;
}

Answer 2

一种可能的解决方案是使用 libOPC。文档显示了简单的示例（不是那么简单）。它的跨平台解决方案。

最简单的例子之一

#include <opc/opc.h>

int main( int argc, const char* argv[] )
{
    opcInitLibrary();
    opcContainer *c=opcContainerOpen(_X("sample.opc"), OPC_OPEN_READ_WRITE, NULL, NULL); 
    opcPart part1=opcPartCreate(c, _X("part1.xml"), _X("text/plain"), 0); 
    opcPart part2=opcPartCreate(c, _X("part2.xml"), _X("text/plain"), 0); 

    opcContainerOutputStream *stream1=opcContainerCreateOutputStream(c, part1); 
    opcContainerOutputStream *stream2=opcContainerCreateOutputStream(c, part2); 

    // WRITE to stream1 and stream2 concurrently using
    opcContainerWriteOutputStream(stream1, "HELLO", 5);
    opcContainerWriteOutputStream(stream2, "HELLO", 5);
    opcContainerWriteOutputStream(stream2, " WORLD", 6);
    opcContainerWriteOutputStream(stream1, " WORLD", 6);

    opcContainerCloseOutputStream(stream1); 
    opcContainerCloseOutputStream(stream2); 
    opcContainerClose(c, OPC_CLOSE_NOW);
    opcFreeLibrary();
    return 0;
}

Answer 3

如果您想读取或写入.docx文件，您需要熟悉适用于 Office Open XML 格式文档的 EMCA-376 标准。您可以在EMCA 网站上找到这些文档（各种版本）的集合

Answer 4

您将需要一个库，或进行 Word 自动化。

Word 的内部格式相当复杂，您不想直接尝试这样做。