语境
最初，我的应用程序在我的本地服务器和生产服务器（Heroku）上都能正常运行。然后我做了一个我过早推送到 Heroku 的更改；该更改破坏了生产版本，导致显示“500”错误。该应用程序仍然可以在我的本地服务器上运行。
为了解决这个问题，我运行了heroku rollback命令以恢复到早期的生产工作版本。生产版本现在可以工作了。为了确保我的本地和生产副本与工作版本同步，我想我只需运行heroku git:clone -a myapp命令，以便我可以用工作生产副本替换我的本地副本。
问题
在用生产中的工作副本替换我的本地副本后，我尝试推送到 Heroku（以验证一切正常）。我的本地版本仍然可以正常工作；但是，生产版本只是显示“505”错误并且运行heroku rollback不再回滚到早期的工作版本。如何使生产版本正常工作？
为迂回的解释道歉。任何帮助将不胜感激！
宝石文件：
source 'https://rubygems.org'
gem 'rails', '3.2.13'
# Bundle edge Rails instead:
# gem 'rails', :git => 'git://github.com/rails/rails.git'
group :development do
gem 'sqlite3', '1.3.5'
end
# Gems used only for assets and not required
# in production environments by default.
group :assets do
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 3.2.3'
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 3.2.1'
# See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
# gem 'therubyracer', :platforms => :ruby
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.0.3'
# gem 'twitter-bootstrap-rails'
gem 'libv8', '~> 3.11.8'
gem 'less-rails'
gem 'therubyracer'
end
gem 'jquery-rails'
gem 'twitter-bootstrap-rails'
# To use ActiveModel has_secure_password
# gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '~> 3.0.0'
# To use Jbuilder templates for JSON
# gem 'jbuilder'
# Use unicorn as the app server
# gem 'unicorn'
# Deploy with Capistrano
# gem 'capistrano'
# To use debugger
# gem 'debugger'
group :production do
gem 'pg', '0.12.2'
end
运行heroku logs命令输出：
2013-06-05T21:54:39.324301+00:00 heroku[api]: Enable Logplex by ...@...com
2013-06-05T21:54:39.365512+00:00 heroku[api]: Release v2 created by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:05:00.052911+00:00 heroku[slugc]: Slug compilation started
2013-06-05T22:07:13.861177+00:00 heroku[api]: Scale to web=1 by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:07:14.437288+00:00 heroku[api]: Attach HEROKU_POSTGRESQL_BROWN resource by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:07:14.466434+00:00 heroku[api]: Release v3 created by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:07:14.531348+00:00 heroku[api]: Add DATABASE_URL config by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:07:14.562176+00:00 heroku[api]: Release v4 created by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:07:14.615023+00:00 heroku[api]: Add config by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:07:14.647163+00:00 heroku[api]: Release v5 created by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:07:14.690706+00:00 heroku[api]: Deploy 0781b19 by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:07:14.720746+00:00 heroku[api]: Release v6 created by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:07:14.758968+00:00 heroku[api]: Deploy 0781b19 by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:07:15.391452+00:00 heroku[slugc]: Slug compilation finished
2013-06-05T22:07:17.270346+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `bundle exec rails server -p 24519`
2013-06-05T22:07:21.081962+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:5)
2013-06-05T22:07:21.081844+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:5)
2013-06-05T22:07:24.020299+00:00 app[web.1]: => Booting WEBrick
2013-06-05T22:07:24.020299+00:00 app[web.1]: => Ctrl-C to shutdown server
2013-06-05T22:07:24.020299+00:00 app[web.1]: => Call with -d to detach
2013-06-05T22:07:24.020299+00:00 app[web.1]: => Rails 3.2.13 application starting in production on http://0.0.0.0:24519
2013-06-05T22:07:24.020299+00:00 app[web.1]: Connecting to database specified by DATABASE_URL
2013-06-05T22:07:24.195433+00:00 app[web.1]: [2013-06-05 22:07:24] INFO ruby 1.9.2 (2011-07-09) [x86_64-linux]
2013-06-05T22:07:24.197238+00:00 app[web.1]: [2013-06-05 22:07:24] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=2 port=24519
2013-06-05T22:07:24.195268+00:00 app[web.1]: [2013-06-05 22:07:24] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1
2013-06-05T22:07:24.563524+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up
2013-06-05T22:20:29.360706+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/" for 108.94.165.104 at 2013-06-05 22:20:29 +0000
2013-06-05T22:20:29.573466+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by StudentsController#index as HTML
2013-06-05T22:20:29.721672+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 148ms
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729040+00:00 app[web.1]: pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid), a.attnotnull, a.atttypid, a.atttypmod
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729040+00:00 app[web.1]: ^
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729040+00:00 app[web.1]: : SELECT a.attname, format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729040+00:00 app[web.1]:
