我用 javascript 编写了一个地图生成器，使用我在各个地方找到的经典 perlin 噪声脚本来获得我想要的功能。我一直在使用 chrome，并且没有遇到任何地图问题。但是，当我在 Firefox 中对其进行测试时，它的速度非常慢——几乎让我的系统挂了。它在夜间构建中表现更好，但仍然比 Chrome 慢 30 倍。
你可以在这里找到它的测试页面：http: //jsfiddle.net/7Gq3s/
这是html代码：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>PerlinMapTest</title>
</head>
<body>
<canvas id="map" width="100" height="100" style="border: 1px solid red">My Canvas</canvas>
<script src="//code.jquery.com/jquery-2.0.0.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
//Log time in two ways
var startTime = new Date().getTime();
console.time("Map generated in: ");
var canvas = $("#map")[0];
var ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
var id = ctx.createImageData(canvas.width, canvas.height);
var noiseMap = new PerlinNoise(500);
var startx = 0;
var starty = 0;
var value = 0;
for(var i = startx; i < canvas.width; i++){
for(var j = starty; j < canvas.height; j++){
value = noiseMap.noise(i,j, 0, 42);
value = linear(value,-1,1,0,255);
setPixel(id, i, j, 0,0,0,value);
}
}
ctx.putImageData(id,0,0);
var endTime = new Date().getTime();
console.timeEnd("Map generated in: ");
alert("Map generated in: " + (endTime - startTime) + "milliseconds");
});
function setPixel(imageData, x, y, r, g, b, a) {
index = (x + y * imageData.width) * 4;
imageData.data[index+0] = r;
imageData.data[index+1] = g;
imageData.data[index+2] = b;
imageData.data[index+3] = a;
}
//This is a port of Ken Perlin's "Improved Noise"
//http://mrl.nyu.edu/~perlin/noise/
//Originally from http://therandomuniverse.blogspot.com/2007/01/perlin-noise-your-new-best-friend.html
//but the site appears to be down, so here is a mirror of it
//Converted from php to javascript by Christian Moe
//Patched the errors with code from here: http://asserttrue.blogspot.fi/2011/12/perlin-noise-in-javascript_31.html
var PerlinNoise = function(seed) {
this._default_size = 64;
this.seed = seed;
//Initialize the permutation array.
this.p = new Array(512);
this.permutation = [ 151,160,137,91,90,15,
131,13,201,95,96,53,194,233,7,225,140,36,103,30,69,142,8,99,37,240,21,10,23,
190, 6,148,247,120,234,75,0,26,197,62,94,252,219,203,117,35,11,32,57,177,33,
88,237,149,56,87,174,20,125,136,171,168, 68,175,74,165,71,134,139,48,27,166,
77,146,158,231,83,111,229,122,60,211,133,230,220,105,92,41,55,46,245,40,244,
102,143,54, 65,25,63,161, 1,216,80,73,209,76,132,187,208, 89,18,169,200,196,
135,130,116,188,159,86,164,100,109,198,173,186, 3,64,52,217,226,250,124,123,
5,202,38,147,118,126,255,82,85,212,207,206,59,227,47,16,58,17,182,189,28,42,
223,183,170,213,119,248,152, 2,44,154,163, 70,221,153,101,155,167, 43,172,9,
129,22,39,253, 19,98,108,110,79,113,224,232,178,185, 112,104,218,246,97,228,
251,34,242,193,238,210,144,12,191,179,162,241, 81,51,145,235,249,14,239,107,
49,192,214, 31,181,199,106,157,184, 84,204,176,115,121,50,45,127, 4,150,254,
138,236,205,93,222,114,67,29,24,72,243,141,128,195,78,66,215,61,156,180
];
for (var i=0; i < 256 ; i++) {
this.p[256+i] = this.p[i] = this.permutation[i];
}
};
PerlinNoise.prototype.noise = function(x,y,z,size) {
if (size == undefined)
{
size = this._default_size;
}
//Set the initial value and initial size
var value = 0.0;
var initialSize = size;
//Add finer and finer hues of smoothed noise together
while(size >= 1)
{
value += this.smoothNoise(x / size, y / size, z / size) * size;
size /= 2.0;
}
//Return the result over the initial size
return value / initialSize;
};
//This function determines what cube the point passed resides in
//and determines its value.
