我有两种数据模型，一种是 User，另一种是 ShibUser，ShibUser 通过将 User 表的 id 存储为其外键来与 User 关联。
这是我的 ShibUser 表：
+----+--------------+------------------+----------------+
| id | auth_user_id | shib_username | shib_user_role |
+----+--------------+------------------+----------------+
| 1 | 4 | auser@domain.edu | Student |
| 2 | 5 | buser@domain.edu | Student |
+----+--------------+------------------+----------------+
从 django.db 导入模型从 askbot.deps.django_authopenid.models 导入用户
class ShibUser(models.Model):
auth_user = models.ForeignKey(User)
shib_username = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
shib_user_role = models.CharField(max_length = 200)
这是我的用户（auth_user）表：
+----+----------------+------------+--------+
| id | username | reputation | status |
+----+----------------+------------+--------+
| 4 | aaUser | 1 | w |
| 5 | MrBUser_Cool | 1 | w |
+----+----------------+------------+--------+
用户模型定义：
class User(models.Model):
"""
Users within the Django authentication system are represented by this
model.
Username and password are required. Other fields are optional.
"""
username = models.CharField(_('username'), max_length=30, unique=True,
help_text=_('Required. 30 characters or fewer. Letters, numbers and '
'@/./+/-/_ characters'))
first_name = models.CharField(_('first name'), max_length=30, blank=True)
last_name = models.CharField(_('last name'), max_length=30, blank=True)
email = models.EmailField(_('e-mail address'), blank=True)
password = models.CharField(_('password'), max_length=128)
is_staff = models.BooleanField(_('staff status'), default=False,
help_text=_('Designates whether the user can log into this admin '
'site.'))
is_active = models.BooleanField(_('active'), default=True,
help_text=_('Designates whether this user should be treated as '
'active. Unselect this instead of deleting accounts.'))
is_superuser = models.BooleanField(_('superuser status'), default=False,
help_text=_('Designates that this user has all permissions without '
'explicitly assigning them.'))
last_login = models.DateTimeField(_('last login'), default=timezone.now)
date_joined = models.DateTimeField(_('date joined'), default=timezone.now)
groups = models.ManyToManyField(Group, verbose_name=_('groups'),
blank=True, help_text=_('The groups this user belongs to. A user will '
'get all permissions granted to each of '
'his/her group.'))
user_permissions = models.ManyToManyField(Permission,
verbose_name=_('user permissions'), blank=True,
help_text='Specific permissions for this user.')
objects = UserManager()
class Meta:
verbose_name = _('user')
verbose_name_plural = _('users')
def __unicode__(self):
return self.username
def natural_key(self):
return (self.username,)
def get_absolute_url(self):
return "/users/%s/" % urllib.quote(smart_str(self.username))
def is_anonymous(self):
"""
Always returns False. This is a way of comparing User objects to
anonymous users.
"""
return False
def is_authenticated(self):
"""
Always return True. This is a way to tell if the user has been
authenticated in templates.
"""
return True
def get_full_name(self):
"""
Returns the first_name plus the last_name, with a space in between.
"""
full_name = u'%s %s' % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
return full_name.strip()
def set_password(self, raw_password):
self.password = make_password(raw_password)
def check_password(self, raw_password):
"""
Returns a boolean of whether the raw_password was correct. Handles
hashing formats behind the scenes.
"""
def setter(raw_password):
self.set_password(raw_password)
self.save()
return check_password(raw_password, self.password, setter)
def set_unusable_password(self):
# Sets a value that will never be a valid hash
self.password = make_password(None)
def has_usable_password(self):
return is_password_usable(self.password)
def get_group_permissions(self, obj=None):
"""
Returns a list of permission strings that this user has through his/her
groups. This method queries all available auth backends. If an object
is passed in, only permissions matching this object are returned.
"""
permissions = set()
for backend in auth.get_backends():
if hasattr(backend, "get_group_permissions"):
if obj is not None:
permissions.update(backend.get_group_permissions(self,
obj))
else:
permissions.update(backend.get_group_permissions(self))
return permissions
def get_all_permissions(self, obj=None):
return _user_get_all_permissions(self, obj)
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
"""
Returns True if the user has the specified permission. This method
queries all available auth backends, but returns immediately if any
backend returns True. Thus, a user who has permission from a single
auth backend is assumed to have permission in general. If an object is
provided, permissions for this specific object are checked.
"""
# Active superusers have all permissions.
if self.is_active and self.is_superuser:
return True
# Otherwise we need to check the backends.
return _user_has_perm(self, perm, obj)
def has_perms(self, perm_list, obj=None):
"""
Returns True if the user has each of the specified permissions. If
object is passed, it checks if the user has all required perms for this
object.
"""
for perm in perm_list:
if not self.has_perm(perm, obj):
return False
return True
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
"""
Returns True if the user has any permissions in the given app label.
Uses pretty much the same logic as has_perm, above.
"""
# Active superusers have all permissions.
if self.is_active and self.is_superuser:
return True
return _user_has_module_perms(self, app_label)
def email_user(self, subject, message, from_email=None):
"""
Sends an email to this User.
"""
send_mail(subject, message, from_email, [self.email])
def get_profile(self):
"""
Returns site-specific profile for this user. Raises
SiteProfileNotAvailable if this site does not allow profiles.
"""
if not hasattr(self, '_profile_cache'):
from django.conf import settings
if not getattr(settings, 'AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE', False):
raise SiteProfileNotAvailable(
'You need to set AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE in your project '
'settings')
try:
app_label, model_name = settings.AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE.split('.')
except ValueError:
raise SiteProfileNotAvailable(
'app_label and model_name should be separated by a dot in '
'the AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE setting')
try:
model = models.get_model(app_label, model_name)
if model is None:
raise SiteProfileNotAvailable(
'Unable to load the profile model, check '
'AUTH_PROFILE_MODULE in your project settings')
self._profile_cache = model._default_manager.using(
self._state.db).get(user__id__exact=self.id)
self._profile_cache.user = self
except (ImportError, ImproperlyConfigured):
raise SiteProfileNotAvailable
return self._profile_cache
我有一个代表用户配置文件的表单，我想显示用户的角色，我已经在我的表单中导入了两个对象，但我正在努力如何根据用户对象用户名真正获取用户角色。
这是我要添加的确切位置：
from askbot.shibapp.models import ShibUser
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
def __init__(self, user, *args, **kwargs):
super(EditUserForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
logging.debug('initializing the form')
shib_user_role = ShibUser.objects.get(auth_user=4)
if askbot_settings.EDITABLE_SCREEN_NAME:
self.fields['username'] = UserNameField(label=_('Screen name'))
self.fields['username'].initial = user.username
self.fields['username'].user_instance = user
self.fields['email'].initial = user.email
self.fields['realname'].initial = user.real_name
self.fields['website'].initial = user.website
self.fields['city'].initial = user.location
if askbot_settings.EDITABLE_SCREEN_NAME:
self.fields['role'].initial = "test_role" (Instead of 'test_role')
我对 django 世界很陌生。