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729040+00:00 app[web.1]: FROM pg_attribute a LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729040+00:00 app[web.1]: ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PGError: ERROR: relation "students" does not exist
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729040+00:00 app[web.1]: ON a.attrelid = d.adrelid AND a.attnum = d.adnum
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729040+00:00 app[web.1]: LINE 5: WHERE a.attrelid = '"students"'::regclass
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729040+00:00 app[web.1]: WHERE a.attrelid = '"students"'::regclass
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729327+00:00 app[web.1]: ORDER BY a.attnum
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729327+00:00 app[web.1]:
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729327+00:00 app[web.1]: ):
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729327+00:00 app[web.1]: app/controllers/students_controller.rb:5:in `index'
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729040+00:00 app[web.1]: AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
2013-06-05T22:20:29.729327+00:00 app[web.1]:
2013-06-05T22:20:29.732475+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/ host=secret-brushlands-9122.herokuapp.com fwd="108.94.165.104" dyno=web.1 connect=7ms service=385ms status=500 bytes=643
2013-06-05T22:20:29.907973+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/favicon.ico host=secret-brushlands-9122.herokuapp.com fwd="108.94.165.104" dyno=web.1 connect=1ms service=11ms status=200 bytes=0
2013-06-05T22:29:58.144871+00:00 heroku[api]: Deploy 0403476 by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:29:58.167804+00:00 heroku[api]: Release v7 created by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:29:58.206118+00:00 heroku[api]: Deploy 0403476 by ...@...com
2013-06-05T22:29:58.376314+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to starting
2013-06-05T22:30:01.539107+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `bundle exec rails server -p 52191`
2013-06-05T22:30:01.701845+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM
2013-06-05T22:30:02.512228+00:00 app[web.1]: [2013-06-05 22:30:02] ERROR SignalException: SIGTERM
2013-06-05T22:30:02.512228+00:00 app[web.1]: /usr/local/lib/ruby/1.9.1/webrick/server.rb:90:in `select'
2013-06-05T22:30:12.438954+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Error R12 (Exit timeout) -> At least one process failed to exit within 10 seconds of SIGTERM
2013-06-05T22:30:12.439155+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping remaining processes with SIGKILL
2013-06-05T22:30:14.361060+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 137
2013-06-05T22:30:15.586713+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:5)
2013-06-05T22:30:15.586566+00:00 app[web.1]: DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/config/environment.rb:5)
2013-06-05T22:30:35.092923+00:00 app[web.1]: => Call with -d to detach
2013-06-05T22:30:35.092923+00:00 app[web.1]: => Ctrl-C to shutdown server
2013-06-05T22:30:35.092923+00:00 app[web.1]: Connecting to database specified by DATABASE_URL
2013-06-05T22:30:35.092923+00:00 app[web.1]: => Booting WEBrick
2013-06-05T22:30:35.092923+00:00 app[web.1]: => Rails 3.2.13 application starting in production on http://0.0.0.0:52191
2013-06-05T22:30:35.594816+00:00 app[web.1]: [2013-06-05 22:30:35] INFO WEBrick 1.3.1
2013-06-05T22:30:35.594816+00:00 app[web.1]: [2013-06-05 22:30:35] INFO ruby 1.9.2 (2011-07-09) [x86_64-linux]
2013-06-05T22:30:35.595558+00:00 app[web.1]: [2013-06-05 22:30:35] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=2 port=52191
2013-06-05T22:30:35.990236+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up
2013-06-05T22:30:38.042484+00:00 app[web.1]: Started GET "/" for 108.94.165.104 at 2013-06-05 22:30:38 +0000
2013-06-05T22:30:38.423594+00:00 app[web.1]: Processing by StudentsController#index as HTML
2013-06-05T22:30:39.528941+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/ host=secret-brushlands-9122.herokuapp.com fwd="108.94.165.104" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=1523ms status=500 bytes=643
2013-06-05T22:30:39.706864+00:00 heroku[router]: at=info method=GET path=/favicon.ico host=secret-brushlands-9122.herokuapp.com fwd="108.94.165.104" dyno=web.1 connect=2ms service=24ms status=200 bytes=0
2013-06-05T22:30:39.512419+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 1088ms
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514250+00:00 app[web.1]:
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514250+00:00 app[web.1]: ON a.attrelid = d.adrelid AND a.attnum = d.adnum
