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我有一个项目，我只有.cpp文件。它工作得很好，但后来我意识到这不是一个好习惯，所以我决定将它拆分为.cpp和.h文件。尽管如此，现在我无法编译该项目。有人可以看看源代码并告诉我问题出在哪里吗？

Bot.h

#ifndef BOT_H
#define BOT_H

#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>

using namespace std;
/**
 * Class that represents casual Bot - the parent of other bots
 */
class Bot {
public:
    Bot();
    virtual ~Bot();
    bool initialized;
    string getRandomMessage();
    string getName();
protected:
    vector<string> messages;
    string name;
};

#endif  /* BOT_H */

Bot.cpp

#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <cstdlib>
#include "Bot.h"

using namespace std;
string Bot::getRandomMessage() {
    int r = static_cast<double> (std::rand()) / RAND_MAX * this->messages.size();
    return messages[r];
}
Bot::Bot(){    
}
Bot::~Bot(){    
}
string Bot::getName() {
    return this->name;
}

从类继承的Bot类的示例：

GrumpyBot.h

#ifndef GRUMPYBOT_H
#define GRUMPYBOT_H
#include "Bot.h"

class GrumpyBot : public Bot{
public:
    GrumpyBot();
    GrumpyBot(const GrumpyBot& orig);
    virtual ~GrumpyBot();
};

#endif  /* GRUMPYBOT_H */

GrumpyBot.cpp

#include "GrumpyBot.h"
GrumpyBot::GrumpyBot() {

    initialized = true;
    this->name = "GrumpyBot";
    messages.push_back("I hate dogs.");
    messages.push_back("I hate cats.");
    messages.push_back("I hate goats.");
    messages.push_back("I hate humans.");
    messages.push_back("I hate you.");
    messages.push_back("I hate school.");
    messages.push_back("I hate love.");
}

到目前为止还可以，但是Server.cpp类中出现了问题，我尝试在其中创建这些类的新实例并调用它们的函数。我包括那里#include "Bot.h"&#include "GrumpyBot.h"并且编译器不断收到我的消息，例如/home/ubuntu/NetBeansProjects/SemestralniPraceChat/./Server.cpp:335: undefined reference to 'GrumpyBot::GrumpyBot()'

我的生成文件如下所示：

#macros
Remove=rm -rf
Doxygen=Doxyfile
RUN=./dvoram64
FLAGS=-Wall -pedantic -Wno-long-long -O0 -ggdb -lncurses -pthread -g
OBJECTS=main.o Bot.o Server.o Client.o

#generates final binary and documentation
all:    $(Doxygen)
    make compile

#build into final binary
compile: $(RUN)

#run program
run: $(RUN)
    $(RUN)


clean:
    $(Remove) dvoram64
    $(Remove) $(OBJECTS)

#generate documentation in '<login>/doc' folder
doc: $(Doxygen) /*
    ( cd ./ | doxygen $(Doxygen))

#rules how to compile into the executalble file
$(RUN): $(OBJECTS)

Bot.o: ./Bot.cpp ./Bot.h
    g++ $(FLAGS) -c ./Bot.cpp

DummyBot.o: ./DummyBot.cpp ./DummyBot.h ./Bot.h
    g++ $(FLAGS) -c ./DummyBot.cpp

GrumpyBot.o: ./GrumpyBot.cpp ./GrumpyBot.h ./Bot.h
    g++ $(FLAGS) -c ./GrumpyBot.cpp

JokerBot.o: ./JokerBot.cpp ./JokerBot.h ./Bot.h
    g++ $(FLAGS) -c ./JokerBot.cpp

WeatherBot.o: ./WeatherBot.cpp ./WeatherBot.h ./Bot.h
    g++ $(FLAGS) -c ./WeatherBot.cpp

Client.o: ./Client.cpp
    g++ $(FLAGS) -c ./Client.cpp

main.o: ./main.cpp ./Server.cpp ./Bot.h ./JokerBot.h ./WeatherBot.h ./GrumpyBot.h ./DummyBot.h ./Client.cpp
    g++ ./main.cpp $(FLAGS) -o ./dvoram64

Server.o: ./Server.cpp ./Bot.h ./JokerBot.h ./WeatherBot.h ./GrumpyBot.h ./DummyBot.h
    g++ $(FLAGS) -c ./Server.cpp
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1 回答 1

4

未定义的引用是链接器错误，您没有为链接过程传递对象。

在 makefile 中，将main.o:行 替换为

main.o: main.cpp 
     g++ $(FLAGS) -c main.cpp

删除-lncurses并$(FLAGS)添加：

link: <all the o files>
   g++ <all the o files> -lncurses -pthread -o dvoram64

然后调用：

make link

将创建正确链接的可执行文件。

编辑：

如果您定义 $(OBJECTS) 变量，则链接应为：

link: $(OBJECTS)
     g++ $(OBJECTS) -lncurses -pthread -o dvoram64
于 2013-06-09T12:46:16.873 回答