我得到了很好的帮助来检查字典键是否有空值。但我想知道pythonand之间是否有区别？&我认为它们应该是相似的？
dict1 ={"city":"","name":"yass","region":"","zipcode":"",
"phone":"","address":"","tehsil":"", "planet":"mars"}
whitelist = {"name", "phone", "zipcode", "region", "city",
"munic", "address", "subarea"}
result = {k: dict1[k] for k in dict1.viewkeys() & whitelist if dict1[k]}
and是一个逻辑运算符，用于比较两个值，IE：
> 2 > 1 and 2 > 3
True
&是一个按位运算符，用于执行按位与运算：
> 255 & 1
1
更新
对于集合操作，&操作符等价于intersection()操作，并使用 s 和 t 共有的元素创建一个新集合：
>>> a = set([1, 2, 3])
>>> b = set([3, 4, 5])
>>> a & b
set([3])
and仍然只是一个逻辑比较函数，并且会将set参数视为非假值。如果两个参数都不是，它也将返回最后一个值False：
>>> a and b
set([3, 4, 5])
>>> a and b and True
True
>>> False and a and b and True
False
对于它的价值，还请注意，根据Dictionary view objects的 python 文档，返回的对象dict1.viewkeys()是一个“set-like”的视图对象：
和返回的对象
dict.viewkeys()是视图对象。它们提供字典条目的动态视图，这意味着当字典更改时，视图会反映这些更改。dict.viewvalues()dict.viewitems()...
dictview & other将 dictview 和另一个对象的交集作为新集合返回。
...
and是合乎逻辑的&是按位和and如果两个值都为真，则逻辑返回第二个值。
对于集合&是交集。
如果你这样做：
In [25]: a = {1, 2, 3}
In [26]: b = {3, 4, 5}
In [27]: a and b
Out[27]: set([3, 4, 5])
In [28]: a & b
Out[28]: set([3])
这是因为bool(a) == True等返回第二组。 返回集合的交集。bool(b) == Trueand&
Yesand是逻辑 and 而 while&是按位与。见例子 -
>>> 1 and 2
2
>>> 1 & 2
0
第一个结果是由于短路。Python 测试 1 并发现它为真并返回 2。但是，第二部分执行 01 (Binary 1) & 10 (Binary 2) 因此评估为 00 (1 & 0, 0 &1) ，即 0。
>>> help('&')
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Operator | Description |
+=================================================+=======================================+
| ``lambda`` | Lambda expression |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``if`` -- ``else`` | Conditional expression |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``or`` | Boolean OR |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``and`` | Boolean AND |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``not`` ``x`` | Boolean NOT |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``in``, ``not in``, ``is``, ``is not``, ``<``, | Comparisons, including membership |
| ``<=``, ``>``, ``>=``, ``<>``, ``!=``, ``==`` | tests and identity tests, |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``|`` | Bitwise OR |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``^`` | Bitwise XOR |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``&`` | Bitwise AND |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``<<``, ``>>`` | Shifts |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``+``, ``-`` | Addition and subtraction |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``*``, ``/``, ``//``, ``%`` | Multiplication, division, remainder |
| | [8] |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``+x``, ``-x``, ``~x`` | Positive, negative, bitwise NOT |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``**`` | Exponentiation [9] |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``x[index]``, ``x[index:index]``, | Subscription, slicing, call, |
| ``x(arguments...)``, ``x.attribute`` | attribute reference |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| ``(expressions...)``, ``[expressions...]``, | Binding or tuple display, list |
| ``{key: value...}``, ```expressions...``` | display, dictionary display, string |
| | conversion |
+-------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
&是按位与运算符，and是布尔逻辑运算符。它们是完全不同的，不要混淆它们！例如：
7 & 3
=> 3
True and False
=> False