我想记录某些类中的每个方法调用。我本来可以做的
class Class1(object):
@log
def method1(self, *args):
...
@log
def method2(self, *args):
...
但是我每个班级都有很多方法,我不想单独装饰每个班级。目前,我尝试使用带有元类的 hack(覆盖我的日志类,__getattribute__
这样如果我尝试获取一个方法,它将返回一个日志记录方法):
class LoggedMeta(type):
def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
def __getattribute__(self, name_):
attr = super().__getattribute__(name_)
if isinstance(attr, (types.MethodType, types.FunctionType)) and not name_.startswith("__"):
return makeLogged(attr) #This returns a method that first logs the method call, and then calls the original method.
return attr
attrs["__getattribute__"] = __getattribute__
return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
class Class1(object):
__metaclass__ = LoggedMeta
def method1(self, *args):
...
但是,我使用的是 Python 2.X,并且 super() 语法不起作用。在我调用 super 的时候,我没有__getattribute__
' 类(但我确实有它的类名),所以我不能使用旧的 super 语法super(Class, Inst)
。
我之前尝试使用元类,但覆盖所有方法而不是__getattribute__
,但我也想记录静态方法调用,它们给我带来了一些麻烦。
我搜索了这类问题,但没有人尝试过以这种方式更改课程。
任何想法或帮助将不胜感激。
编辑:我的解决方案是这样的(主要取自这个线程):
import inspect, types
CLASS = 0
NORMAL = 1
STATIC = 2
class DecoratedMethod(object):
def __init__(self, func, type_):
self.func = func
self.type = type_
def __get__(self, obj, cls=None):
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
print "before"
if self.type == CLASS:
#classmethods (unlike normal methods) reach this stage as bound methods, but args still contains the class
#as a first argument, so we omit it.
ret = self.func(*(args[1:]), **kwargs)
else:
ret = self.func(*args, **kwargs)
print "after"
return ret
for attr in "__module__", "__name__", "__doc__":
setattr(wrapper, attr, getattr(self.func, attr))
if self.type == CLASS:
return types.MethodType(wrapper, cls, type)
elif self.type == NORMAL:
return types.MethodType(wrapper, obj, cls)
else:
return wrapper
def decorate_class(cls):
for name, meth in inspect.getmembers(cls):
if inspect.ismethod(meth):
if inspect.isclass(meth.im_self):
# meth is a classmethod
setattr(cls, name, DecoratedMethod(meth, CLASS))
else:
# meth is a regular method
setattr(cls, name, DecoratedMethod(meth, NORMAL))
elif inspect.isfunction(meth):
# meth is a staticmethod
setattr(cls, name, DecoratedMethod(meth, STATIC))
return cls
@decorate_class
class MyClass(object):
def __init__(self):
self.a = 10
print "__init__"
def foo(self):
print self.a
@staticmethod
def baz():
print "baz"
@classmethod
def bar(cls):
print "bar"
后来我清理了一下,但这就是解决方案的本质。我需要类、静态和普通方法之间的这种区别,因为我想要
inst = MyClass()
assert type(inst.baz) == types.FunctionType
assert type(inst.foo) == types.MethodType
assert type(inst.bar) == types.MethodType