java - MockMVC如何在同一个测试用例中测试异常和响应代码

Question

我想断言引发了异常并且服务器返回 500 内部服务器错误。

为了突出显示意图，提供了一个代码片段：

thrown.expect(NestedServletException.class);
this.mockMvc.perform(post("/account")
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .content(requestString))
            .andExpect(status().isInternalServerError());

当然，我写isInternalServerError或写无关紧要isOk。throw.except无论语句下方是否引发异常，测试都将通过。

你打算如何解决这个问题？

score 12 · Accepted Answer

如果您有异常处理程序并且想要测试特定异常，您还可以断言该实例在已解决的异常中有效。

.andExpect(result -> assertTrue(result.getResolvedException() instanceof WhateverException))

score 12 · Accepted Answer

您可以获得对MvcResult和可能已解决的异常的引用，并检查一般的 JUnit 断言......

MvcResult result = this.mvc.perform(
        post("/api/some/endpoint")
                .contentType(TestUtil.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
                .content(TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytes(someObject)))
        .andDo(print())
        .andExpect(status().is4xxClientError())
        .andReturn();

Optional<SomeException> someException = Optional.ofNullable((SomeException) result.getResolvedException());

someException.ifPresent( (se) -> assertThat(se, is(notNullValue())));
someException.ifPresent( (se) -> assertThat(se, is(instanceOf(SomeException.class))));

score 8 · Accepted Answer

您可以尝试以下方法 -

创建自定义匹配器

public class CustomExceptionMatcher extends
TypeSafeMatcher<CustomException> {

private String actual;
private String expected;

private CustomExceptionMatcher (String expected) {
    this.expected = expected;
}

public static CustomExceptionMatcher assertSomeThing(String expected) {
    return new CustomExceptionMatcher (expected);
}

@Override
protected boolean matchesSafely(CustomException exception) {
    actual = exception.getSomeInformation();
    return actual.equals(expected);
}

@Override
public void describeTo(Description desc) {
    desc.appendText("Actual =").appendValue(actual)
        .appendText(" Expected =").appendValue(
                expected);

}
}

在 JUnit 类中声明一个@Rule如下 -

@Rule
public ExpectedException exception = ExpectedException.none();

在测试用例中使用自定义匹配器 -

exception.expect(CustomException.class);
exception.expect(CustomException
        .assertSomeThing("Some assertion text"));
this.mockMvc.perform(post("/account")
    .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
    .content(requestString))
    .andExpect(status().isInternalServerError());

PS：我提供了一个通用的伪代码，您可以根据您的要求进行自定义。

score 0 · Accepted Answer

我最近遇到了同样的错误，我没有使用 MockMVC，而是创建了一个集成测试，如下所示：

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { MyTestConfiguration.class })
public class MyTest {
    
    @Autowired
    private TestRestTemplate testRestTemplate;
    
    @Test
    public void myTest() throws Exception {
        
        ResponseEntity<String> response = testRestTemplate.getForEntity("/test", String.class);
        
        assertEquals(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, response.getStatusCode(), "unexpected status code");
        
    }   
}

和

@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = NotDesiredConfiguration.class)
public class MyTestConfiguration {
    
    @RestController
    public class TestController {
        
        @GetMapping("/test")
        public ResponseEntity<String> get() throws Exception{
            throw new Exception("not nice");
        }           
    }   
}

这篇文章很有帮助：https ://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/issues/7321

score -7 · Accepted Answer

在您的控制器中：

throw new Exception("Athlete with same username already exists...");

在您的测试中：

    try {
        mockMvc.perform(post("/api/athlete").contentType(contentType).
                content(TestUtil.convertObjectToJsonBytes(wAthleteFTP)))
                .andExpect(status().isInternalServerError())
                .andExpect(content().string("Athlete with same username already exists..."))
                .andDo(print());
    } catch (Exception e){
        //sink it
    }

java - MockMVC如何在同一个测试用例中测试异常和响应代码

5 回答 5

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