12

如何根据“-”字符拆分以下字符串？

所以如果我有这个字符串： LD-23DSP-1430

我怎么能把它分成这样的单独的列：

LD        23DSP       1430

另外，如果我需要的话，有没有办法将每个字符分成一个单独的字段（没有'-'）？我试图找到一种方法用北约字母表替换每个字母。

所以这将是......利马三角洲二十三三角洲塞拉帕帕十四三十......在一个领域。

我知道我可以像这样得到左侧：

LEFT(@item, CHARINDEX('-', @item) - 1)
4

6 回答 6

12

我不会说这很容易或很明显，但只需两个连字符，您就可以反转字符串，而且不太难：

with t as (select 'LD-23DSP-1430' as val)
select t.*,
       LEFT(val, charindex('-', val) - 1),
   SUBSTRING(val, charindex('-', val)+1, len(val) - CHARINDEX('-', reverse(val)) - charindex('-', val)),
       REVERSE(LEFT(reverse(val), charindex('-', reverse(val)) - 1))
from t;

除此之外，您可能还想使用它split()。

于 2013-07-09T18:48:29.103 回答
6

这是一个小功能，将为您执行“北约编码”：

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.NATOEncode (
   @String varchar(max)
)
RETURNS TABLE
WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
RETURN (
   WITH L1 (N) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 1),
   L2 (N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM L1, L1 B),
   L3 (N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM L2, L2 B),
   L4 (N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM L3, L3 B),
   L5 (N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM L4, L4 C),
   L6 (N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM L5, L5 C),
   Nums (Num) AS (SELECT Row_Number() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 1)) FROM L6)
   SELECT
      NATOString = Substring((
         SELECT
            Convert(varchar(max), ' ' + D.Word)
         FROM
            Nums N
            INNER JOIN (VALUES
               ('A', 'Alpha'),
               ('B', 'Beta'),
               ('C', 'Charlie'),
               ('D', 'Delta'),
               ('E', 'Echo'),
               ('F', 'Foxtrot'),
               ('G', 'Golf'),
               ('H', 'Hotel'),
               ('I', 'India'),
               ('J', 'Juliet'),
               ('K', 'Kilo'),
               ('L', 'Lima'),
               ('M', 'Mike'),
               ('N', 'November'),
               ('O', 'Oscar'),
               ('P', 'Papa'),
               ('Q', 'Quebec'),
               ('R', 'Romeo'),
               ('S', 'Sierra'),
               ('T', 'Tango'),
               ('U', 'Uniform'),
               ('V', 'Victor'),
               ('W', 'Whiskey'),
               ('X', 'X-Ray'),
               ('Y', 'Yankee'),
               ('Z', 'Zulu'),
               ('0', 'Zero'),
               ('1', 'One'),
               ('2', 'Two'),
               ('3', 'Three'),
               ('4', 'Four'),
               ('5', 'Five'),
               ('6', 'Six'),
               ('7', 'Seven'),
               ('8', 'Eight'),
               ('9', 'Niner')
            ) D (Digit, Word)
               ON Substring(@String, N.Num, 1) = D.Digit
         WHERE
            N.Num <= Len(@String)
         FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
      ).value('.[1]', 'varchar(max)'), 2, 2147483647)
);

这个函数甚至可以处理很长的字符串，并且性能很好（我对一个 100,000 个字符的字符串运行它，它在 589 毫秒内返回）。以下是如何使用它的示例：

SELECT NATOString FROM dbo.NATOEncode('LD-23DSP-1430');
-- Output: Lima Delta Two Three Delta Sierra Papa One Four Three Zero

我故意将其设为表值函数，因此如果您一次针对多行运行它，它可以内联到查询中，只需使用CROSS APPLY或将上面的示例包装在括号中以将其用作SELECT子句中的值（您可以放一个函数参数位置中的列名）。

于 2013-07-09T19:08:34.467 回答
2

尝试以下查询：

DECLARE @item VARCHAR(MAX) = 'LD-23DSP-1430'

SELECT
SUBSTRING( @item, 0, CHARINDEX('-', @item)) ,
SUBSTRING(
               SUBSTRING( @item, CHARINDEX('-', @item)+1,LEN(@ITEM)) ,
               0 ,
               CHARINDEX('-', SUBSTRING( @item, CHARINDEX('-', @item)+1,LEN(@ITEM)))
              ),
REVERSE(SUBSTRING( REVERSE(@ITEM), 0, CHARINDEX('-', REVERSE(@ITEM))))
于 2013-07-09T18:56:08.523 回答
0 
Create FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplitString] 
( 
    @string NVARCHAR(200), 
    @delimiter CHAR(1) 
) 
RETURNS @output TABLE(splitdata NVARCHAR(10) 
) 
BEGIN 
    DECLARE @start INT, @end INT 
    SELECT @start = 1, @end = CHARINDEX(@delimiter, @string) 
    WHILE @start < LEN(@string) + 1 BEGIN 
        IF @end = 0  
            SET @end = LEN(@string) + 1

        INSERT INTO @output (splitdata)  
        VALUES(SUBSTRING(@string, @start, @end - @start)) 
        SET @start = @end + 1 
        SET @end = CHARINDEX(@delimiter, @string, @start)

    END 
    RETURN 

END**strong text**
于 2014-06-17T12:15:02.107 回答
0 
    USE [master]
    GO
    /******  this function returns Pakistan where as if you want to get ireland simply replace (SELECT SUBSTRING(@NEWSTRING,CHARINDEX('$@$@$',@NEWSTRING)+5,LEN(@NEWSTRING))) with
SELECT @NEWSTRING = (SELECT SUBSTRING(@NEWSTRING, 0,CHARINDEX('$@$@$',@NEWSTRING)))******/
    SET ANSI_NULLS ON
    GO
    SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
    GO
    CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[FN_RETURN_AFTER_SPLITER] 
    (  
     @SPLITER varchar(max))
    RETURNS VARCHAR(max)
    AS 
    BEGIN

    --declare @testString varchar(100),
    DECLARE @NEWSTRING VARCHAR(max) 
    -- set @teststring = '@ram?eez(ali)'
     SET @NEWSTRING = @SPLITER ; 

    SELECT @NEWSTRING = (SELECT SUBSTRING(@NEWSTRING,CHARINDEX('$@$@$',@NEWSTRING)+5,LEN(@NEWSTRING)))
    return @NEWSTRING 
    END
    --select [dbo].[FN_RETURN_AFTER_SPLITER]  ('Ireland$@$@$Pakistan')
于 2014-05-02T09:55:29.870 回答
-1 
DECLARE @variable VARCHAR(100) = 'LD-23DSP-1430';
WITH    Split
      AS ( SELECT   @variable AS list ,
                    charone = LEFT(@variable, 1) ,
                    R = RIGHT(@variable, LEN(@variable) - 1) ,
                    'A' AS MasterOne
           UNION ALL
           SELECT   Split.list ,
                    LEFT(Split.R, 1) ,
                    R = RIGHT(split.R, LEN(Split.R) - 1) ,
                    'B' AS MasterOne
           FROM     Split
           WHERE    LEN(Split.R) > 0
         )
SELECT  *
FROM    Split
OPTION  ( MAXRECURSION 10000 );
于 2014-12-17T09:50:03.553 回答