PerlinNoise.prototype.smoothNoise = function(x, y, z){
//Offset each coordinate by the seed value
x += this.seed;
y += this.seed;
z += this.seed;
var orig_x = x;
var orig_y = y;
var orig_z = z;
var X = Math.floor(x) & 255, // FIND UNIT CUBE THAT
Y = Math.floor(y) & 255, // CONTAINS POINT.
Z = Math.floor(z) & 255;
x -= Math.floor(x); // FIND RELATIVE X,Y,Z
y -= Math.floor(y); // OF POINT IN CUBE.
z -= Math.floor(z);
var u = this.fade(x), // COMPUTE FADE CURVES
v = this.fade(y), // FOR EACH OF X,Y,Z.
w = this.fade(z);
var A = this.p[X ]+Y, AA = this.p[A]+Z, AB = this.p[A+1]+Z, // HASH COORDINATES OF
B = this.p[X+1]+Y, BA = this.p[B]+Z, BB = this.p[B+1]+Z; // THE 8 CUBE CORNERS,
return this.lerp(w, this.lerp(v, this.lerp(u, this.grad(this.p[AA ], x , y , z ), // AND ADD
this.grad(this.p[BA ], x-1, y , z )), // BLENDED
this.lerp(u, this.grad(this.p[AB ], x , y-1, z ), // RESULTS
this.grad(this.p[BB ], x-1, y-1, z ))),// FROM 8
this.lerp(v, this.lerp(u, this.grad(this.p[AA+1], x , y , z-1 ), // CORNERS
this.grad(this.p[BA+1], x-1, y , z-1 )), // OF CUBE
this.lerp(u, this.grad(this.p[AB+1], x , y-1, z-1 ),
this.grad(this.p[BB+1], x-1, y-1, z-1 ))));
};
PerlinNoise.prototype.fade = function(t) {
return t * t * t * ( ( t * ( (t * 6) - 15) ) + 10);
};
PerlinNoise.prototype.lerp = function(t, a, b) {
//Make a weighted interpolaton between points
return a + t * (b - a);
};
PerlinNoise.prototype.grad = function(hash, x, y, z) {
h = hash & 15; // CONVERT LO 4 BITS OF HASH CODE
u = h<8 ? x : y; // INTO 12 GRADIENT DIRECTIONS.
v = h<4 ? y : (h==12||h==14 ? x : z);
return ((h&1) == 0 ? u : -u) + ((h&2) == 0 ? v : -v);
};
PerlinNoise.prototype.scale = function(n) {
return (1 + n)/2;
};
function linear(int, s1, s2, t1, t2)
{
t = [t1, t2];
s = [s1, s2];
rangeS = s1 - s2;
rangeT = t1 - t2;
if((s1 < s2 && t1 > t2) || (s1>s2 && t1<t2))
{
interpolated = ((int - s1) / rangeS*rangeT) + t1;
}
else
{
interpolated = ((int - s1) / rangeS)*rangeT + t1;
}
if(interpolated > Math.max.apply(Math, t))
{
interpolated = Math.max.apply(Math, t);
}
if(interpolated < Math.min.apply(Math, t))
{
interpolated = Math.min.apply(Math, t);
}
return interpolated;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
我在 Chrome 上获得 33 毫秒，在 Firefox 24 Nightly 上获得 1051 毫秒
结果虽然不一致。有时 Nightly 的结果和 chrome 一样快……
你知道为什么在这个特定的例子中有如此多的变化吗？我对perlin噪声的理论了解不够，无法尝试优化代码，所以不知道该怎么做。