正确打开和读取文件比了解数组是什么更难。如果不使用数组,则必须使用太多变量来保存所有数据,并且必须重复编写代码以从文件中读取,而不是在循环中编写一次。
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string firstNames[3];
string lastNames[3];
float heights[3];
float weights[3];
int ages[3];
ifstream infile("data.txt");
if(!infile)
{
cout << "Couldn't open file!" << endl;
return 1;
}
int count = 0;
while (infile >> firstNames[count]
>> lastNames[count]
>> heights[count]
>> weights[count]
>> ages[count] )
{
++count;
}
infile.close();
for (int i = 0; i<count; ++i) {
cout << firstNames[i] << " "
<< lastNames[i] << " "
<< heights[i] << " "
<< weights[i] << " "
<< ages[i] << " " << endl;
}
return 0;
}
--output:--
James John 15 5 1
Douglas Frank 23 8 1
Bnejamin Zach 17 1 4
与这场灾难相比:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string firstName0,firstName1, firstName2;
string lastName0, lastName1, lastName2;
float height0, height1, height2;
float weight0, weight1, weight2;
int age0, age1, age2;
ifstream infile("data.txt");
if(!infile)
{
cout << "Couldn't open file!" << endl;
return 1;
}
infile >> firstName0 >> lastName0 >> height0 >> weight0 >> age0;
infile >> firstName1 >> lastName1 >> height1 >> weight1 >> age1;
infile >> firstName2 >> lastName2 >> height2 >> weight2 >> age2;
infile.close();
cout << firstName0 << " "
<< lastName0 << " "
<< height0 << " "
<< weight0 << " "
<< age0 << endl;
cout << firstName1 << " "
<< lastName1 << " "
<< height1 << " "
<< weight1 << " "
<< age1 << endl;
cout << firstName2 << " "
<< lastName2 << " "
<< height2 << " "
<< weight2 << " "
<< age2 << endl;
return 0;
}
--output:--
James John 15 5 1
Douglas Frank 23 8 1
Bnejamin Zach 17 1 4
查看您必须重复的所有代码。
请注意,当您使用数组时,变量名称变为 firstNames[0](v.firstName0)、lastNames[0](v.lastName0)等,以及 firstNames[1](v.firstName1)和 lastNames[1] (诉姓氏0)。