4

我正在为 web-server shiny-server编写一个 init 脚本（shiny-server是R包 shiny 的一个版本，它允许您运行基于R的独立 Web 应用程序）。

我正在阅读Gentoo 手册：编写初始化脚本，并且正在阅读Gentoo 开发人员指南（因为我的最终目标是开发一个用于在 Gentoo 上安装它的 ebuild，不过还有一段路要走）。

我在启动初始化脚本时遇到了一些麻烦，因此在Shiny Google Group上寻求帮助，其中一位开发人员提供了解决方案，但同时出现了 Gentoo 是否期望...

a) 为每个启动的进程创建一个 pid 文件。

b) 在 Gentoo 下分叉和守护进程是否是“最佳实践”。

我不知道，但我正在寻求建议以反馈给似乎非常开放并乐于接受他们的软件并使用发行版的开发人员。

目前我的初始化脚本，它的工作原理，看起来像....

#!/sbin/runscript
depend(){
    after net
}
start(){
  ebegin "Starting shiny-server"
  start-stop-daemon --start --exec /usr/bin/shiny-server >> /var/log/shiny-server.log 2>&1
  local _retval=$?
  eend "${_retval}"
}
stop(){
  ebegin "Stopping shiny-server"
  start-stop-daemon --start --exec /usr/bin/shiny-server >> /var/log/shiny-server.log 2>&1  
  local _retval=$?
  eend "${_retval}"
}

在此先感谢您的时间，

松紧线

4

2 回答 2

2

好的，我在 IRC 上的#gentoo 中询问并得到了 bonsaikitten 的建议...

“无论什么效果最好” - start-stop-daemon 也可以创建 pid，但我认为如果进程已经提供了该功能并被守护，那么使用该功能会更容易 - 好吧，它需要以某种方式与当前终端分离，所以要么让它自己做，或者用ssd做

因此，我选择使用以下方法来后台守护进程并创建 PID 文件...

#!/sbin/runscript

PIDFILE=/var/run/shiny-server.pid

depend(){
    after net
}
start(){
  ebegin "Starting shiny-server"
  start-stop-daemon --start --make-pidfile --pidfile "${PIDFILE}" \
      --background --exec /usr/bin/shiny-server >> /var/log/shiny-server.log 2>&1
  local _retval=$?
  eend "${_retval}"
}
stop(){
  ebegin "Stopping shiny-server"
  start-stop-daemon --stop --pidfile "${PIDFILE}"
  local _retval=$?
  eend "${_retval}"
}
于 2013-05-15T09:15:18.953 回答
2

我不知道 Gentoo 中使用的最佳实践，但我可以给你一些建议，我将如何在基于 Debian 的系统上处理它。在 Debian/Ubuntu 发行版上存在一个文件/etc/init.d/skeleton，只需 google 即可。我在下面添加了骨架脚本。

使用这个骨架文件（它只是一个 bash 脚本），您将在几分钟内完成。

它使用start-stop-daemon来处理程序的启动。

这就是我在基于 Debian 的系统上做的方式。是的，我建议为您启动的每个守护程序使用 pid 文件。

希望我能帮上忙，祝你好运！

http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts

http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?part=2&chap=4

#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          skeleton
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Example initscript
# Description:       This file should be used to construct scripts to be
#                    placed in /etc/init.d.
### END INIT INFO

# Author: Foo Bar <foobar@baz.org>
#
# Please remove the "Author" lines above and replace them
# with your own name if you copy and modify this script.

# Do NOT "set -e"

# PATH should only include /usr/* if it runs after the mountnfs.sh script
PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
DESC="Description of the service"
NAME=daemonexecutablename
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/$NAME
DAEMON_ARGS="--options args"
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME

# Exit if the package is not installed
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0

# Read configuration variable file if it is present
[ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME

# Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables
. /lib/init/vars.sh

# Define LSB log_* functions.
# Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.2-14) to ensure that this file is present
# and status_of_proc is working.
. /lib/lsb/init-functions

#
# Function that starts the daemon/service
#
do_start()
{
        # Return
        #   0 if daemon has been started
        #   1 if daemon was already running
        #   2 if daemon could not be started
        start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \
                || return 1
        start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON -- \
                $DAEMON_ARGS \
                || return 2
        # Add code here, if necessary, that waits for the process to be ready
        # to handle requests from services started subsequently which depend
        # on this one.  As a last resort, sleep for some time.
}

#
# Function that stops the daemon/service
#
do_stop()
{
        # Return
        #   0 if daemon has been stopped
        #   1 if daemon was already stopped
        #   2 if daemon could not be stopped
        #   other if a failure occurred
        start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
        RETVAL="$?"
        [ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2
        # Wait for children to finish too if this is a daemon that forks
        # and if the daemon is only ever run from this initscript.
        # If the above conditions are not satisfied then add some other code
        # that waits for the process to drop all resources that could be
        # needed by services started subsequently.  A last resort is to
        # sleep for some time.
        start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --retry=0/30/KILL/5 --exec $DAEMON
        [ "$?" = 2 ] && return 2
        # Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit.
        rm -f $PIDFILE
        return "$RETVAL"
}

#
# Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service
#
do_reload() {
        #
        # If the daemon can reload its configuration without
        # restarting (for example, when it is sent a SIGHUP),
        # then implement that here.
        #
        start-stop-daemon --stop --signal 1 --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
        return 0
}

case "$1" in
  start)
        [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
        do_start
        case "$?" in
                0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
                2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
        esac
        ;;
  stop)
        [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
        do_stop
        case "$?" in
                0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
                2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
        esac
        ;;
  status)
       status_of_proc "$DAEMON" "$NAME" && exit 0 || exit $?
       ;;
  #reload|force-reload)
        #
        # If do_reload() is not implemented then leave this commented out
        # and leave 'force-reload' as an alias for 'restart'.
        #
        #log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC" "$NAME"
        #do_reload
        #log_end_msg $?
        #;;
  restart|force-reload)
        #
        # If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the
        # 'force-reload' alias
        #
        log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
        do_stop
        case "$?" in
          0|1)
                do_start
                case "$?" in
                        0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
                        1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
                        *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
                esac
                ;;
          *)
                # Failed to stop
                log_end_msg 1
                ;;
        esac
        ;;
  *)
        #echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}" >&2
        echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|status|restart|force-reload}" >&2
        exit 3
        ;;
esac

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于 2013-05-14T09:01:38.513 回答