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我有一个“.CSV”文件，我试图CSV在 ruby​​ 中解析它。该文件有两行标题，但我以前从未遇到过，也不知道如何处理它。下面是标题和行的示例。

第 1 行

"Institution ID","Institution","Game Date","Uniform Number","Last Name","First Name","Rushing","","","","","Passing","","","","","","Total Off.","","Receiving","","","Pass Int","","","Fumble Ret","","","Punting","","Punt Ret","","","KO Ret","","","Total TD","Off xpts","","","","Def xpts","","","","FG","","Saf","Points"

第 2 行

"","","","","","","Rushes","Gain","Loss","Net","TD","Att","Cmp","Int","Yards","TD","Conv","Plays","Yards","No.","Yards","TD","No.","Yards","TD","No.","Yards","TD","No.","Yards","No.","Yards","TD","No.","Yards","TD","","Kicks Att","Kicks Made","R/P Att","R/P Made","Kicks Att","Kicks Made","Int/Fum Att","Int/Fum Made","Att","Made"

第 3 行

"721","AirForce","09/01/12","19","BASKA","DAVID","","","","","","","","","","","","0","0","","","","","","","","","","2","85","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","0"

上面的示例中没有返回，我只是添加了它们，这样更容易阅读。是否CSV有可用的方法来处理这种结构，或者我是否必须编写自己的方法来处理它？谢谢！

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5 回答 5

9

看起来您的 CSV 文件是从 Excel 电子表格生成的，该电子表格的列分组如下：

... |        Rushing        |         Passing         | ...
... |Rushes|Gain|Loss|Net|TD|Att|Cmp|Int|Yards|TD|Conv| ...

（不确定我是否正确恢复了组。）

没有标准工具可以处理这种 CSV 文件，AFAIK。您必须手动完成这项工作。

  • 阅读第一行，将其视为第一个标题行。
  • 阅读第二行，将其视为第二个标题行。
  • 读取第三行，将其视为第一行数据。
  • ...
于 2013-06-06T00:57:06.440 回答
5

我建议使用smarter_csvgem，并手动提供正确的标题：

 require 'smarter_csv'
 options = {:user_provided_headers => ["Institution ID","Institution","Game Date","Uniform Number","Last Name","First Name", ... provide all headers here ... ], 
            :headers_in_file => false}
 data = SmarterCSV.process(filename, options)
 data.pop # to ignore the first header line
 data.pop # to ignore the second header line
 # data now contains an array of hashes with your data

请查看 GitHub 页面以获取选项和示例。 https://github.com/tilo/smarter_csv

您应该使用的一个选项是:user_provided_headers，然后只需在数组中指定所需的标题。这样你就可以解决这样的情况。

您将不得不data.pop忽略文件中的标题行。

于 2013-06-06T01:30:25.037 回答
3

您必须编写自己的逻辑。CSV 实际上只是行和列，它本身并不知道每一列或每一行到底是什么，它只是原始数据。因此，CSV 没有概念或意识，即它有两个标题行，这是人为的事情，因此您需要构建自己的启发式方法。

鉴于您的数据行如下所示：

"721","Air Force","09/01/12",

当你开始解析你的数据时，如果第一列代表一个整数，那么，如果你将它转换为一个 int 并且如果它> 0比你知道你正在处理一个有效的“行”而不是一个标题。

于 2013-06-06T00:42:58.117 回答
1

读取 CSV文件并跳过输出的第一行：

arr_of_arrs = CSV.read("path/to/file.csv")
arr_of_arrs[2..arr_of_arrs.length].each do |x|
   # operation here
end
于 2013-06-06T00:53:10.887 回答
1

使用 CSV 很容易做到这一点。只需注意查看当前读取的行号是什么，然后循环直到您读取标题：

require 'csv'

CSV.foreach('test.csv') do |row|
  next unless $. > 2
  puts "'" + row.join("', '") + "'"
end

运行时输出如下：

'721', 'Air Force', '09/01/12', '19', 'BASKA', 'DAVID', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '0', '0', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '2', '85', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '0'

$.是从打开的文件中读取的最后一行的行号。所以，这会立即循环，直到$.读到两行。

于 2013-06-06T06:59:24.893 回答