我正在使用 Spring、JPA 和 GlassFish 3.1 做我的第一个项目，但遇到了一些麻烦。我一直在寻找一个星期的解决方案，但我什么也没找到。
我有一个实体（称为 Role），一个具有访问任何实体的通用方法的 GeneralRepository，一个实现有关 Role 的特定方法的 RoleRepository，以及一个调用 RoleRepository 的 Service 类。Service 类的方法是事务性的，但如果传播属性是 REQUIRED、REQUIRES_NEW 或 NESTED，我会得到 RollBackException。如果传播是强制性的，则会引发异常：
org.springframework.transaction.IllegalTransactionStateException: No existing transaction found for transaction marked with propagation 'mandatory'
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:339)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.createTransactionIfNecessary(TransactionAspectSupport.java:262)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:101)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:631)
...
如果它是 NOT_SUPPORTED、NEVER 或 SUPPORT，则选择查询工作正常，但如果我尝试执行创建、更新或删除查询，我会得到相同的 RollbackException。
我已经调试了选择查询，在它们抛出 RollBackException 之前，查询得到了很好的结果，并且在函数结束时抛出了异常。此外，如果我使用 EntityManager 的 find() 获取实体并且服务方法没有 @Transactional 注释，则工作正常，但如果我将其设为事务性，它会因相同的异常而崩溃。
我拥有的所有实体都会发生这种情况，但我用它来解释问题。
我认为我的 Spring 配置有问题，但我不知道是什么。
这是异常的完整跟踪（在某些行中有对 AuthenticationSuccessHandler 类的引用，因为它是我调用服务类的地方）：
WARNING: StandardWrapperValve[default]: PWC1406: Servlet.service() for servlet default threw exception
org.springframework.transaction.UnexpectedRollbackException: JTA transaction unexpectedly rolled back (maybe due to a timeout); nested exception is javax.transaction.RollbackException: Transaction marked for rollback.
at org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager.doCommit(JtaTransactionManager.java:845)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:662)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.commit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:632)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.commitTransactionAfterReturning(TransactionAspectSupport.java:314)
at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:116)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:631)
at com.citius.reservas.service.service$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$37b50d4.tryJPAFind(<generated>)
at com.citius.reservas.AuthenticationSuccessHandlerImpl.onAuthenticationSuccess(AuthenticationSuccessHandlerImpl.java:47)
...
Caused by: javax.transaction.RollbackException: Transaction marked for rollback.
at com.sun.enterprise.transaction.JavaEETransactionImpl.commit(JavaEETransactionImpl.java:428)
at com.sun.enterprise.transaction.JavaEETransactionManagerSimplified.commit(JavaEETransactionManagerSimplified.java:855)
at com.sun.enterprise.transaction.UserTransactionImpl.commit(UserTransactionImpl.java:208)
at org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager.doCommit(JtaTransactionManager.java:842)
... 45 more
我有以下实体：
@Entity
@Table(name = "roles", catalog = "reservas")
@XmlRootElement
public class Role implements Serializable {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Integer id;
@NotNull
@Size(min = 1, max = 50)
private String name;
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
GenericRepository，一个通用类，由所有存储库实现：
public class GenericRepositoryImpl<T> implements GenericRepository<T> {
@PersistenceContext
private EntityManager em;
private Class<T> type;
public GenericRepositoryImpl( ){
Type t = getClass().getGenericSuperclass();
ParameterizedType pt = (ParameterizedType) t;
type = (Class) pt.getActualTypeArguments()[0];
}
@Override
public T find(Object pk) {
try{
return em.find(type, pk);
}catch(java.util.NoSuchElementException ex){
return null;
}
}
@Override
public T create(T t) {
em.persist(t);
em.flush();
em.refresh(t);
return t;
}
@Override
public List<T> query(Query q) {
List<T> list= q.getResultList();
if(list==null)
list=new ArrayList<T>();
return list;
}
}
这是角色存储库：
@Repository
public class RoleRepositoryImpl extends GenericRepositoryImpl<Role>
implements RoleRepository{
@PersistenceContext
private EntityManager em;
@Override
public Role findByName(String name) {
Query q = (Query) this.em.createNamedQuery("Role.findByName");
q.setParameter("name", name);
Role r = (Role) q.getSingleResult();
return r;
}
@Override
public List<Role> findAll() {
Query q = (Query) this.em.createNamedQuery("Role.findAll");
return this.query(q);
}
}
服务类：
@Service
public class service {
@Autowired
private RoleRepository roleRepository;
@Transactional
//This throws a RollBackException
public void tryJPAEmpty(){
roleRepository.findByName("example");
}
//This doesn't
public Role tryJPAFind(){
return roleRepository.find(new Integer(1));
}
}
Spring配置（applicationContext.xml）是：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd
">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.***.***" />
<jpa:repositories base-package="com.***.***.repositories" />
<tx:annotation-driven />
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<context:annotation-config />
<beans>
<bean id="EntityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="JPAReservas"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor"/>
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager" >
<property name="allowCustomIsolationLevels">
<value>true</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
</beans>
Persistence.xml（我在 GlassFish 服务器中创建了一个数据源和一个连接池）：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="1.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="JPAReservas" transaction-type="JTA">
<provider>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider</provider>
<jta-data-source>Reservas_mysql</jta-data-source>
<!--Named queries-->
<mapping-file>META-INF/mapping/Role.xml</mapping-file>
<exclude-unlisted-classes>false</exclude-unlisted-classes>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
最后，我在 xml 文件中命名了 queires，如下所示： SELECT r FROM Role r
<named-query name="Role.findByName">
<query>SELECT r FROM Role r WHERE r.name = :name</query>
</named-query>
我对 Spring 和 JPA 真的很陌生，所以如果您知道我可以做的一些改进或更改，请告诉我。