我需要读取 Access 2003 数据库中 100 多个表的属性,并将这些详细信息(表名、字段名、类型和大小)写入文件以获取进一步的文档。
我在网络搜索中找不到任何关于读取字段属性的信息,只有字段值......
有人能告诉我我必须声明哪些记录集变量(和语法)来循环遍历数据库中的所有表并从每个表中提取字段名称、类型和大小吗?我会将结果写入文本文件,但我想我可以处理!:)
在我能解决这个问题之前,我处于停顿状态。我花了一天时间手动记录两张表。有些表有超过 100 个字段。
带有这些选项的 Database Documenter 向导应该会以最少的努力为您提供所需的内容。
如果该方法不令人满意,您可以使用自定义 VBA 代码来收集您想要的信息。您可以通过循环访问 DAO TableDefs 集合来检索数据库中表的名称。
Dim db As DAO.Database
Dim tdf As DAO.TableDef
Set db = CurrentDb
For Each tdf In db.TableDefs
' ignore system and temporary tables
If Not (tdf.name Like "MSys*" Or tdf.name Like "~*") Then
Debug.Print tdf.name
End If
Next
Set tdf = Nothing
Set db = Nothing
要获得所需的字段详细信息,请调整 Allen Browne 的TableInfo() 函数...用文件写入语句替换Debug.Print
语句。请注意,该函数使用 2 个辅助函数GetDescrip
和FieldTypeName
,这两个函数都包含在该链接页面中。
TableInfo()
这是我数据库中表的即时窗口输出示例--- 我认为它包含您想要的字段信息。
TableInfo "foo"
FIELD NAME FIELD TYPE SIZE DESCRIPTION
========== ========== ==== ===========
id AutoNumber 4
MyNumber Long Integer 4
MyText Text 255
bar Long Integer 4
========== ========== ==== ===========
调整函数后,从For Each tdf
上面示例中的循环调用它并分别输入tdf.name
:
TableInfo tdf.name
您将不得不对此进行一些调整,它旨在将表从一个数据库复制到另一个数据库,但它应该是一个很好的起点。
' Database.
Dim dbRep As DAO.Database
Dim dbNew As DAO.Database
' For copying tables and indexes.
Dim tblRep As DAO.TableDef
Dim tblNew As DAO.TableDef
Dim fldRep As DAO.Field
Dim fldNew As DAO.Field
Dim idxRep As DAO.Index
Dim idxNew As DAO.Index
' For copying data.
Dim rstRep As DAO.Recordset
Dim rstNew As DAO.Recordset
Dim rec1 As DAO.Recordset
Dim rec2 As Recordset
Dim intC As Integer
' For copying table relationships.
Dim relRep As DAO.Relation
Dim relNew As DAO.Relation
' For copying queries.
Dim qryRep As DAO.QueryDef
Dim qryNew As DAO.QueryDef
' For copying startup options.
Dim avarSUOpt
Dim strSUOpt As String
Dim varValue
Dim varType
Dim prpRep As DAO.Property
Dim prpNew As DAO.Property
' For importing forms, reports, modules, and macros.
Dim appNew As New Access.Application
Dim doc As DAO.Document
' Open the database, not in exclusive mode.
Set dbRep = OpenDatabase(Forms!CMDB_frmUpgrade.TxtDatabase, False)
' Open the new database
Set dbNew = CurrentDb
DoEvents
' Turn on the hourglass.
DoCmd.Hourglass True
'********************
Debug.Print "Copy Tables"
'********************
If Forms!CMDB_frmUpgrade.CkTables = True Then
Forms!CMDB_frmUpgrade.LstMessages.addItem "Copying Tables:"
' Loop through the collection of table definitions.
For Each tblRep In dbRep.TableDefs
Set rec1 = dbRep.OpenRecordset("SELECT MSysObjects.Name FROM MsysObjects WHERE ([Name] = '" & tblRep.Name & "') AND ((MSysObjects.Type)=4 or (MSysObjects.Type)=6)")
If rec1.EOF Then
XF = 0
Else
XF = 1
End If
' Ignore system tables and CMDB tables.
If InStr(1, tblRep.Name, "MSys", vbTextCompare) = 0 And _
InStr(1, tblRep.Name, "CMDB", vbTextCompare) = 0 And _
XF = 0 Then
'***** Table definition
' Create a table definition with the same name.
Set tblNew = dbNew.CreateTableDef(tblRep.Name)
Forms!CMDB_frmUpgrade.LstMessages.addItem "--> " & tblRep.Name & ""
' Set properties.
tblNew.ValidationRule = tblRep.ValidationRule
tblNew.ValidationText = tblRep.ValidationText
' Loop through the collection of fields in the table.
For Each fldRep In tblRep.Fields
' Ignore replication-related fields:
' Gen_XXX, s_ColLineage, s_Generation, s_GUID, s_Lineage
If InStr(1, fldRep.Name, "s_", vbTextCompare) = 0 And _
InStr(1, fldRep.Name, "Gen_", vbTextCompare) = 0 Then
'***** Field definition
Set fldNew = tblNew.CreateField(fldRep.Name, fldRep.Type, _
fldRep.Size)
' Set properties.
On Error Resume Next
fldNew.Attributes = fldRep.Attributes
fldNew.AllowZeroLength = fldRep.AllowZeroLength
fldNew.DefaultValue = fldRep.DefaultValue
fldNew.Required = fldRep.Required
fldNew.Size = fldRep.Size
' Append the field.
tblNew.Fields.Append fldNew
'On Error GoTo Err_NewShell
End If
Next fldRep
'***** Index definition
' Loop through the collection of indexes.
For Each idxRep In tblRep.Indexes
' Ignore replication-related indexes:
' s_Generation, s_GUID
If InStr(1, idxRep.Name, "s_", vbTextCompare) = 0 Then
' Ignore indices set as part of Relation Objects
If Not idxRep.Foreign Then
' Create an index with the same name.
Set idxNew = tblNew.CreateIndex(idxRep.Name)
' Set properties.
idxNew.Clustered = idxRep.Clustered
idxNew.IgnoreNulls = idxRep.IgnoreNulls
idxNew.Primary = idxRep.Primary
idxNew.Required = idxRep.Required
idxNew.Unique = idxRep.Unique
' Loop through the collection of index fields.
For Each fldRep In idxRep.Fields
' Create an index field with the same name.
Set fldNew = idxNew.CreateField(fldRep.Name)
' Set properties.
fldNew.Attributes = fldRep.Attributes
' Append the index field.
idxNew.Fields.Append fldNew
Next fldRep
' Append the index to the table.
tblNew.Indexes.Append idxNew
End If
End If
Next idxRep
' Append the table.
dbNew.TableDefs.Append tblNew
End If
Next tblRep
以下 sub 会将所有表名、字段名、类型、必填、默认值导出到 Excel 工作表
Sub TableDef()
Dim def As TableDef
Dim wb As Object
Dim xL As Object
Dim lngRow As Long
Dim f As Field
Set xL = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
xL.Visible = True
Set wb = xL.workbooks.Add
lngRow = 2
For Each def In CurrentDb.TableDefs
For Each f In def.Fields
With wb.sheets("Sheet1")
.Range("A" & lngRow).Value = def.Name
.Range("B" & lngRow).Value = f.Name
.Range("C" & lngRow).Value = f.Type
.Range("D" & lngRow).Value = f.Size
.Range("E" & lngRow).Value = f.Required
.Range("F" & lngRow).Value = f.DefaultValue
lngRow = lngRow + 1
End With
Next
Next
End Sub