Text::CSV 会将您的数据存储为哈希数组,每个哈希键都是列名。这似乎是最有意义的。例如:
my %employee = %{ $employee_array[2] }; #Row #3 of your file:
print "The name of the third employee is $employee{first_name} $employee{last_name}\n";
因此,数组的单行包含该员工的所有数据。
在您的情况下,您必须在多个数组中保持索引相同:
print "The name of the third employee is $first_name[2] $last_name[2]\n";
如果您有一个对员工进行操作的函数,则必须将所有数组传递给该函数:
print_paycheck($first_name[1], $last_name[1], $employee_num[1], $hire_date[1]...);
如果你有一个哈希数组,你可以这样做:
print_paycheck($employee_array[1]);
我认为你不知道引用。许多 Perl 初学者书籍没有讨论它们,它们也不是 Perl 的明显扩展。但是,引用允许您制作这些更复杂的数据结构。幸运的是,Perldoc 有一个很好的教程。我建议你阅读它。
实际上,您可能希望存储以员工编号为键的数据,因此您需要一个哈希值。
这是哈希哈希的示例。注意:这不是我做这个程序的方式。首先,Text::CSV
如果可用,我会使用,然后我会实际使用面向对象的方法。但是,我想将其保留为简单的哈希散列:
use warnings;
use strict;
use feature qw(say);
use Data::Dumper;
my %employee_hash;
<DATA>; #Field Names
while ( my $employee_data = <DATA> ) {
chomp $employee_data;
my ($employee, $birth_date, $first_name, $last_name, $gender, $hire_date) = split /,/, $employee_data;
$employee_hash{$employee}->{birth_date} = $birth_date;
$employee_hash{$employee}->{first_name} = $first_name;
$employee_hash{$employee}->{last_name} = $last_name;
$employee_hash{$employee}->{gender} = $gender;
$employee_hash{$employee}->{hire_date} = $hire_date;
}
for my $employee ( sort keys %employee_hash ) {
my $gender;
if ( $employee_hash{$employee}->{gender} eq "M" ) {
$gender = "he";
}
else {
$gender = "she";
}
printf qq(Employee: %s is %s %s and %s was hired on %s\n),
$employee,
$employee_hash{$employee}->{first_name},
$employee_hash{$employee}->{last_name},
$gender,
$employee_hash{$employee}->{hire_date};
}
__DATA__
emp_no,birth_date,first_name,last_name,gender,hire_date
10001,1953-09-02,Georgi,Facello,M,1986-06-26
10002,1964-06-02,Bezalel,Simmel,F,1985-11-21
10003,1959-12-03,Parto,Bamford,M,1986-08-28
10004,1954-05-01,Chirstian,Koblick,M,1986-12-01
10005,1955-01-21,Kyoichi,Maliniak,M,1989-09-12