7

这里的想法很简单，但实现有一些有趣的细微差别。这是我想在.NET 4中实现的扩展方法的签名。

public static Task<WebResponse> GetResponseAsync(this WebRequest request, CancellationToken token);

这是我最初的实现。根据我的阅读，Web 请求可能需要因 timeout 而被取消。除了该页面上描述的支持之外，request.Abort()如果通过CancellationToken.

public static Task<WebResponse> GetResponseAsync(this WebRequest request, CancellationToken token)
{
    if (request == null)
        throw new ArgumentNullException("request");

    return Task.Factory.FromAsync<WebRequest, CancellationToken, WebResponse>(BeginGetResponse, request.EndGetResponse, request, token, null);
}

private static IAsyncResult BeginGetResponse(WebRequest request, CancellationToken token, AsyncCallback callback, object state)
{
    IAsyncResult asyncResult = request.BeginGetResponse(callback, state);
    if (!asyncResult.IsCompleted)
    {
        if (request.Timeout != Timeout.Infinite)
            ThreadPool.RegisterWaitForSingleObject(asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle, WebRequestTimeoutCallback, request, request.Timeout, true);
        if (token != CancellationToken.None)
            ThreadPool.RegisterWaitForSingleObject(token.WaitHandle, WebRequestCancelledCallback, Tuple.Create(request, token), Timeout.Infinite, true);
    }

    return asyncResult;
}

private static void WebRequestTimeoutCallback(object state, bool timedOut)
{
    if (timedOut)
    {
        WebRequest request = state as WebRequest;
        if (request != null)
            request.Abort();
    }
}

private static void WebRequestCancelledCallback(object state, bool timedOut)
{
    Tuple<WebRequest, CancellationToken> data = state as Tuple<WebRequest, CancellationToken>;
    if (data != null && data.Item2.IsCancellationRequested)
    {
        data.Item1.Abort();
    }
}

我的问题很简单但很有挑战性。当与 TPL 一起使用时，此实现实际上会按预期运行吗？

4

1 回答 1

6

当与 TPL 一起使用时，此实现实际上会按预期运行吗？

不。

  1. 它不会将Task<T>结果标记为已取消，因此行为不会完全符合预期。
  2. 如果发生超时，reported by中WebException包含的将具有状态。它应该是.AggregateExceptionTask.ExceptionWebExceptionStatus.RequestCanceledWebExceptionStatus.Timeout

我实际上建议使用TaskCompletionSource<T>来实现这一点。这允许您编写代码而无需创建自己的 APM 样式方法：

public static Task<WebResponse> GetResponseAsync(this WebRequest request, CancellationToken token)
{
    if (request == null)
        throw new ArgumentNullException("request");

    bool timeout = false;
    TaskCompletionSource<WebResponse> completionSource = new TaskCompletionSource<WebResponse>();

    AsyncCallback completedCallback =
        result =>
        {
            try
            {
                completionSource.TrySetResult(request.EndGetResponse(result));
            }
            catch (WebException ex)
            {
                if (timeout)
                    completionSource.TrySetException(new WebException("No response was received during the time-out period for a request.", WebExceptionStatus.Timeout));
                else if (token.IsCancellationRequested)
                    completionSource.TrySetCanceled();
                else
                    completionSource.TrySetException(ex);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                completionSource.TrySetException(ex);
            }
        };

    IAsyncResult asyncResult = request.BeginGetResponse(completedCallback, null);
    if (!asyncResult.IsCompleted)
    {
        if (request.Timeout != Timeout.Infinite)
        {
            WaitOrTimerCallback timedOutCallback =
                (object state, bool timedOut) =>
                {
                    if (timedOut)
                    {
                        timeout = true;
                        request.Abort();
                    }
                };

            ThreadPool.RegisterWaitForSingleObject(asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle, timedOutCallback, null, request.Timeout, true);
        }

        if (token != CancellationToken.None)
        {
            WaitOrTimerCallback cancelledCallback =
                (object state, bool timedOut) =>
                {
                    if (token.IsCancellationRequested)
                        request.Abort();
                };

            ThreadPool.RegisterWaitForSingleObject(token.WaitHandle, cancelledCallback, null, Timeout.Infinite, true);
        }
    }

    return completionSource.Task;
}

此处的优点是您的Task<T>结果将完全按预期工作（将被标记为已取消，或使用超时信息引发与同步版本相同的异常等）。这也避免了使用的开销Task.Factory.FromAsync，因为您已经自己处理了其中涉及的大部分困难工作。

280Z28 的附录

这是一个单元测试，显示了上述方法的正确操作。

[TestClass]
public class AsyncWebRequestTests
{
    [TestMethod]
    public void TestAsyncWebRequest()
    {
        Uri uri = new Uri("http://google.com");
        WebRequest request = HttpWebRequest.Create(uri);
        Task<WebResponse> response = request.GetResponseAsync();
        response.Wait();
    }

    [TestMethod]
    public void TestAsyncWebRequestTimeout()
    {
        Uri uri = new Uri("http://google.com");
        WebRequest request = HttpWebRequest.Create(uri);
        request.Timeout = 0;
        Task<WebResponse> response = request.GetResponseAsync();
        try
        {
            response.Wait();
            Assert.Fail("Expected an exception");
        }
        catch (AggregateException exception)
        {
            Assert.AreEqual(TaskStatus.Faulted, response.Status);

            ReadOnlyCollection<Exception> exceptions = exception.InnerExceptions;
            Assert.AreEqual(1, exceptions.Count);
            Assert.IsInstanceOfType(exceptions[0], typeof(WebException));

            WebException webException = (WebException)exceptions[0];
            Assert.AreEqual(WebExceptionStatus.Timeout, webException.Status);
        }
    }

    [TestMethod]
    public void TestAsyncWebRequestCancellation()
    {
        Uri uri = new Uri("http://google.com");
        WebRequest request = HttpWebRequest.Create(uri);
        CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
        Task<WebResponse> response = request.GetResponseAsync(cancellationTokenSource.Token);
        cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
        try
        {
            response.Wait();
            Assert.Fail("Expected an exception");
        }
        catch (AggregateException exception)
        {
            Assert.AreEqual(TaskStatus.Canceled, response.Status);

            ReadOnlyCollection<Exception> exceptions = exception.InnerExceptions;
            Assert.AreEqual(1, exceptions.Count);
            Assert.IsInstanceOfType(exceptions[0], typeof(OperationCanceledException));
        }
    }

    [TestMethod]
    public void TestAsyncWebRequestError()
    {
        Uri uri = new Uri("http://google.com/fail");
        WebRequest request = HttpWebRequest.Create(uri);
        Task<WebResponse> response = request.GetResponseAsync();
        try
        {
            response.Wait();
            Assert.Fail("Expected an exception");
        }
        catch (AggregateException exception)
        {
            Assert.AreEqual(TaskStatus.Faulted, response.Status);

            ReadOnlyCollection<Exception> exceptions = exception.InnerExceptions;
            Assert.AreEqual(1, exceptions.Count);
            Assert.IsInstanceOfType(exceptions[0], typeof(WebException));

            WebException webException = (WebException)exceptions[0];
            Assert.AreEqual(HttpStatusCode.NotFound, ((HttpWebResponse)webException.Response).StatusCode);
        }
    }
}
于 2013-07-05T18:11:02.853 回答