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514430+00:00 app[web.1]: app/controllers/students_controller.rb:5:in `index'
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514250+00:00 app[web.1]: AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514430+00:00 app[web.1]: ORDER BY a.attnum
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514430+00:00 app[web.1]: ):
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514250+00:00 app[web.1]: LINE 5: WHERE a.attrelid = '"students"'::regclass
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514250+00:00 app[web.1]: ^
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514250+00:00 app[web.1]: ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid (PGError: ERROR: relation "students" does not exist
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514250+00:00 app[web.1]: : SELECT a.attname, format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514250+00:00 app[web.1]: pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid), a.attnotnull, a.atttypid, a.atttypmod
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514250+00:00 app[web.1]: FROM pg_attribute a LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514250+00:00 app[web.1]: WHERE a.attrelid = '"students"'::regclass
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514430+00:00 app[web.1]:
2013-06-05T22:30:39.514430+00:00 app[web.1]:
更新：
我很好奇创建一个新的 Heroku 遥控器是否能解决问题，所以我删除了http://nameless-brook-8163.herokuapp.com/并将新遥控器设置为http://secret-brushlands-9122.herokuapp.com/ . 不幸的是，问题仍然存在。
我按照下面的建议运行了“heroku run rake db:migrate”，得到了以下输出：
heroku run rake db:migrate
Running `rake db:migrate` attached to terminal... up, run.6596
DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/Rakefile:7)
DEPRECATION WARNING: You have Rails 2.3-style plugins in vendor/plugins! Support for these plugins will be removed in Rails 4.0. Move them out and bundle them in your Gemfile, or fold them in to your app as lib/myplugin/* and config/initializers/myplugin.rb. See the release notes for more on this: http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2012/1/4/rails-3-2-0-rc2-has-been-released. (called from <top (required)> at /app/Rakefile:7)
rake aborted!
Invalid DATABASE_URL
(erb):9:in `rescue in <main>'
(erb):6:in `<main>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.13/lib/rails/application/configuration.rb:115:in `database_configuration'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:78:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:36:in `instance_eval'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:36:in `execute_hook'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:43:in `block in run_load_hooks'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:42:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.13/lib/active_support/lazy_load_hooks.rb:42:in `run_load_hooks'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/base.rb:720:in `<top (required)>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.13/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:25:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:246:in `call'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:246:in `block in execute'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:241:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:241:in `execute'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:184:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:177:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:205:in `block in invoke_prerequisites'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:203:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:203:in `invoke_prerequisites'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:183:in `block in invoke_with_call_chain'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:177:in `invoke_with_call_chain'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/task.rb:170:in `invoke'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:143:in `invoke_task'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:101:in `block (2 levels) in top_level'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:101:in `each'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:101:in `block in top_level'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:110:in `run_with_threads'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:95:in `top_level'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:73:in `block in run'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:160:in `standard_exception_handling'
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/rake-10.0.4/lib/rake/application.rb:70:in `run'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate => db:load_config
(See full trace by running task with --trace)