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我是 Python 新手，现在我正在学习用它编写一些网络抓取脚本。但是一些奇怪的事情不断发生，我不知道为什么。经过一番测试后，我相信问题出在urllib2.urlopen()功能上。听我说：

当我使用 bash 打开 Python 解释器python并输入：

import urllib2
urllib2.urlopen("http://www.baidu.com/") # which is a Chinese version of Google that most of us use only to test if the network connection is fine

事情变得非常快：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 127, in urlopen
    return _opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 404, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 422, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 382, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1214, in http_open
    return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPConnection, req)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1184, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
urllib2.URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 2] No such file or directory>

我不知道它的确切含义，但我确实在网络上进行了一些研究。尽管大多数结果对我的情况没有帮助，但我确实看到有人声称使用sudo一切正常。

所以我试了一下，从 bash 中打开 python，sudo python然后运行与上面完全相同的代码。这一次，它似乎永远被卡住了。最后我不得不使用KeyboardInterrupt，无论我等待程序卡住多长时间，我都会得到相同的回溯结果：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 127, in urlopen
    return _opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 404, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 422, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 382, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1214, in http_open
    return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPConnection, req)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1181, in do_open
    h.request(req.get_method(), req.get_selector(), req.data, headers)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 973, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 1007, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 969, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 829, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 791, in send
    self.connect()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 772, in connect
    self.timeout, self.source_address)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/socket.py", line 562, in create_connection
    sock.connect(sa)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/socket.py", line 224, in meth
    return getattr(self._sock,name)(*args)
KeyboardInterrupt

我正在通过便携式闪存驱动器在我的 Ubuntu 13.04 桌面上运行 python，目前它在我公司的代理后面运行。不知道是不是代理的问题，我试过设置环境代理

$ export http_proxy="http://domain\username:password@proxyserver:port"

这样至少wget可以正常工作。

作为比较，当我ssh回到家中的台式计算机并运行相同的代码时，无论有没有，一切似乎都很好sudo：

Python 2.7.3 (default, Apr 10 2013, 05:09:49) 
[GCC 4.7.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import urllib2
>>> urllib2.urlopen("http://www.baidu.com/")
<addinfourl at 3071291372L whose fp = <socket._fileobject object at 0xb71d6eec>>
>>>

我曾尝试从笔记本电脑上的同一个闪存驱动器运行 Ubuntu，它也不是很好，但我不记得细节了。今天下班后我会把它带回家测试一下，以获取更多信息并将它们发布回这里。在那之前，有人帮忙吗？

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