48

我想编写一个测试用例来检查我的控制器（getPersons）。这是一个服务器端代码。我很困惑我应该在里面放什么@ContextConfiguration(locations={"file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/app-contest.xml"})

其次，我遇到了一些这样的错误：

无法加载应用程序上下文。找不到路径[我在@ContextConfiguration 中指定的]

我有这样的结构：

 restAPI
    *src/main/java
      com.company.controller
         personController.java
    *Test
      com.company.testController
         personControllerTest.java
    *src
      main
       webapp
         WEBINF
           app-context.xml


@Autowired
private PersonService personService;

@RequestMapping(value="/t2/{yy_id}/person", method=RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public PersonInfo[] getPersons() {

    return personService.getPersons();
}

这是我的测试

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:WEB-INF/app-context.xml"})
@WebAppConfiguration
public class PersonControllerTest  {


@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;

private MockMvc mockMvc;

@Before
public void setup() {
    this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
}

@Autowired
private PersonService personService;

@Test
public void getPersons() throws Exception {

    this.mockMvc.perform(get("/t2/1/person")
            .accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
            .andExpect(status().isOk());

}

痕迹

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:103)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:73)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:313)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:284)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:88)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [WEB-INF/application-context.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [WEB-INF/application-context.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:341)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:302)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:174)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:209)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:180)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:243)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.GenericXmlWebContextLoader.loadBeanDefinitions(GenericXmlWebContextLoader.java:38)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:113)
    at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:59)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:248)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:124)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:148)
    ... 24 more
Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [WEB-INF/app-context.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
    at org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource.getInputStream(ClassPathResource.java:157)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:328)

有人可以帮我弄清楚这里有什么问题吗？

4

5 回答 5

27

正如讨论中提到的：WEB-INF并不是真正的类路径的一部分。如果使用通用模板，比如maven，使用src/main/resourcesorsrc/test/resources来放置app-context.xml。那么就可以使用classpath:.

将您的配置文件放入src/main/resources/app-context.xml并使用以下代码：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:app-context.xml")
public class PersonControllerTest {
  ...
}

您还可以使用不同的 bean 配置创建测试上下文。

将您的配置文件放入src/test/resources/test-app-context.xml并使用：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:test-app-context.xml")
public class PersonControllerTest {
  ...
}
于 2013-06-20T20:42:20.750 回答
8

此异常可能有多个根本原因。对我来说，我的 mockMvc 没有自动配置。我通过@WebMvcTest(MyController.class)在类级别使用解决了这个异常。此注释将禁用完全自动配置，而是仅应用与 MVC 测试相关的配置。

对此的替代方法是，如果您希望加载完整的应用程序配置并使用 MockMVC，您应该考虑@SpringBootTest结合@AutoConfigureMockMvc而不是@WebMvcTest

于 2019-02-11T15:27:29.033 回答
3

如果您使用的是 Maven，请在 pom.xml 中添加以下配置：

<build>
    <testResources>
                <testResource>
                    <directory>src/main/webapp</directory>
                </testResource>
    </testResources>
</build>

使用此配置，您将能够访问 WEB-INF 文件夹中的 xml 文件。来自 Maven POM 参考： testResources 元素块包含 testResource 元素。它们的定义类似于资源元素，但自然会在测试阶段使用。

于 2015-06-27T03:46:20.570 回答
0

如果您根据标题登陆这里，迫切需要解决方案并且碰巧使用的是 Junit 5 Jupiter，您需要使用

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)

代替

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
于 2022-03-04T21:21:29.823 回答
-6

通过将以下依赖项添加到 pom.xml 文件中来解决：

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
        <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
于 2019-01-04T10:29:50.060 回答