6

我想知道是否有一种方法可以将更改侦听器之类的东西添加到变量中。我的意思最简单的例子就是沿着这些思路工作;

// Start with a variable
$variable = "some value";

// Define a listener
function myChangeListener($variable) {
    // encode with json_encode and send in cookie
}

// Add my listener to the variable
addListenerToVariable(&$variable, 'myChangeListener');

// Change the variables value, triggering my listener
$variable = "new value";

现在您可能会问,为什么我什至需要费心使用这种方法,为什么不创建一个函数来设置 cookie。答案是我有一个&__get($var)魔术方法可以返回对多维数组元素的引用,我希望使用类似的方法来检测数组元素或其子元素何时/是否已被编辑,然后发送一个cookie(如果有的话)。希望的结果是这样的;

$cookies->testArray["test"] = "newValue";
// This would send the cookie 'testArray' with the value '{"test":"newValue"}'

老实说,我认为这是完全不可能的,如果我是对的,我深表歉意。但是我昨天刚刚学会了如何正确使用引用,所以我想在我完全写下这个想法之前先问问。

感谢我收到的任何回复,无论是我希望的还是我期望的。

编辑:

为了更清楚起见,这是我要完成的示例类;

class MyCookies {
    private $cookies = array();
    private $cookieTag = "MyTag";

    public function __construct() {
        foreach($_COOKIE as $cookie => $value) {
            if(strlen($cookie)>strlen($this->cookieTag."_")&&substr($cookie,0,strlen($this->cookieTag."_"))==$this->cookieTag."_") {
                $cookieVar = substr($cookie,strlen($this->cookieTag."_"));
                $this->cookies[$cookieVar]['value'] = json_decode($value);
            }
        }
    }

    // This works great for $cookies->testArray = array("testKey" => "testValue");
    // but never gets called when you do $cookies->testArray['testKey'] = "testValue";
    public function __set($var, $value) {
        if(isset($value)) {
            $this->cookies[$var]['value'] = $value;
            setcookie($this->cookieTag.'_'.$var,json_encode($value),(isset($this->cookies[$var]['expires'])?$this->cookies[$var]['expires']:(time()+2592000)),'/','');
        } else {
            unset($this->cookies[$var]);
            setcookie($this->cookieTag.'_'.$var,'',(time()-(172800)),'/','');
        }
        return $value;
    }

    // This gets called when you do $cookies->testArray['testKey'] = "testValue";
    public function &__get($var) {
        // I want to add a variable change listener here, that gets triggered
        // when the references value has been changed.

        // addListener(&$this->config[$var]['value'], array(&$this, 'changeListener'));

        return $this->config[$var]['value'];
    }

    /*
    public function changeListener(&$reference) {
        // scan $this->cookies, find the variable that $reference is the reference to (don't know how to do that ether)
        // send cookie
    }
    */

    public function __isset($var) {
        return isset($this->cookies[$var]);
    }

    public function __unset($var) {
        unset($this->cookies[$var]);
        setcookie($this->cookieTag.'_'.$var,'',(time()-(172800)),'/','');
    }

    public function setCookieExpire($var, $value, $expire=null) {
        if(!isset($expire)) {
            $expire = $value;
            $value = null;
        }
        if($expire<time()) $expire = time() + $expire;
        if(isset($value)) $this->cookies[$var]['value'] = $value;
        $this->cookies[$var]['expires'] = $expire;
        setcookie($this->cookieTag.'_'.$var,json_encode((isset($value)?$value:(isset($this->cookies[$var]['value'])?$this->cookies[$var]['value']:''))),$expire,'/','');
    }
}

至于我为什么不想有更新功能,真的只是个人喜好。这将在其他人可以扩展的框架中使用,我认为让他们能够将 cookie 视为单行代码中的变量感觉更流畅。

4

3 回答 3

2

如果您想在数组或其他任何东西中实现自己的事件处理程序/触发器,那么您可以使用类包装器。

正如您所注意到的,对于一个变量 __get()__set()魔术方法就足够了。对于数组,有一个更好的处理程序:ArrayAccess. 它允许使用类方法和通用数组语义(如某些其他语言中的集合)来模拟数组操作。

<?php
header('Content-Type: text/plain');

// ArrayAccess for Array events
class TriggerableArray implements ArrayAccess {
    protected $array;      // container for elements
    protected $triggers;   // callables to actions

    public function __construct(){
        $this->array    = array();

        // predefined actions, which are availible for this class:
        $this->triggers = array(
            'get'    => null,     // when get element value
            'set'    => null,     // when set existing element's value
            'add'    => null,     // when add new element
            'exists' => null,     // when check element with isset()
            'unset'  => null      // when remove element with unset()
        );
    }

    public function __destruct(){
        unset($this->array, $this->triggers);
    }

    public function offsetGet($offset){
        $result = isset($this->array[$offset]) ? $this->array[$offset] : null;

