我花了两天时间仍然无法解决问题。
我的问题是我有一个使用 JPA 和 Hibernate 的战争文件。当我在 Windows JBOSS AS 7.1.1 上部署时，它运行良好。但是，当我在 Centos 5.8 JBOSS AS 7.1.1 上部署它时，它会抛出异常。根本原因很常见： 原因 ：javax.persistence.PersistenceException: No Persistence provider for EntityManager named XX
我不知道为什么它在两个操作系统中的工作方式不同。我在两台机器上都有 JDK7 更新 21。
开发机器：Windows 7(64bit)、Eclipse IDE、JDK7_21 部署机器：Centos 5.8(64bit)、
我尝试使用
ClassLoader loader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
Enumeration<URL> resources1 = loader.getResources("/META-INF/persistence.xml");
URL seurl = resources1.nextElement();
但是，这只适用于 Windows 7，在 Centos 上它没有得到 persistence.xml 并在调用.nextElement()时抛出 NOSuchElement 异常。我已将 META-INF 文件夹作为资源放置，并在部署时将其放置在此位置 xx.war/WEB-INF/classes/META-INF/persistence.xml。
有人可以帮我找出问题所在吗？非常感谢。
我也想发布抛出的异常：
19:26:30,685 ERROR [org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[jboss.web].[default-host].[/bms]] (MSC service thread 1-2) Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'hrBean': Injection of persistence dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/spring-context.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: No Persistence provider for EntityManager named shundebuspersistenceunit
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:343) [spring-orm-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1122) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:522) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:626) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:932) [spring-context-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479) [spring-context-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:389) [spring-web-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:294) [spring-web-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:112) [spring-web-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.contextListenerStart(StandardContext.java:3392) [jbossweb-7.0.13.Final.jar:]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:3850) [jbossweb-7.0.13.Final.jar:]
at org.jboss.as.web.deployment.WebDeploymentService.start(WebDeploymentService.java:90) [jboss-as-web-7.1.1.Final.jar:7.1.1.Final]
at org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceControllerImpl$StartTask.startService(ServiceControllerImpl.java:1811)
at org.jboss.msc.service.ServiceControllerImpl$StartTask.run(ServiceControllerImpl.java:1746)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) [rt.jar:1.7.0_21]
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) [rt.jar:1.7.0_21]
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722) [rt.jar:1.7.0_21]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/spring-context.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.persistence.PersistenceException: No Persistence provider for EntityManager named shundebuspersistenceunit
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1488) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:524) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:461) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.findDefaultEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:531) [spring-orm-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.findEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:497) [spring-orm-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$PersistenceElement.resolveEntityManager(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:660) [spring-orm-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$PersistenceElement.getResourceToInject(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:631) [spring-orm-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata$InjectedElement.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:150) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:340) [spring-orm-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
... 21 more
Caused by: javax.persistence.PersistenceException: No Persistence provider for EntityManager named shundebuspersistenceunit
at javax.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:69) [hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar:1.0.1.Final]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:94) [spring-orm-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:310) [spring-orm-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1547) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1485) [spring-beans-3.2.2.RELEASE.jar:3.2.2.RELEASE]
... 34 more