我正在尝试在我用 Python 设计的 GUI 上绘制图像。完整的程序将从相机收集图像数据,然后在 GUI 上显示图像。我已经探索过使用 matplotlib,但它对我的应用程序来说太慢了。我需要情节更新得相当快(最好尽可能快地从相机获取,每半秒或一秒一次)。这对 pyqt 来说是一个挑战,因为似乎即使使用 QThread,绘图也只能在主线程上更新,这会导致我的程序停止并且用户无法访问 GUI。
我读到 pyqtgraph 应该是一个比 matplotlib 快得多的绘图库。所以我试了一下,喜欢它,但是在显示图像的时候,它似乎和matplotlib有同样的问题。它停止整个 GUI。我做了一些研究并遇到了这个问题:没有paintEvent的绘画,其中一个答案建议使用QtProcess()。因此,我的问题是是否有可能(如果可以,您能否提供一些示例代码)将 QtProcess() 实现到 GUI 中,即如何在一个单独的进程中运行 GUI 上的绘图?(另外,如果有办法用 matplotlib 做到这一点,那将非常有帮助。)
这是我设计用来测试我的问题的简单示例。我从 pyqtgraph 的示例中获取了一个示例脚本,并将 pyqtgraph 图导入到 pyqt 小部件中。然后当按下按钮时,它显示的情节。如果您运行脚本,您会注意到第一个绘图需要很长时间才能加载(6 或 7 秒)。再次按下按钮,它似乎加载得更快。我在 QThread() 中进行所有数据生成,但绘图似乎需要主线程才能工作,即使它是在 QThread 中完成的。除了使用 QtProcess() 来处理绘图之外,我想做与此示例完全相同的事情。
欢迎任何其他关于绘图或可能替代方案的建议。谢谢
图形用户界面脚本:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'GUI.ui'
#
# Created: Fri Jun 28 14:40:22 2013
# by: PyQt4 UI code generator 4.9.5
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
try:
_fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8
except AttributeError:
_fromUtf8 = lambda s: s
class Ui_MainWindow(object):
def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
MainWindow.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("MainWindow"))
MainWindow.resize(800, 534)
self.centralwidget = QtGui.QWidget(MainWindow)
self.centralwidget.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("centralwidget"))
self.gridLayout_2 = QtGui.QGridLayout(self.centralwidget)
self.gridLayout_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("gridLayout_2"))
self.gridLayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
self.gridLayout.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("gridLayout"))
self.scrollArea = QtGui.QScrollArea(self.centralwidget)
self.scrollArea.setFrameShape(QtGui.QFrame.NoFrame)
self.scrollArea.setFrameShadow(QtGui.QFrame.Plain)
self.scrollArea.setWidgetResizable(True)
self.scrollArea.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("scrollArea"))
self.scrollAreaWidgetContents = QtGui.QWidget()
self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 780, 514))
self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("scrollAreaWidgetContents"))
self.widgetPlot = QtGui.QWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
self.widgetPlot.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 10, 741, 451))
self.widgetPlot.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("widgetPlot"))
self.pushButtonPlot = QtGui.QPushButton(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
self.pushButtonPlot.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(340, 480, 75, 23))
self.pushButtonPlot.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButtonPlot"))
self.scrollArea.setWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)
self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.scrollArea, 1, 0, 1, 1)
self.gridLayout_2.addLayout(self.gridLayout, 0, 0, 1, 1)
MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
MainWindow.setWindowTitle(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8))
self.pushButtonPlot.setText(QtGui.QApplication.translate("MainWindow", "Plot", None, QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8))
包装:
import numpy as np
import scipy
from pyqtgraph.Qt import QtCore, QtGui
import pyqtgraph as pg
import sys
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtGui import *
from GUI import Ui_MainWindow
class MyForm(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
self.ui.setupUi(self)
self.imv = pg.ImageView()
vbox = QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addWidget(self.imv)
self.ui.widgetPlot.setLayout(vbox)
self.plot_thread = plotData()
self.connect(self.ui.pushButtonPlot, SIGNAL("clicked()"), lambda : self.plot_thread.input(self.imv))
def threadPlot(self):
self.plot_thread.input(self.imv)
def plot(self):
## Create random 3D data set with noisy signals
self.img = scipy.ndimage.gaussian_filter(np.random.normal(size=(200, 200)), (5, 5)) * 20 + 100
self.img = self.img[np.newaxis,:,:]
decay = np.exp(-np.linspace(0,0.3,100))[:,np.newaxis,np.newaxis]
data = np.random.normal(size=(100, 200, 200))
data += self.img * decay
data += 2
## Add time-varying signal
sig = np.zeros(data.shape[0])
sig[30:] += np.exp(-np.linspace(1,10, 70))
sig[40:] += np.exp(-np.linspace(1,10, 60))
sig[70:] += np.exp(-np.linspace(1,10, 30))
sig = sig[:,np.newaxis,np.newaxis] * 3
data[:,50:60,50:60] += sig
self.imv.setImage(data, xvals=np.linspace(1., 3., data.shape[0]))
class plotData(QThread):
def __init__(self,parent=None):
QThread.__init__(self,parent)
self.exiting = False
def input(self, imv):
self.imv = imv
self.start()
def collectImage(self):
## Create random 3D data set with noisy signals
self.img = scipy.ndimage.gaussian_filter(np.random.normal(size=(200, 200)), (5, 5)) * 20 + 100
self.img = self.img[np.newaxis,:,:]
decay = np.exp(-np.linspace(0,0.3,100))[:,np.newaxis,np.newaxis]
data = np.random.normal(size=(100, 200, 200))
data += self.img * decay
data += 2
## Add time-varying signal
sig = np.zeros(data.shape[0])
sig[30:] += np.exp(-np.linspace(1,10, 70))
sig[40:] += np.exp(-np.linspace(1,10, 60))
sig[70:] += np.exp(-np.linspace(1,10, 30))
sig = sig[:,np.newaxis,np.newaxis] * 3
data[:,50:60,50:60] += sig
self.imv.setImage(data, xvals=np.linspace(1., 3., data.shape[0]))
def run(self):
self.collectImage()
self.emit(SIGNAL("Done"))
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
myapp = MyForm()
myapp.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
我尝试使用 QtProcess() 的尝试(不成功,我不知道如何将 QtProcess() 小部件导入 Qt GUI):
import numpy as np
import scipy
from pyqtgraph.Qt import QtCore, QtGui
import pyqtgraph as pg
import sys
from PyQt4.QtCore import *
from PyQt4.QtGui import *
from GUI import Ui_MainWindow
class MyForm(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
self.ui.setupUi(self)
self.proc = mp.QtProcess()
self.remotepg = self.proc._import('pyqtgraph')
self.win = self.remotepg.plot()
self.imv = self.win.plot([1,4,2,3], [4,6,3,4], pen=None, symbol='o')
vbox = QVBoxLayout()
vbox.addWidget(self.imv)
self.ui.widgetPlot.setLayout(vbox)
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
myapp = MyForm()
myapp.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())