下面是我遇到的问题的示例代码。动物园似乎不适用于应用。关于如何根据需要进行这项工作的任何建议?
> #I am trying to use apply with zoo
> tmp <- zoo(matrix(c(0,1,0,0,0,1),nrow=3))
> tmp
1 0 0
2 1 0
3 0 1
> #for each column I want to subtract the lag
> #as an example I extract 1 column
> tmpcol <- tmp[,1]
> #this is what I want, for each column
> diffcol <- tmpcol-lag(tmpcol,-1)
> diffcol
2 3
1 -1
> #but if I do this using apply it gives bizarre behavior
> z <- apply(tmp,2,function(x) x-lag(x,-1))
> z
X.1 X.2
1 0 0
2 0 0
3 0 0