java - 是否有 Java 的 Backgroundworker（如在 .Net 中）

Question

使进程在后台运行而不会在应用程序中滞后任何有关它的任何信息的 Backgroundworker 将不胜感激。

Answer 1

对于 Android 应用，请使用 AsyncTask

http://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/AsyncTask.html

private class DownloadFilesTask extends AsyncTask<URL, Integer, Long> {
     protected Long doInBackground(URL... urls) {
         int count = urls.length;
         long totalSize = 0;
         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
             totalSize += Downloader.downloadFile(urls[i]);
             publishProgress((int) ((i / (float) count) * 100));
             // Escape early if cancel() is called
             if (isCancelled()) break;
         }
         return totalSize;
     }

     protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {
         setProgressPercent(progress[0]);
     }

     protected void onPostExecute(Long result) {
         showDialog("Downloaded " + result + " bytes");
     }
 }

对于 Java swing 应用程序

对于 java swing 应用程序，请使用java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService 或javax.swing.SwingWorker。

取决于您要做什么：如果您使用done 方法，则在方法完成SwingWorker后在 Event Dispatch Thread 上执行。doInBackground如果您使用 an ExecutorService，则必须注意与 ui 相关的工作是在 Event Dispatch Thread 上完成的。例如与SwingUtilities.invokeLater.

ExecutorService来自 javadoc 的示例

class NetworkService implements Runnable {
   private final ServerSocket serverSocket;
   private final ExecutorService pool;

   public NetworkService(int port, int poolSize)
       throws IOException {
     serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
     pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(poolSize);
   }

   public void run() { // run the service
     try {
       for (;;) {
         pool.execute(new Handler(serverSocket.accept())); 
       }
     } catch (IOException ex) {
       pool.shutdown();
     }
   }
 }

 class Handler implements Runnable {
   private final Socket socket;
   Handler(Socket socket) { this.socket = socket; }
   public void run() {
     // read and service request on socket
   }
 }

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SwingWorker挥杆教程中的示例

SwingWorker worker = new SwingWorker<ImageIcon[], Void>() {
    @Override
    public ImageIcon[] doInBackground() {
        final ImageIcon[] innerImgs = new ImageIcon[nimgs];
        for (int i = 0; i < nimgs; i++) {
            innerImgs[i] = loadImage(i+1);
        }
        return innerImgs;
    }

    @Override
    public void done() {
        //Remove the "Loading images" label.
        animator.removeAll();
        loopslot = -1;
        try {
            imgs = get();
        } catch (InterruptedException ignore) {}
        catch (java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException e) {
            String why = null;
            Throwable cause = e.getCause();
            if (cause != null) {
                why = cause.getMessage();
            } else {
                why = e.getMessage();
            }
            System.err.println("Error retrieving file: " + why);
        }