ruby - 从 ruby​​ 中的哈希中选择和删除

Question

在一个方法中，我得到一个传入的选项列表。有些与特定范围有关。我想将这些特殊键存储在另一个散列中，以便能够将其传递给不同的方法，并将它们从原始散列中删除。

（我实际上是在写一个 rails simple_form 自定义输入，但这没关系）

我有以下代码：

all_options = { :key1 => 1, :key2 => 2, :something_else => 42 }

my_keys = [:key1, :key2, :key3, :key4]
my_options = all_options.select {|k,v| my_keys.include?(k)}
all_options.delete_if {|k,v| my_keys.include?(k)}

# expecting
my_options == { :key1 => 1, :key2 => 2 }
all_options == { :something_else => 42 }

现在我的问题是有更好的，即更聪明的方法吗？

也许只是糖，但我想知道。

Answer 1

也许是提取物！active_support 中的方法可以工作吗？

Answer 2

我只知道鲁比。所以这里是我的 Ruby 方法：

all_options = { :key1 => 1, :key2 => 2, :something_else => 42 }

my_keys = [:key1, :key2, :key3, :key4]

#below statement is your my_options

Hash[my_keys.map{|i| [i,all_options.delete(i)] if all_options.has_key? i }.compact]
# => {:key1=>1, :key2=>2}

all_options
# => {:something_else=>42}

Answer 3

all_options = { :key1 => 1, :key2 => 2, :something_else => 42 }
my_keys = [:key1, :key2, :key3, :key4]

my_options = my_keys.inject({}) {|h,k| h[k] = all_options.delete(k) if all_options.key?(k);h}

all_options
# => {:something_else=>42}
my_options
# => {:key1=>1, :key2=>2}

这里有一种方法可以改进刘巨的回答：

all_options = { :key1 => 1, :key2 => 2, :something_else => 42 }
my_keys = [:key1, :key2, :key3, :key4]

my_options = all_options.extract!(*my_keys).keep_if {|k,v| v}

all_options
# => {:something_else=>42}
my_options
# => {:key1=>1, :key2=>2}

all_options但是，如果哈希中的任何键的实际值为nilor false（不知道是否需要保留它们），您将失去选择：

all_options = { :key1 => 1, :key2 => nil, :something_else => 42 }

这是一种保持false's 的方法

my_options = all_options.extract!(*my_keys).keep_if {|k,v| !v.nil?}

nilps如果您从以下位置存储密钥，则可以保留包括 s 在内的所有值all_options：

all_options = { :key1 => 1, :key2 => 2, :something_else => 42 }
all_keys = all_options.keys
my_keys = [:key1, :key2, :key3, :key4]

my_options = all_options.extract!(*my_keys).keep_if {|k,v| all_keys.include?(k)}

all_options
# => {:something_else=>42}
my_options
# => {:key1=>1, :key2=>2}

Answer 4

all_options = { key1: 1, key2: 2, something_else: 42 }
my_keys = [:key1, :key2, :key3, :key4]

my_options = my_keys.each_with_object({}) do |key, hash|
  hash[key] = all_options.delete(key) if all_options.key?(key)
end