        // fire "get" trigger
        $this->trigger('get', $offset, $result);

        return $result;
    }

    public function offsetSet($offset, $value){
        // if no offset provided
        if(is_null($offset)){
            // fire "add" trigger
            $this->trigger('add', $offset, $value);

            // add element
            $this->array[] = $value;
        } else {
            // if offset exists, then it is changing, else it is new offset
            $trigger = isset($this->array[$offset]) ? 'set' : 'add';

            // fire trigger ("set" or "add")
            $this->trigger($trigger, $offset, $value);

            // add or change element
            $this->array[$offset] = $value;
        }
    }

    public function offsetExists($offset){
        // fire "exists" trigger
        $this->trigger('exists', $offset);

        // return value
        return isset($this->array[$offset]);
    }

    public function offsetUnset($offset){
        // fire "unset" trigger
        $this->trigger('unset', $offset);

        // unset element
        unset($this->array[$offset]);
    }

    public function addTrigger($trigger, $handler){
        // if action is not availible and not proper handler provided then quit
        if(!(array_key_exists($trigger, $this->triggers) && is_callable($handler)))return false;

        // assign new trigger
        $this->triggers[$trigger] = $handler;

        return true;
    }

    public function removeTrigger($trigger){
        // if wrong trigger name provided then quit
        if(!array_key_exists($trigger, $this->triggers))return false;

        // remove trigger
        $this->triggers[$trigger] = null;

        return true;
    }

    // call trigger method:
    // first arg  - trigger name
    // other args - trigger arguments
    protected function trigger(){
        // if no args supplied then quit
        if(!func_num_args())return false;

        // here is supplied args
        $arguments  = func_get_args();

        // extract trigger name
        $trigger    = array_shift($arguments);

        // if trigger handler was assigned then fire it or quit
        return is_callable($this->triggers[$trigger]) ? call_user_func_array($this->triggers[$trigger], $arguments) : false;
    }
}

function check_trigger(){
    print_r(func_get_args());
    print_r(PHP_EOL);
}

function check_add(){
    print_r('"add" trigger'. PHP_EOL);
    call_user_func_array('check_trigger', func_get_args());
}

function check_get(){
    print_r('"get" trigger'. PHP_EOL);
    call_user_func_array('check_trigger', func_get_args());
}

function check_set(){
    print_r('"set" trigger'. PHP_EOL);
    call_user_func_array('check_trigger', func_get_args());
}

function check_exists(){
    print_r('"exists" trigger'. PHP_EOL);
    call_user_func_array('check_trigger', func_get_args());
}

function check_unset(){
    print_r('"unset" trigger'. PHP_EOL);
    call_user_func_array('check_trigger', func_get_args());
}

$victim = new TriggerableArray();

$victim->addTrigger('get', 'check_get');
$victim->addTrigger('set', 'check_set');
$victim->addTrigger('add', 'check_add');
$victim->addTrigger('exists', 'check_exists');
$victim->addTrigger('unset', 'check_unset');

$victim['check'] = 'a';
$victim['check'] = 'b';

$result = $victim['check'];

isset($victim['check']);
unset($victim['check']);

var_dump($result);
?>

显示:

"add" trigger
Array
(
    [0] => check
    [1] => a
)

"set" trigger
Array
(
    [0] => check
    [1] => b
)

"get" trigger
Array
(
    [0] => check
    [1] => b
)

"exists" trigger
Array
(
    [0] => check
)

"unset" trigger
Array
(
    [0] => check
)

string(1) "b"

我假设,您可以使用数组引用参数修改此代码中的构造函数,以便能够在那里传递超全局数组,例如$_COOKIE. 另一种方法是直接在类内$this->array替换。$_COOKIE此外,还有一种方法可以用匿名函数替换可调用对象。

于 2013-05-22T03:30:04.243 回答
0

根本不改变变量怎么样。

仅通过可以处理您想要执行的任何“侦听”任务的函数(或类方法)访问变量怎么样?

为什么必须这样做:$variable = 5;

你什么时候可以做:setMyVariable(5)

function setMyVariable($new_value) {
  $variable = $new_value;
  // do other stuff

}
于 2013-05-22T03:17:00.560 回答
-3

我认为你的想法有一些错误,因为他们唯一可以改变变量在 php 中的值的方法是如果改变它。因此,当您更改变量时,请运行您的代码。

如果您需要一种通用的方法来执行此操作,我建议将数组或其值封装到一个类中。但是确实没有充分的理由不能在每次值更改后运行 sendCookie() 。

我认为更改侦听器适用于多线程编程。

于 2013-05-22T02:49:45.893 回答