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我用 C++ 编写了一个服务器应用程序,它从客户端应用程序(我自己没有编写)接收数据包并将数据打印到控制台。问题是,当我尝试一次接收和存储整个数据包主体时,数据存储不正确,但是当使用多个 recv() 调用接收和存储数据包主体时,它确实存储正确。

关于字节序,客户端和服务器都运行在一个小字节序的机器上,客户端以小字节序发送数据,服务器读取它不需要转换。

这是客户端应用程序发送到服务器应用程序的数据包:

00 03 23 00 57 6f 57 00  01 0c 01 f3 16 36 38 78
00 6e 69 57 00 42 47 6e  65 00 00 00 00 7f 00 00
01 05 41 44 4d 49 4e

这是数据包的结构化视图:

cmd             00
error           03
pkt_size        23 00
gamename        57 6f 57 00
version1        01
version2        0c
version3        01
build           f3 16
platform        36 38 78 00
os              6e 69 57 00
country         42 47 6e 65
timezone_bias   00 00 00 00
ip              7f 00 00 01
srp_I_len       05
srp_I           41 44 4d 49 4e

这些是服务器应用程序打印出来的预期结果:

cmd:            0
error:          3
pkt_size:       35
gamename:       5730135
version1:       1
version2:       12
version3:       1
build:          5875
platform:       7878710
os:             5728622
country:        1701726018
timezone_bias:  0
ip:             127 0 0 1
srp_I_len:      5
srp_I:          ADMIN

这是我遇到问题的代码:

struct packet{
    uint8   cmd;
    uint8   error;
    uint16  pkt_size;
    uint32  gamename;
    uint8   version1;
    uint8   version2;
    uint8   version3;
    uint16  build;
    uint32  platform;
    uint32  os;
    uint32  country;
    uint32  timezone_bias;
    uint8   ip[4];
    uint8   srp_I_len;
    uint8   srp_I[16];
};

packet data;
recv(clientSocket, &data.cmd, 4, 0); // Receive packet header
recv(clientSocket, &data.gamename, 46, 0); // Receive packet body

printf("%d\n", data.cmd);
...
printf("%s\n", data.srp_i);

结果:

cmd:            0
error:          3
pkt_size:       35
gamename:       5730135
version1:       1
version2:       12
version3:       1
build:          13846 (this is where it all goes wrong)
platform:       1466527232
os:             1850163712
country:        101
timezone_bias:  35512
ip:             1 5 65 68
srp_I_len:      77
srp_I:          IN

如果我像这样更改代码:

recv(clientSocket, &data.cmd, 4, 0); // Receive packet header
recv(clientSocket, &data.gamename, 7, 0); // Receive packet body
recv(clientSocket, &data.build, 39, 0); // Receive packet body

结果:

... same expected results
build:          5875 (fixed)
platform:       1768816760 (goes all wrong here instead)
os:             1195507799
country:        25966
timezone_bias:  8323072
ip:             0 1 5 65
srp_I_len:      68
srp_I:          MIN

如果我对代码进行最后一次调整,如下所示:

recv(clientSocket, &data.cmd, 4, 0); // Receive packet header
recv(clientSocket, &data.gamename, 7, 0); // Receive packet body
recv(clientSocket, &data.build, 2, 0); // Receive packet body
recv(clientSocket, &data.platform, 37, 0); // Receive packet body

结果:

... same expected results
build:          5875
platform:       7878710
os:             5728622
country:        1701726018
timezone_bias:  0
ip:             127 0 0 1
srp_I_len:      5
srp_I:          ADMIN

通过多次调用 recv() ,它完全按照预期接收和存储数据。我完全不知道为什么只调用 recv() 两次时数据存储不正确。求各位大神赐教。谢谢你。

PS:对不起丑陋的怪物帖子。

4

2 回答 2

1

将结构声明为打包结构以避免对齐问题;

在 Windows 上使用#pragma pack (1)(请参阅msdn

在 gcc 上使用__attribute__((packed))

以消除对齐问题。实际上 gcc 将支持 windows 风格的编译指示以实现兼容性。看一下:

http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Structure_002dPacking-Pragmas.html

编辑

因此,下面的示例代码显示了另一个未触及结构中的一个打包结构:

在 x86_64 位平台上编译时:

#include <iostream>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>

using namespace std;


uint8_t input[] = {
    0x00,  0x03,  0x23,  0x00,  0x57,  0x6f,  0x57,  0x00,
    0x01,  0x0c,  0x01,  0xf3,  0x16,  0x36,  0x38,  0x78,
    0x00,  0x6e,  0x69,  0x57,  0x00,  0x42,  0x47,  0x6e,
    0x65,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x00,  0x7f,  0x00,  0x00,
    0x01,  0x05,  0x41,  0x44,  0x4d,  0x49,  0x4e
};

struct __attribute__((packed)) packet{
    uint8_t   cmd;
    uint8_t   error;
    uint16_t  pkt_size;
    uint32_t  gamename;
    uint8_t   version1;
    uint8_t   version2;
    uint8_t   version3;
    uint16_t  build;
    uint32_t  platform;
    uint32_t  os;
    uint32_t  country;
    uint32_t  timezone_bias;
    uint8_t   ip[4];
    uint8_t  srp_I_len;
    uint8_t  srp_I[16];

};

struct data {
    long int foo;
    short a;
    uint8_t b;
    struct packet p;
    uint32_t bar;
};

int main() {
    struct packet p;
    struct data d;

    cout << "in: " << sizeof(input) << ", d: " << sizeof (d) << ", p: " << sizeof(p) << " d.p: " << sizeof(d.p) << endl;
    memset(&p, 0, sizeof(p));
    memcpy(&p, input, sizeof(input));
    cout << (int) p.srp_I_len << endl;
    cout << p.srp_I  << endl;
}

$./foo
in: 39, d: 72, p: 50 d.p: 50
5
ADMIN
于 2013-05-18T18:42:39.413 回答
0

结构中的字节必须对齐到 4 个字节。您必须引入一些备用变量:

struct packet{
    uint8   cmd;
    uint8   error;
    uint16  pkt_size;
    uint32  gamename;
    uint8   version1;
    uint8   version2;
    uint8   version3;
    uint8   spare1;
    uint16  build;
    uint8   spare2;
    uint8   spare3;
    uint32  platform;
    uint32  os;
    uint32  country;
    uint32  timezone_bias;
    uint8   ip[4];
    uint8   srp_I_len;
    uint8   spare4[3];
    uint8   srp_I[16];
};
于 2013-05-18T18:36:06.460 回答