我使用 cx_Freeze 生成了一个 exe 文件，但是当我打开 exe 文件时，黑色的 cms 窗口瞬间自动关闭。这是为什么？我的代码在 Python IDLE 中测试良好。提前感谢任何帮助者！
这是我的代码：
# import all modules here
from tkinter import *
import random
import time
score = 0
# create a Ball class
class Ball:
# define the class initiation function
def __init__(self, canvas, paddle, color):
self.canvas = canvas # save the canvas into an object property
self.paddle = paddle
self.id = canvas.create_oval(10, 10, 25, 25, fill=color) # create a ball and save it into an object property
self.canvas.move(self.id, 245, 100) # initialize the ball to position(x, y)
self.speed = 3 # set the initiative speed
starts = [self.speed, -self.speed] # create a list to hold 2 ball moving speed and direction
random.shuffle(starts) # randomize the order of the list
self.x = starts[0]
self.y = -self.speed # set the y axis moving speed and direction
self.canvas_height = self.canvas.winfo_height() # self.canvas_height = 400
self.canvas_width = self.canvas.winfo_width() # self.canvas_width = 500
self.hit_bottom = False # record if the ball has hit bottom
# define the function that checks if the ball hits the paddle
def hit_paddle(self, pos):
# get the current position of the paddle
paddle_pos = self.canvas.coords(self.paddle.id)
# check if the ball hits the paddle, return True if hits, otherwise, return False.
if pos[2] >= paddle_pos[0] and pos[0] <= paddle_pos[2]:
if pos[3] >= paddle_pos[1] and pos[3] <= paddle_pos[3]:
global score
score += 1 # add score if the ball hits the paddle
return True # return True if hits
# return False if not hit
return False
# define the ball animation function
def draw(self):
# the ball moves according to the speed and direction set in __init__ function
self.canvas.move(self.id, self.x, self.y)
# get the current position of the ball, pos = [255.0, 100.0, 270.0, 115.0] => [top, left, bottom, right]
pos = self.canvas.coords(self.id)
# check top and bottom
if pos[1] <=0:
self.y = self.speed
if pos[3] >= self.canvas_height:
self.hit_bottom = True
# check if the ball hits the paddle
if self.hit_paddle(pos) == True:
self.y = -self.speed
# check left and right
if pos[0] <= 0:
self.x = self.speed
if pos[2] >= self.canvas_width:
self.x = -self.speed
if score >= 3:
self.speed = 4
# define the text display function when game is over
def gameover(self):
self.canvas.create_text(250, 100, text='Game Over, Zoe!', font=('Arial', 20), fill='red')
self.canvas.create_text(250, 65, text='Your score: ' + str(score), font=('Arial', 15), fill='red')
# create a Paddle class
class Paddle:
def __init__(self, canvas, color):
self.canvas = canvas
self.id = canvas.create_rectangle(0, 0, 100, 10, fill=color)
# initialize the position of the paddle to (x, y)
self.canvas.move(self.id, 200, 300)
self.x = 0 # set the paddle cannot move vertically
self.canvas_width = self.canvas.winfo_width()
# bind function onto key press events
self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Left>', self.turn_left)
self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-Right>', self.turn_right)
# define the paddle animation function
def draw(self):
# the paddle moves according to the speed and direction set in turn_left and turn_right function
self.canvas.move(self.id, self.x, 0)
pos = self.canvas.coords(self.id) # get the current position of the paddle
# if the paddle reach the end of left or right, it stops moving
if pos[0] <= 0:
self.x = 0
elif pos[2] >= self.canvas_width:
self.x = 0
# set the speed when a left key is pressed
def turn_left(self, evt):
self.x = -2
# set the speed when a right key is pressed
def turn_right(self, evt):
self.x = 2
tk = Tk() # set the Tk() object
tk.title("Dennis' Python Game")
tk.resizable(0, 0) # make the window a fixed size, both horizontally and vertically
""" tk.wm_attributes("-topmost", 1) # make the window appear on top of all programs """
# set the game stage
canvas = Canvas(tk, width=500, height=400, bd=0, highlightthickness=0)
# generate the stage
canvas.pack()
tk.update()
# instantize ball and paddle class
paddle = Paddle(canvas, 'blue') # create a Paddle instance
ball = Ball(canvas, paddle, 'lightblue') # create a Ball instance
# set a loop to animate the game
while 1:
if ball.hit_bottom == False:
ball.draw()
paddle.draw()
else:
ball.gameover()
tk.update_idletasks()
tk.update()
time.sleep(0.01)